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作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 19-30.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00019

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

谷子核心种质表型遗传多样性分析及综合评价

王海岗1，贾冠清2，智慧2，温琪汾1，董俊丽1，陈凌1，王君杰1，曹晓宁1，刘思辰1，王纶1，乔治军1,*，刁现民2,*   

  1. 1山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 / 农业部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室 / 杂粮种质资源发掘与遗传改良山西省重点实验室，山西太原 030031; 2中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京100081
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-01 修回日期:2015-09-06 出版日期:2016-01-12 网络出版日期:2015-10-08
  • 通讯作者: 刁现民, E-mail: diaoxianmin@caas.cn, Tel: 010-62126889；乔治军, E-mail: nkypzs@126.com, Tel: 0351-7639239
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31301328, 31171560), 国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B01), 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS07-12.5-A02, CARS-07-12.5-A12)和中国农业科学院科技创新工程资助。

Phenotypic Diversity Evaluations of Foxtail Millet Core Collections

WANG Hai-Gang1,JIA Guan-Qing2,ZHI Hui2,WEN Qi-Fen1,DONG Jun-Li1,CHEN Ling1,WANG Jun-Jie1,CAO Xiao-Ning1,LIU Si-Chen1,WANG Lun1,QIAO Zhi-Jun1,*,DIAO Xian-Min2,*   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China;
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2015-06-01 Revised:2015-09-06 Published:2016-01-12 Published online:2015-10-08
  • Contact: 刁现民, E-mail: diaoxianmin@caas.cn, Tel: 010-62126889；乔治军, E-mail: nkypzs@126.com, Tel: 0351-7639239
  • Supported by:

    This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301328, 31171560), the National Key Technology Research and Development Program (2014BAD07B01), the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (CARS07-12.5-A02, CARS-07-12.5-A12) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS.

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被引次数

34

摘要：

通过遗传种质的多样性评估可以指导深入研究资源和育种中优异互补亲本的选择进而提高优异基因的交流累加和新品种培育的效率。本研究选用了来自世界各地的份谷子核心种质通过个表型性状的综合鉴定评估遗传多样性和筛选优异种质资源结果表明我国谷子资源的表型遗传多样性丰富单穗粒重、穗长、穗粗、株高、茎节数和生育期均表现了丰富的变异谷子育成品种遗传多样性相比农家品种下降明显育种的遗传增益主要体现在株高和穗长的适度减低，以及茎粗、茎节数、穗粗、单穗粒重、单穗重及生育期的适度增加系统聚类分析将谷子资源分成类第类以来源为东北欧国家的品种为主第类以北美和非洲的品种为主第类以东亚、南亚的品种为主我国种质可划分为春播型、春夏兼播型和南方型类型采用主成分分析法和逐步回归分析法综合评判表明叶鞘色、刚毛长度、粒色、米色、株高、穗长、茎粗和单穗粒重个性状可作为谷子表型鉴定的主要指标。

关键词: 谷子, 核心种质, 表型性状, 综合评价

Abstract:

Evaluation of genetic diversity could benefit the identification of optimal parental combinations for obtaining segregating offspring with maximum genetic variability, and facilitate the introgression of favorable genes from various germplasm into commercial cultivars. In this study, foxtail millet core collections including 878 world-wide accessions were evaluated through phenotypic analysis of 15 agronomic traits. Main conclusions are as follows: (1) Chinese accessions present higher level of phenotypic diversity, especially in grain weight per main stem, panicle length, panicle diameter, plant height, stem node number and growth period; phenotypic diversity is lower in elite cultivars than in traditional landraces；gains of breeding progress in foxtail millet are expressed in reduced plant height and panicle length, coupling with increased diameter of main stem, stem node number, panicle diameter, grain weight per main stem, panicle weight per main stem and growth period; (2)from the cluster analysis, foreign resources are divided into three categories according to the geographical origins, the first category mainly includes accessions from northeast European countries, the second cluster is mainly collected from North America and Africa, and the third group includes varieties mainly from East Asia, South Asia, African, and European countries; Chinese collections is able to be divided into three groups of spring-sowing, summer-sowing and southern ecotypes; (3) comprehensive assessment of phenotypic traits based on principal component analysis (PCA) and step regression analysis demonstrates that leaf sheath color, bristle length, hull color, grain color, plant height, spike length, stem diameter and grain weight per plant can be used as main identification indicators of foxtail millet phenotypic variations. This research will benefit the utilization of foxtail millet resources in variety breeding practices in the future.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Core collections, Phenotypic traits, Comprehensive evaluations

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