作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 1259-1274.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.04183
王琰琰1, 王俊2, 刘国祥1, 钟秋2, 张华述2, 骆铮珍2, 陈志华3, 戴培刚1, 佟英1, 李媛1, 蒋勋1, 张兴伟1,*(), 杨爱国1,*()
WANG Yan-Yan1, WANG Jun2, LIU Guo-Xiang1, ZHONG Qiu2, ZHANG Hua-Shu2, LUO Zheng-Zhen2, CHEN Zhi-Hua3, DAI Pei-Gang1, TONG Ying1, LI Yuan1, JIANG Xun1, ZHANG Xing-Wei1,*(), YANG Ai-Guo1,*()
摘要:
为从分子水平研究我国雪茄烟种质资源的遗传多样性差异并建立雪茄烟品种的DNA指纹图谱数据库, 本研究利用43对多态性好的SSR引物对220份雪茄烟种质进行遗传多样性分析, 筛选出14对核心引物对雪茄烟种质进行指纹图谱的构建。结果表明, 43对SSR引物在220份雪茄烟种质材料中共扩增出243个等位基因, 平均每个标记5.65个, 变幅为2~13, 每个位点的多态性信息量(polymorphism information content, PIC)变化为0.2078~0.9087, 平均为0.6360。有效等位基因数(number of effective alleles, Ne)范围为1.3081~11.7876, 平均有效等位基因数为3.9077; 观测杂合度(observed heterozygosity, Ho)变化范围为0.0828~0.7639, 平均为0.3191; 预期杂合度(expected heterozygosity, He)的变化范围为0.2361~0.9172, 平均为0.6809; 种群平均Shannon遗传多样性指数(Shannon genetic diversity index, I)为1.3756, 遗传距离在0.0233~0.9286之间, 平均遗传距离0.6816。聚类分析表明, 在遗传距离为0.74处, 可将供试雪茄烟资源分为3个类群。Structure群体遗传结构分析和主成分分析将所有的供试材料划分为2个类群。根据引物的分析和表型鉴定结果, 确定良种、辅善和满耳朵, 山东大叶和牡丹江05-1, Florida 513和CA0701为异名同种, 一个品种保留一份种质, 剩余216份不同种质。从43对SSR引物中筛选出14对可区分所有供试材料的SSR引物作为核心引物构建了216个雪茄烟品种的指纹图谱。我国雪茄烟种质资源具有较高水平的遗传多样性, 本研究构建的雪茄烟种质资源SSR指纹图谱库及遗传分析的结果在分子水平上为筛选、鉴定优质雪茄烟种质资源、挖掘重要基因以及拓宽雪茄烟遗传育种基础等工作提供科学依据。
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