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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 1459-1467.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01459

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

山西花生地方品种芽期耐寒性鉴定及SSR遗传多样性

白冬梅1,*(),薛云云1,赵姣姣2,黄莉2,田跃霞1,权宝全1,姜慧芳2,*()   

  1. 1山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所, 山西汾阳 032200
    2中国农业科学院油料作物研究所, 湖北武汉 430062
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-24 接受日期:2018-06-12 出版日期:2018-10-10 网络出版日期:2018-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 白冬梅,姜慧芳
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13);山西省农业科学院生物育种工程项目(17yzgc051);山西省农业科学院科技自主创新能力提升工程项目(2017zzlx-07)

Identification of Cold-tolerance During Germination Stage and Genetic Diversity of SSR Markers in Peanut Landraces of Shanxi Province

Dong-Mei BAI1,*(),Yun-Yun XUE1,Jiao-Jiao ZHAO2,Li HUANG2,Yue-Xia TIAN1,Bao-Quan QUAN1,Hui-Fang JIANG2,*()   

  1. 1 Industrial Crops Research Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fenyang 032200, Shanxi, China
    2 Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
  • Received:2018-02-24 Accepted:2018-06-12 Published:2018-10-10 Published online:2018-07-03
  • Contact: Dong-Mei BAI,Hui-Fang JIANG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-13);the Biological Breeding Project of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(17yzgc051);the Science and Technology Independent Innovation Ability Enhancement Project of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2017zzlx-07)

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摘要：

低温寒害是引起花生产量和品质下降的主要因素之一, 培育和种植高产稳产耐寒性强的品种是降低低温寒害的理想途径。然而高耐寒性种质的缺乏和耐寒性鉴定的困难, 是限制耐寒性育种取得突破的主要原因。本研究对72份山西花生地方品种进行芽期耐寒性鉴定, 以其相对发芽率和相对发芽指数作为耐寒性评价指标, 初步将其分为高耐寒、耐寒、中感、敏感、高感5级。为了解山西花生地方品种耐寒性遗传多样性, 合理、高效利用耐寒型花生资源, 用多态性好的90对SSR引物评价了不同耐寒性花生品种, 结果显示, 参试品种遗传多样性存在较大差异, 在遗传距离为0.4时, 被聚类为三大类群。3份高耐寒品种和7份耐寒品种分别聚类到不同的3个类群中, 说明耐寒性花生遗传多样性丰富。

关键词: 花生, 地方品种, 芽期耐寒性, 遗传多样性

Abstract:

Cold injury is one of the main factors causing yield and quality decline in peanut. Cultivating and planting varieties with high and stable yield and strong cold tolerance is an ideal way to reduce cold injury, However, the lack of high cold tolerant germplasm and the difficulty of cold tolerance identification are the main reasons to limit the breakthrough of cold tolerance breeding. In this study, 72 local peanut varieties in Shanxi province were identified for cold tolerance at germination stage. Based on their relative germination rate and relative germination index, the cold tolerance of 72 peanut cultivars we preliminarily divided the 72 peanut cultivars into five grades, namely high-cold-tolerant type, cold-tolerant type, middle type, sensitive type, and high sensitive type. Ninety pairs of SSR primers with good polymorphism were used to evaluate the peanut cultivars with different cold-tolerance levels, and to examine the genetic diversity of cold-tolerant peanut landraces in Shanxi province making rational and efficient use of cold tolerant peanut resources. The tested cultivars were highly different in genetic diversity and were clustered into three groups with genetic distance of 0.4. Three high-cold-tolerant cultivars and seven cold-tolerant cultivars were clustered into three different groups, indicating that the cold-tolerant peanut varieties are rich in genetic diversity.

Key words: peanut, landraces, cold-tolerance at germination stage, genetic diversity

表1

72份山西供试花生地方品种编号、品名、类型"

编号
Code		 品种
Cultiver		 植物学类型
Botanical type		 编号
Code		 品种
Cultiver		 植物学类型
Botanical type
1 汾西小粒Fenxixiaoli 珍珠豆型vulgaris 37 洪洞花生4 Hongtonghuasheng 4 普通型hypogaea
2 襄汾油花生Xiangfenyouhuasheng 多粒型fastigiata 38 洪洞大粒Hongtongdali 普通型hypogaea
3 隰县一把抓Xixianyibazhua 普通型hypogaea 39 乡宁花生Xiangninghuasheng 普通型hypogaea
4 洪洞花生5 Hongtonghuasheng 5 多粒型fastigiata 40 临汾小粒Linfenxiaoli 普通型hypogaea
5 难山小粒 Nanshanxiaoli 珍珠豆型vulgaris 41 临汾一窝蜂Linfenyiwofeng 多粒型fastigiata
6 吉县大花生Jixiandahuasheng 普通型hypogaea 42 高平花生Gaopinghuasheng 普通型hypogaea
7 大宁大花生Daningdahuasheng 普通型hypogaea 43 黎城花生Lichenghuasheng 普通型hypogaea
8 太谷二粒Taiguerli 珍珠豆型vulgaris 44 长子花生Zhangzihuasheng 多粒型fastigiata
9 石楼小粒Shilouxiaoli 珍珠豆型vulgaris 45 运城花生 Yunchenghuasheng 普通型hypogaea
10 临县多粒Linxianduoli 珍珠豆型vulgaris 46 新绛大花生Xinjiangdahuasheng 普通型hypogaea
11 安泽落花生Anzeluohuasheng 多粒型fastigiata 47 永济爬地垄Yongjipadilong 普通型hypogaea
12 吉县大粒秧Jixiandaliyang 普通型hypogaea 48 平陆大粒Pingludali 普通型hypogaea
13 翼城花生Yichenghuasheng 珍珠豆型vulgaris 49 稷山花生Jishanhuasheng 普通型hypogaea
14 浮山一把抓Fushanyibazhua 普通型hypogaea 50 榆次花生Yucihuasheng 普通型hypogaea
15 中阳花生Zhongyanghuasheng 普通型hypogaea 51 榆次伏花生Yucifuhuasheng 普通型hypogaea
16 沁水花生Qinshuihuasheng 普通型hypogaea 52 灵石小花生Lingshixiaohuasheng 珍珠豆型vulgaris
17 黎城花生Lichenghuasheng 普通型hypogaea 53 太谷大粒Taigudali 普通型hypogaea
18 运城小角花Yunchengxiaojiaohuasheng 普通型hypogaea 54 阳曲花生Yangquhuasheng 普通型hypogaea
19 运城大蔓花生Yunchengdamanhuasheng 普通型hypogaea 55 文水大花生Wenshuidahuasheng 普通型hypogaea
20 稷山小蔓Jishanxiaoman 普通型hypogaea 56 文水多粒Wenshuiduoli 多粒型fastigiata
21 垣曲长蔓Yuanquchangman 普通型hypogaea 57 汾阳大粒Fenyangdali 普通型hypogaea
22 祁县小花生Qixianxiaohuasheng 珍珠豆型vulgaris 58 汾阳多粒Fenyangduoli 多粒型fastigiata
23 兴县大花生Xingxiandahuasheng 普通型hypogaea 59 汾阳四粒红Fenyangsilihong 多粒型fastigiata
24 文水花生Wenshuihuasheng 普通型hypogaea 60 柳林二粒Liulinerli 普通型hypogaea
25 孝义花生Xiaoyihuasheng 普通型hypogaea 61 榆社花生Yushehuasheng 珍珠豆型vulgaris
26 临县大粒Linxiandali 普通型hypogaea 62 榆社红花生Yushehonghuasheng 多粒型fastigiata
27 临县小粒Linxianxiaoli 普通型hypogaea 63 榆社大粒Yushedali 普通型hypogaea
28 交口花生Jiaokouhuasheng 普通型hypogaea 64 曲沃一窝蜂Quwoyiwofeng 多粒型fastigiata
29 汾阳小粒Fenyangxiaoli 普通型hypogaea 65 洪洞花生1 Hongtonghuasheng 1 普通型hypogaea
30 柳林花生Liulinhuasheng 普通型hypogaea 66 武乡花生Wuxianghuasheng 普通型hypogaea
31 侯马大粒 Houmadali 普通型hypogaea 67 武乡白花生Wuxiangbaihuasheng 珍珠豆型vulgaris
32 吉县大粒1 Jixiandali 1 普通型hypogaea 68 武乡黑花生Wuxiangheihuasheng 普通型hypogaea
33 吉县大粒蔓Jixiandaliman 普通型hypogaea 69 武乡多粒Wuxiangduoli 多粒型fastigiata
34 曲沃小花生Quwoxiaohuasheng 普通型hypogaea 70 武乡彩粒Wuxiangcaili 普通型hypogaea
35 曲沃一把抓Quwoyibazhua 普通型hypogaea 71 河曲大粒Hequdali 普通型hypogaea
36 大宁一把抓Daningyibazhua 普通型hypogaea 72 柳林小粒Liulinxiaoli 普通型hypogaea

图1

低温胁迫后部分花生品种萌发情况"

表2

供试品种的耐寒性鉴定"

基因型
Gene type		 编号
Code		 相对发芽率 Relative germination rate (%) 相对发芽指数 Relative germination index (%)
2016 2017 Mean 2016 2017 Mean
高耐寒 10 92.27 94.44 93.36 93.01 91.29 92.15
High cold-tolerant 46 96.64 96.36 96.50 94.20 94.71 94.46
50 94.64 93.10 93.87 90.15 94.03 92.09
耐寒 1 94.44 92.72 93.58 86.14 85.09 85.62
Cold-tolerant 2 90.60 92.30 91.45 81.47 81.70 81.59
24 94.64 92.47 93.56 85.93 86.23 86.08
44 98.56 92.72 95.64 81.42 86.81 84.12
47 94.34 92.98 93.66 87.55 88.87 88.21
63 93.57 92.72 93.15 87.07 89.59 88.33
64 98.18 94.23 96.21 84.00 82.08 83.04
中间 9 64.78 76.47 70.63 51.18 53.20 52.19
Middle 15 55.12 60.34 57.73 51.69 51.45 51.57
23 71.69 68.52 70.11 55.64 54.34 54.99
25 51.77 54.54 53.16 53.91 55.52 54.72
32 86.50 78.42 82.46 62.95 61.72 62.34
33 86.60 78.97 82.79 68.64 62.15 65.40
34 77.35 76.36 76.86 55.80 55.15 55.48
36 62.71 74.54 68.63 52.54 52.14 52.34
37 70.33 66.67 68.50 50.73 52.31 51.52
38 77.35 70.59 73.97 52.35 54.28 53.32
39 63.00 55.36 59.18 50.13 50.20 50.17
40 88.47 79.25 83.86 51.72 57.93 54.83
41 59.22 64.81 62.02 50.27 53.71 51.99
49 82.95 80.36 81.66 58.19 58.06 58.13
57 54.70 50.00 52.35 51.67 52.61 52.14
60 55.12 52.63 53.88 50.33 50.68 50.51
69 73.01 72.22 72.62 51.90 60.75 56.33
基因型
Gene type		 编号
Code		 相对发芽率 Relative germination rate (%) 相对发芽指数 Relative germination index (%)
2016 2017 Mean 2016 2017 Mean
敏感 3 28.55 31.47 30.01 33.36 31.33 32.35
Sensitive 4 31.41 32.73 32.07 40.62 34.00 37.31
5 48.11 37.50 42.81 42.97 40.00 41.49
6 43.18 43.63 43.41 31.59 29.32 30.46
7 16.67 21.81 19.24 36.85 27.72 32.29
8 29.27 29.82 29.55 31.91 32.17 32.04
11 41.18 33.33 37.26 20.61 23.27 21.94
12 40.37 38.89 39.63 36.89 34.07 35.48
13 30.68 29.63 30.16 23.95 24.78 24.37
14 33.93 41.81 37.87 49.76 47.43 48.60
16 36.01 33.93 34.97 38.36 35.65 37.01
17 28.84 27.78 28.31 35.59 34.87 35.23
18 30.80 32.73 31.77 23.17 27.10 25.14
19 29.41 32.68 31.05 35.57 33.08 34.33
20 22.88 28.84 25.86 37.53 38.47 38.00
21 22.22 21.82 22.02 29.78 28.45 29.12
22 26.39 25.92 26.16 25.62 27.28 26.45
26 37.71 35.71 36.71 23.47 23.72 23.60
27 36.19 36.84 36.52 31.32 29.26 30.29
28 35.69 29.82 32.76 20.67 21.30 20.99
29 35.90 34.55 35.23 21.16 21.12 21.14
30 49.95 46.55 48.25 27.91 30.77 29.34
35 41.18 31.48 36.33 34.88 31.58 33.23
42 39.34 33.93 36.64 31.05 32.78 31.92
43 47.51 48.28 47.90 40.62 39.76 40.19
45 21.05 38.18 29.62 21.64 25.45 23.55
48 39.64 33.33 36.49 29.29 30.76 30.03
51 29.67 30.35 30.01 28.36 25.78 27.07
52 26.32 21.43 23.88 25.14 24.19 24.67
53 16.67 30.90 23.79 36.80 34.28 35.54
54 28.79 29.82 29.31 19.77 19.86 19.82
55 24.97 36.36 30.67 20.66 22.69 21.68
58 48.23 49.13 48.68 32.72 38.17 35.45
59 24.53 29.82 27.18 40.78 34.90 37.84
61 35.69 34.55 35.12 35.37 34.58 34.98
62 15.79 15.25 15.52 36.80 21.39 29.10
65 33.37 35.71 34.54 29.35 30.18 29.77
66 32.64 30.90 31.77 29.48 23.86 26.67
67 43.18 47.26 45.22 34.22 28.71 31.47
68 33.33 33.93 33.63 27.82 31.45 29.64
70 36.19 33.90 35.05 25.21 26.44 25.83
71 48.23 50.00 49.12 37.68 37.61 37.65
72 16.08 21.82 18.95 30.50 30.58 30.54
高感 31 8.20 11.76 9.98 18.20 16.90 17.55
High-sensitive 56 6.82 6.90 6.86 16.09 9.64 12.87

图2

引物A06B209在72份花生品种中的扩增"

表3

90个SSR标记的遗传参数"

项目
Item		 等位基因数Allele number (Na) 主基因频率
Major allele frequency
(MAF)		 基因多样性指数
Gene diversity
(GD)		 多态信息含量指数
Polymorphism information content (PIC)		 Shannon’s信息指数
Shannon’s information index (I)
最大值 Max 8 0.8986 0.7711 0.7378 1.6734
最小值 Min 2 0.2917 0.1823 0.1657 0.3283
合计 Total 317
平均值 Mean 3.5222 0.6834 0.4537 0.4047 0.8092

图3

基于SSR标记的72份山西花生地方品种的聚类分析图"

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