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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 1316-1326.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.21037

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response on light energy utilization and water production benefit of spring wheat to straw retention in an oasis irrigated area

LI Pan(), CHEN Gui-Ping, GOU Zhi-Wen, YIN Wen(), FAN Zhi-Long, HU Fa-Long, FAN Hong, CHAI Qiang   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science/College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2022-05-22 Accepted:2022-09-05 Online:2023-05-12 Published:2022-09-19
  • Contact: *E-mail: yinwen@gsau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101857);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20218);Gansu Provincial Scientific Project of Colleges and Universities(2021B-134);Fuxi Young Talents Fund of Gansu Agricultural University(Gaufx-03Y10);Important talent of Gansu province(204197083016);Young Science and Technology Talents Supporting Project of Gansu Science and Technology Association(2020-12)

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Abstract:

Traditional tillage crop production pattern often leads to the waste of light resources and low benefit of water production. The response of light use efficiency, irrigation water productivity, and economic benefits of spring wheat to different straw retention patterns, which providing the theoretical and practical basis for production technologies for farmland resources use efficiency. A field experiment was conducted with various straw retention operations in Wuwei Oasis agricultural base of a typical oasis irrigation region in Gansu province during 2014-2016. Wheat straw retention operations included four treatments [no tillage with 25-30 cm long straw mulching (NTSM), no tillage with 25-30 cm high straw standing (NTSS), conventional tillage with 25-30 cm long straw incorporation (CTS), and conventional tillage with no straw retention (CT, the control)]. The objective of this study is to provide the basis for screening the suitable straw returning method for spring wheat production in this region. The results indicated that, compared with CT, straw retention (NTSM, NTSS, and CTS) improved the mean leaf area index (MLAI) by 14.6%-17.2%, 10.4-11.9%, 7.3%-9.4%, and improved total leaf area duration (LAI-D) by 14.6%-17.6%, 9.2%-12.3%, 8.3%-9.8%, respectively. Compared with NTSS, NTSM improved MLAI and LAI-D by 6.6%-7.1% and 5.9%-7.2%, respectively, which facilitating the expansion of photosynthetic sources in spring wheat. Compared with CT, NTSM and NTSS reduced MLAI and LAI-D by 6.1%-7.6%, 4.6%-9.8%, 6.0%-7.6%, and 8.1%-10.4% before booting stage of spring wheat, respectively. On the contrary, NTSM and NTSS improved MLAI after booting stage of spring wheat by 38.9%-45.1% and 30.7%-32.6%, respectively, and LAI-D from filling stage to full-riping stage of spring wheat was improved by 37.0%-47.5% and 28.6%-33.9%, respectively, compared with CT. NTSM effectively regulated the photosynthetic source dynamics during the growth period of spring wheat and facilitated post-flowering grain filling. Compared with CT, NTSM, NTSS, and CTS increased grain yield of spring wheat by 18.6%-27.3%, 16.6%-24.9%, and 10.2%-18.7%, respectively, increased light use efficiency by 7.8%-12.2%, 6.5%-11.2%, and 6.2%-8.4%, respectively, increased water use efficiency per cubic meter irrigation water by 18.6%-27.3%, 16.6%-24.9%, and 10.2%-18.7%, respectively. NTSM had the advantage of efficient utilization of soil water and heat resources by increasing grain yield and improving water and heat use efficiency to a greater extent. Meanwhile, NTSM and NTSS reduced the total inputs by 6.5%-7.3%, increased total output by 11.4%-19.3% and 8.6%-17.2%, and increased net income by 32.2%- 41.5% and 27.8%-37.6%, compared with CT, respectively. SM had a higher input-output ratio and benefit per cubic meter irrigation water due to less resource input and higher economic benefits. Compared with CTS and CTNT, NTSM increased input-output ratio by 14.2%-16.9% and 19.1%-28.8%, and increased benefit per cubic meter irrigation water by 16.5%-23.1% and 32.2%-41.5%, respectively. Therefore, no tillage with 25-30 cm long straw mulching was the ideal way of straw retention to improve light energy utilization and water production benefit of spring wheat in Hexi oasis irrigated region.

Key words: straw retention, no tillage, light energy utilization, economic benefits, irrigation water production efficiency

Fig. 1

Response on mean leaf area index and dynamics of leaf area index of spring wheat to straw retention patterns NTSM: no tillage with 25-30 cm long straw mulching; NTSS: no tillage with 25-30 cm high straw standing; CTS: conventional tillage with 25-30 cm long straw incorporation; CT: conventional tillage with no straw retention. Different lowercase letters in the same year mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level among treatments."

Table 1

Differences in leaf area duration (LAI-D) of spring wheat at each growth stage under different straw retention patterns"

年份
Year		 处理Treatment 小麦生育阶段 Wheat growth stage
拔节-孕穗期Jointing booting 孕穗-抽穗期Booting heading 抽穗-灌浆期Heading filling 灌浆-蜡熟期Filling doughing 蜡熟-完熟期Doughing maturing 总和
Total
2014 NTSM 46.09 b 80.42 a 89.85 a 59.31 a 19.21 a 294.87 a
NTSS 44.95 b 77.29 ab 85.54 b 55.48 b 17.78 b 281.04 ab
CTS 50.11 a 80.19 a 81.80 c 51.30 c 14.45 c 277.85 b
CT 49.86 a 75.37 b 74.52 d 45.06 d 11.43 d 256.24 c
2015 NTSM 46.66 b 72.60 a 93.07 a 58.57 a 25.69 a 296.58 a
NTSS 46.42 b 70.97 ab 89.24 ab 53.91 b 22.60 b 283.15 ab
CTS 51.97 a 73.21 a 84.41 b 49.04 c 18.06 c 276.69 b
CT 50.48 a 67.63 b 76.84 c 43.13 d 14.01 d 252.09 c
2016 NTSM 41.29 bc 90.77 a 113.58 a 56.69 a 17.82 a 320.16 a
NTSS 39.39 c 86.69 b 109.10 b 53.55 ab 16.39 b 305.12 ab
CTS 44.62 a 90.79 a 104.12 c 49.15 c 13.69 c 302.37 ab
CT 43.95 ab 85.70 b 95.26 d 43.36 d 11.03 d 279.29 b

Table 2

Grain yield and economic benefits of spring wheat under different straw retention patterns"

年份Year 处理Treatment 产量 Yield (kg hm-2) 产值
Output
(Yuan hm-2)		 投入Cost (Yuan hm-2) 纯收益
Net return
(Yuan hm-2)		 产投比Input-output ratio
籽粒
Grain		 秸秆
Straw		 劳动力与机械
Labor and
machinery		 农资Agricultural
materials		 总和Total
2014 NTSM 7618 a 10297 a 19503 a 2625 b 5353 a 7978 b 11525 a 2.44 a
NTSS 7369 a 10019 a 18849 a 2625 b 5353 a 7978 b 10871 b 2.36 a
CTS 6957 b 10421 a 17941 b 3225 a 5353 a 8578 a 9363 c 2.09 b
CT 6275 c 10123 a 17085 c 3225 a 5353 a 8578 a 8507 d 1.99 c
2015 NTSM 7203 a 9598 a 18366 a 3075 b 5217 a 8292 b 10074 a 2.21 a
NTSS 7079 a 9598 a 18069 a 3075 b 5217 a 8292 b 9777 a 2.18 a
CTS 6690 b 9903 a 17197 b 3650 a 5217 a 8867 a 8330 b 1.94 b
CT 6071 c 9598 a 16486 c 3650 a 5217 a 8867 a 7619 c 1.86 c
2016 NTSM 8035 a 10876 a 20619 a 2025 b 5243 a 7268 b 13351 a 2.84 a
NTSS 7886 ab 10862 a 20259 ab 2025 b 5243 a 7268 b 12991 a 2.79 a
CTS 7492 b 10811 a 19303 b 2600 a 5243 a 7843 a 11460 b 2.46 b
CT 6313 c 10642 a 17281 c 2600 a 5243 a 7843 a 9438 c 2.20 c

Fig. 2

Light use efficiency (LUE) of spring wheat under different straw retention patterns Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1. Different lowercase letters in the same year mean significant difference at the 0.05 probability level among treatments."

Fig. 3

Water use efficiency and benefit per cubic meter irrigation water of spring wheat with different straw retention patterns Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 1. Different lowercase letters in the same year mean significant differentce at the 0.05 probability level among treatments."

Fig. 4

Relationships of leaf area duration (LAI-D) with grain yield and light use efficiency in spring wheat"

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