Table 1

Chromatographic elution gradient table"

Fig. 1

Standard curves of the four types of hormone SA: salicylic acid; IAA: indole-3-acetic acid; ABA: abscisic acid; JA: jasmonic acid."

Table 2

Orthogonal design table"

Table 3

Six hormone extraction methods"

Fig. 2

Phytohormone recovery effect in E3 leaves under single factor conditions Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. A-D represent the recovery concentrations of four hormones in E3 leaves treated with different organic phase ratios, ultrasound time, acidification degree, and extraction time, respectively. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between different groups as determined by ANOVA (Tukey’s Method, P < 0.05)."

Fig. 3

Orthogonal experiment on the extraction of four hormones Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. A-D represent the contents of ABA, IAA, JA, and SA in E3 leaves under different treatments. On the horizontal axis, A1, A2 and A3 represent the organic phase proportions of 80%, 90%, and 100%, respectively; B1, B2 and B3 are ultrasound 20, 25, and 30 min, respectively; C1 and C2 are acidification degrees of 0.7% and 1.0%, respectively; D1 and D2 are extraction times of 9 and 12 hours, respectively. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between different groups as determined by ANOVA (Tukey’s Method, P < 0.05)."

Table 4

Stability and repeatability of four hormones extracted by method A3B2C1D2 (%)"

Fig. 4

Comparison of extraction effect between this experimental method and other five methods Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. A-D represent the contents of IAA, ABA, SA, and JA extracted from E3 leaves using six different systems. The horizontal axes 1-6 respectively correspond to the extraction methods 1-6 in Table 3, and method 6 was the optimized method. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between different groups as determined by ANOVA (Tukey’s Method, P < 0.05)."

Fig. 5

Hormone concentrations in various tissues of Hua 1 and Zhong 5 plants Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. A-D and E-H are the contents of JA, IAA, SA, and ABA in the roots, stems, leaves, apical buds, and stolons of Hua 1 and Zhong 5, respectively. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences between different groups as determined by ANOVA (Tukey’s Method, P < 0.01)."

Fig. 6

Statistics of top bud length during the dormancy process of Hua 1 tubers A: the top bud status map of Hua 1 tuber at different temperatures, with a scale length of 1.5 cm; B: the proportion change of the number of top buds of Hua 1 tubers reaching 2 mm to the total number at different temperatures; C: the proportion of top buds reaching 5 mm in the total number of Hua 1 tubers has changed. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates."

Fig. 7

Statistics of top bud length during the dormancy process of Zhong 5 tubers A: the top bud status map of Zhong 5 tuber at different temperatures, with a scale length of 1.5 cm; B: the proportion change of the number of top buds of Zhong 5 tubers reaching 2 mm to the total number at different temperatures; C: the proportion of top buds reaching 5 mm in the total number of Zhong 5 tubers has changed. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates."

Fig. 8

Detection results of endogenous hormones in apical buds of Hua 1 and Zhong 5 during dormancy Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. A-C and D-F were the hormone contents at different storage stages of Hua 1 and Zhong 5, respectively. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three replicates."