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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (07): 1277-1285.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.01277

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Comparison of Culm Characteristics with Different Nitrogen Use Efficiencies for Rice Cultivars

LI Min1,2,HANG Hong-Cheng1,*,YANG Xiong1,GE Meng-Jie1,MA Qun1,WEI Hai-Yan1,DAI Qi-Gen1,HUO Zhong-Yang1,XU Ke1   

  1. 1 Innovation Center of Rice Technology in Yangtze Rice Valley, Ministry of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; 2 Rice Research Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550006, China
  • Received:2011-12-13 Revised:2012-04-15 Online:2012-07-12 Published:2012-05-15
  • Contact: 张洪程, E-mail: hczhang@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979220

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Abstract: The morphological and physiological characteristics of low-yielding and low N-efficiency, high-yielding and medium N-efficiency, high-yielding and high N-efficiency of rice cultivars were investigated using six representative japonica varieties under their respective optimal N application levels. The results showed that compared with low-yielding varieties, high-yielding varieties showed shorter basal 1st internodes, longer basal 6th internodes, increased plant height, larger culm diameter and wall thickness, significantly higher dry weight of stem and sheath, obviously increased K and Si content in culm and sheath, and a higher ratio of Si to N. As a result of their improved stalk physical characteristics and the different chemical compositions, the comprehensive breaking resistance of the culm of high-yielding cultivars was improved evidently, and the lodging index reduced as well. The cultivars with different N-efficiencies displayed diverse culm morphological and physiological characteristics even though they were all in one high-yielding level. Comparing with medium N-efficiency genotypes, the high N-efficiency ones had longer 4th and 5th internode lengths, increased culm wall thickness, in spite of slightly decreased culm diameter, resulted in higher dry weight and strengthened plumpness status of culm, significantly decreased content of Si in stem and sheath, decreased N content, and remarkably unchanged K content. Given these results, for the purpose of further increasing the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of the high-yielding varieties, it would be favorable to properly increase 4th and 5th internode length, thus improving top three leaves configuration, to appropriately reduce the culm diameter while increasing wall thickness and filling degree for the sake of stalk breaking resistance and transporting capability, and to properly reduce the content of Si in culm and sheath to facilitate the translocation of nitrogen.

Key words: Rice, High-yielding and high N-efficiency, Culm, Morphological characteristics

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