植物体细胞胚胎发生的分子机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.24103

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物细胞的全能性是指每个细胞均具有该植物的全部遗传信息, 其离体组织或细胞在适当培养条件下具有发育成完整植株的潜能。植物体细胞胚胎发生是最能体现植物细胞全能性的一种方式, 其在人工种子、单倍体育种、无性繁殖和种质保存等领域具有广阔的应用前景, 其发生的机制也是基础研究领域的热点。近年来, 随着技术的进步及研究的深入, 植物体细胞胚胎发生的分子调控机制取得了重要进展。植物体细胞胚胎发生是一系列基因在时空顺序上表达调控的结果。本文系统综述了体细胞胚胎发生过程中激素及逆境胁迫信号转导、胚胎发育相关转录因子、胞外蛋白和表观遗传调控的作用, 并对本领域未来的研究重点及方向进行了展望。

关键词: 体细胞胚胎发生, 激素及逆境胁迫信号转导, 转录因子, 表观遗传修饰

Abstract:

Plant cell totipotency refers to that each cell has all the genetic information of the plant, and in vitro tissues or cells has the potential to develop into a whole plant under appropriate culture conditions. Somatic embryogenesis is the most efficient way to reflect the totipotency of plant cells. It has broad application prospects in the fields of artificial seeds, haploid breeding, asexual reproduction, and germplasm preservation, and its mechanism is also a hotspot in basic research. In recent years, with the development of technology and in-depth research, the molecular regulation mechanism of plant somatic embryogenesis has made important progress. Plant somatic embryogenesis is the result of the expression and regulation of a series of genes in spatiotemporal order. In this review, we systematically reviewed the roles of hormones and stress signal transduction, embryonic development related transcription factors, extracellular proteins, and epigenetic regulation in somatic embryogenesis, and prospected future research priorities and directions in this field.

Key words: somatic embryogenesis, hormone and stress signaling transduction pathways, transcription factor, epigenetic regulation

韩贝, 孙思敏, 孙伟男, 杨细燕, 张献龙. 植物体细胞胚胎发生的分子机制[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(2): 299-309.

HAN Bei, SUN Si-Min, SUN Wei-Nan, YANG Xi-Yan, ZHANG Xian-Long. Molecular mechanisms of somatic embryogenesis in plants[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(2): 299-309.

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