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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (12): 2258-2265.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.02258

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Dynamic Analysis on Response of Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioning to Nitrogen Fertilizer in Wheat Cultivars with Different Plant Types

LI Guo-Qiang,TANG Liang,ZHANG Wen-Yu,CAO Wei-Xing,ZHU Yan*   

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University，Nanjing 210095，China
  • Received:2009-04-17 Revised:2009-07-25 Online:2009-12-10 Published:2009-10-13
  • Contact: ZHU Yan,E-mail:yanzhu@njau.edu.cn;Tel:025-84396565

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Abstract:

Biomass accumulation and partition in different plant organs affect the grain yield in cereal crops. Many investigators have established equations to simulate the dynamic growth and biomass accumulation of crops in various experiments using polynomial, Expolianear, Logistic, and Richard models. However, these models have limitations in some extent. The vapor pressure (VP) model has been used to quantitatively simulate the dynamic accumulation of dry matter in maize (Zea mays L.) roots and the branch number of princess flower. In this study, the VP model was introduced in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to test its applicability in simulating accumulation and partitioning of biomass. Four wheat cultivars with four plant types, respectively, were planted in 2006–2007 and 2007–2008 growing seasons under the nitrogen application levels of 75, 150, and 225 kg ha-1. Based on the dry weights of various organs at main growth stages, the Richards and VP equations tested the fitness of the biomass accumulation and partitioning in relation to accumulated growing-degree days. The results showed that with increasing nitrogen rate, the average dry matter growth rate (Ra), maximum growth rate (Rmax) and duration of the third phase (D3) increased, while the time reaching to Rmax was shortened consistently in four cultivars. In Aikang 58 (compact-short type), Huaimai 17 (loose type) and Yangmai 12 (intermediate type), the initial growth potential (R0) increased with the promotion of nitrogen rate, while the duration of early increment phase (D1) and the dry matter accumulation at Rmax (WRmax) decreased. In contrast, the R0, WRmax, and D1 of Ningmai 9 (compact-high type) exhibited an opposite pattern. In Aikang 58 and Ningmai 9, the second phase duration (D2) decreased when the nitrogen rate increased, and Yangmai 12 and Huaimai 17 had the smallest D2 value under the medium nitrogen rate. With the increase of nitrogen rate, the maximum dry matter partitioning percentage (Pmax) of leaf and spike in Huaimai 17 and Yangmai 12 as well as the maximum dry matter partitioning percentage of stem and sheath (PSmax) in Aikang 58 and Ningmai 9 decreased. In contrast, the Pmax of leaf and spike in Aikang 58 and Ningmai 9, and the PSmax in Huaimai 17 and Yangmai 12 increased accompanying with the increase of nitrogen rate. In terms of the maximum decreasing rate of dry matter partitioning percentage (MDRP) to leaf, Ningmai 9, Huaimai 17 and Yangmai 12 showed a decrease trend when nitrogen rate increased, while Aikang 58 was in an increase tendency. For the maximum increasing rate of dry matter partitioning percentage (MIRP) to spike, Aikang 58 and Ningmai 9 had a negative response to nitrogen rate and Huaimai 17 and Yangmai 12 had a positive response. Excessive application of nitrogen had negative effects on the promotion of MDRP to spike in Ningmai 9 and the reduction of MIRP to spike in Yangmai 12. No consistent effects were observed on the maximum changing rate of dry matter partitioning percentage to stem and sheath (RSimax and RSdmax). Thereby, plant types of wheat cultivars should be considered in the nitrogen application regime in practical system of cultivation techniques.

Key words: Wheat, Plant type, Nitrogen Rate, Dry matter, Accumulation and partitioning, Dynamic Analysis

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