作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (08): 1331-1339.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014
• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 下一篇
罗巧玲1,4,郑琪2,许云峰1,李立会3,韩方普2,许红星1,李滨2,马朋涛1,安调过1,*
LUO Qiao-Ling1,4,ZHENG Qi2,XU Yun-Feng1,LI Li-Hui3,HAN Fang-Pu2,XU Hong-Xing1,LI Bin2,MA Peng-Tao1,AN Diao-Guo1,*
摘要:
将小麦近缘属植物黑麦中的优良基因导入小麦可以拓宽小麦的遗传基础,丰富小麦的遗传变异。本研究调查并分析了390份小麦-黑麦种质材料。在这390份种质材料中,6个主要农艺性状值均有较大的极差,说明其遗传多样性丰富。与10份小麦主栽品种相比,90%以上的材料具有穗长和分蘖数的显著优势,60%以上的材料具有小穗数优势,约30%的材料穗粒数和千粒重显著高于主栽品种。利用基因组原位杂交(genomic in situ hybridization,GISH)和多色荧光原位杂交(multicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization,mc-FISH)技术,对8份农艺性状优良的代表性材料进行染色体组成分析,发现3份为六倍体小黑麦(AABBRR),2份为八倍体小黑麦(AABBDDRR),1份为1RS·1BL易位系,其余2份不具有可见的黑麦染色体或染色体片段。值得指出的是,3份六倍体小黑麦与2份八倍体小黑麦所含的黑麦染色体不完全相同。八倍体小黑麦中有1对来源于黑麦的小染色体,而六倍体小黑麦中没有类似小染色体;并且,不同材料中黑麦4R染色体端部的GISH杂交带有明显差异。本研究结果为这些小麦-黑麦种质材料进一步应用于小麦育种提供了依据。
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