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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4): 577-586.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04131
• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 下一篇
王恒波(
), 陈姝琦, 郭晋隆, 阙友雄*()
WANG Heng-Bo(), CHEN Shu-Qi, GUO Jin-Long, QUE You-Xiong*()
摘要：
甘蔗黄锈病是屈恩柄锈菌(Puccinia kuehnii Butler)引起的一种世界性真菌病害, 导致产量减少和糖分降低, 给甘蔗产业造成严重损失。本研究采用抗黄锈病分子标记G1, 检测我国和世界上重要的甘蔗栽培品种、野生种和近缘属的抗黄锈病基因, 并对扩增的代表性特异条带进行克隆测序、功能注释和聚类分析, 推测其抗性基因的起源和进化。G1检测结果表明, 国内124份甘蔗栽培品种检测到G1标记的有83份, 占66.9%; 国外46份甘蔗栽培品种检测到G1标记的有31份, 占67.4%。34份甘蔗野生种和近缘属中检测到G1标记的有17份, 占50%, 其中割手密种含有该基因比例最高, 为100%。功能注释揭示, G1标记的候选基因编码一种细胞壁连接的类受体激酶, 并在甘蔗栽培品种的单倍体蛋白组数据库中鉴定到3个相似度较高的蛋白, 这些蛋白都有细胞壁受体激酶结构的胞外域、跨膜域和激酶活性的胞内域。聚类结果则清晰展示了抗病候选基因的起源及进化关系, 具体可分为3组, 第1组来源于割手密种和大茎野生种; 第2组来源于大茎野生种、热带种和河八王属; 第3组来源于割手密种、大茎野生种、中国种和栽培品种。研究结果为抗黄锈病甘蔗品种的选育提供重要的抗源支撑, 并为抗性分子机制的解析奠定基础。
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