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作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1188-1196.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.01053

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦株高QTL Qph.nau-5B的效应评价

韩玉洲1(), 张勇*(), 杨阳1, 顾正中2, 吴科3, 谢全1,*(), 孔忠新1,*(), 贾海燕1, 马正强1   

  1. 1南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室, 江苏南京 210095
    2淮安市农业科学研究院, 江苏淮安 223001
    3泰安市农业科学研究院, 山东泰安 271000
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-27 接受日期:2020-12-01 出版日期:2021-06-12 网络出版日期:2020-12-31
  • 通讯作者: 张勇,谢全,孔忠新
  • 作者简介:韩玉洲, E-mail: 2016101115@njau.edu.cn;|张勇, E-mail: 2017101102@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0100402);国家自然科学基金项目(31801354);国家自然科学基金项目(31871620);江苏省“双创计划”资助

Effect evaluation of QTL Qph.nau-5B controlling plant height in wheat

HAN Yu-Zhou1(), ZHANG Yong*(), YANG Yang1, GU Zheng-Zhong2, WU Ke3, XIE Quan1,*(), KONG Zhong-Xin1,*(), JIA Hai-Yan1, MA Zheng-Qiang1   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
    2Huai’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huai’an 223001, Jiangsu, China
    3Tai’an Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tai’an 271000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2020-06-27 Accepted:2020-12-01 Published:2021-06-12 Published online:2020-12-31
  • Contact: ZHANG Yong,XIE Quan,KONG Zhong-Xin
  • Supported by:
    The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100402);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801354);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871620);The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talents Program of Jiangsu

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摘要：

株高直接影响小麦的产量潜力, 也是植株抗倒伏性的重要组成部分。目前虽有大量株高相关QTL被鉴定到, 但大多QTL的遗传效应仍不清楚。本研究前期利用小麦品种群体, 通过关联分析鉴定到一个小麦株高主效QTL Qph.nau-5B。为了评价该QTL的效应, 通过分子标记辅助选择分别构建了以南大2419、吉春1016和郑麦9023为供体亲本, 中优9507为背景的3种等位变异的近等基因系, 背景回复率均高于93%。在7个独立的试验环境中, 所有近等基因系的株高较轮回亲本均显著降低, 平均降幅为11.1 cm (10.3%)。Qph.nau-5B不同等位变异效应强弱不同, 其中来源于吉春1016和郑麦9023的等位变异平均降秆效应相似(12.4 cm), 显著大于南大2419的等位变异(8.6 cm), 但各等位变异相对降秆效应大小受环境影响。此外, Qph.nau-5B对单株穗数、穗长、千粒重等农艺性状无明显负效应。本研究结果表明Qph.nau-5B具有重要的育种价值, 可为小麦的株型分子设计育种提供基因资源。

关键词: 小麦, 株高, QTL, Qph.nau-5B, 近等基因系, 分子标记辅助选择

Abstract:

Plant height affects directly the yield potential of wheat, and constitutes an important component of plant resistance to lodging. Although a large number of QTLs for plant height were detected, most of them have not been evaluated for their genetic effects yet. In the previous study, a major QTL Qph.nau-5B controlling wheat plant height was identified through association mapping in wheat variety collection. To evaluate the dwarfing effect of this QTL, three near-isogenic lines (NILs) with different alleles of Qph.nau-5B were developed using marker-assisted selection with Nanda 2419, Jichun 1016, and Zhengmai 9023 as donor and Zhongyou 9507 as receptor. The recipient genome compositions of these NILs were higher than 93%. Seven independent field trials were conducted and revealed that, compared with the recurrent parent, all NILs indicated a significant decrease in plant height (11.1 cm or 10.3% on average). Three alleles of Qph.nau-5B showed different degrees of dwarfing effects. The alleles coming from Jichun 1016 and Zhengmai 9023 displayed a similar effect on plant height (12.4 cm) in all environments, stronger than that of Nanda 2419 (8.6 cm). However, the relative dwarfism effects of different alleles were affected by different environments. Further analysis elucidated that this QTL had little detrimental influence on other agronomical traits such as spike number per plant, spike length and 1000-grain weight. These results suggested the breeding value of Qph.nau-5B that would be utilized for molecular design breeding of plant architecture in wheat.

Key words: wheat (Triticum aestivum), plant height, QTL, Qph.nau-5B, near-isogenic lines (NILs), marker-assisted selection

表1

Qph.nau-5B近等基因系的亲本、世代与背景回复率"

近等基因系
NILs		 供体亲本
Donor parents		 轮回亲本
Recurrent parent		 世代
Generation		 背景回复率
Recipient genome composition (%)
NIL-ND 南大2419 Nanda 2419 中优9507 Zhongyou 9507 BC4F2 96.8
NIL-JC 吉春1016 Jichun 1016 中优9507 Zhongyou 9507 BC4F2 93.3
NIL-ZM 郑麦9023 Zhengmai 9023 中优9507 Zhongyou 9507 BC4F2 98.4

表2

不同变异因子对株高的影响"

变异因子 Variation factors F值 F-value P值 P-value
基因型 Genotype 113.95 <0.0001
环境 Environment 218.02 <0.0001
基因型 × 环境 Genotype × Environment 5.58 <0.0001

图1

Qph.nau-5B不同等位变异近等基因系及其轮回亲本的株高 A: 7个环境株高平均表现; B~H: 单环境株高表现; ZY: 轮回亲本中优9507。柱形图上方不同小写字母表示在P = 0.05水平上差异显著。"

表3

Qph.nau-5B不同等位变异近等基因系及其轮回亲本的单株穗数"

株系Line 2017HA 2018HA 2019HA 2018JP 2019LH 2017TA 2018TA
中优9507 Zhongyou 9507 9.2±0.5 6.3±0.7 6.8±0.3 6.3±0.4 6.9±0.4 22.9±1.0 14.6±0.1
NIL-ND 8.7±0.3 6.0±0.7 7.8±2.4 5.2±0.4 — 21.4±0.9 15.6±1.3
NIL-JC 9.0±0.5 5.8±0.4 — 6.2±0.1 5.8±0.1 — 14.8±0.4
NIL-ZM 8.1±0.4 5.7±1.5 7.4±0.7 6.3±0.4 6.6±0.0 19.5±0.8* 15.6±0.4

表4

Qph.nau-5B不同等位变异近等基因系及其轮回亲本的穗长"

株系Line 2017HA 2018HA 2019HA 2018JP 2019LH 2017TA 2018TA
中优9507 Zhongyou 9507 9.7±0.1 9.1±0.1 10.5±0.1 9.7±0.1 10.8±0.2 11.3±0.2 9.9±0.1
NIL-ND 9.8±0.1 9.1±0.1 10.8±0.1 9.9±0.5 10.8±0.0 11.6±0.2 9.6±0.3
NIL-JC 10.3±0.2** 10.7±0.1** — 10.4±0.9 11.9±0.3* — 10.0±0.3
NIL-ZM 9.4±0.2 — 10.8±0.4 9.6±0.2 10.8±0.5 11.7±0.2 9.9±0.3

表5

Qph.nau-5B不同等位变异近等基因系及其轮回亲本的千粒重"

株系Line 2017HA 2018HA 2019HA 2018JP 2019LH 2017TA 2018TA
中优9507 Zhongyou 9507 52.4±0.4 51.7±1.1 49.2±0.0 51.4±3.0 51.1±0.6 59.1±0.8 53.7±1.1
NIL-ND 51.9±0.4 50.4±0.9 49.1±4.8 52.0±3.0 50.6±1.3 57.1±0.7 50.6±0.4*
NIL-JC — 53.3±0.8 52.8±1.7* 54.6±1.7 53.9±0.4 54.4±0.9* 49.1±2.1**
NIL-ZM 52.9±0.8 54.8±1.7* 50.6±1.1 53.7±1.4 52.6±0.6 56.9±0.4 51.4±1.2
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