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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (08): 1478-1490.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01478

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Accumulation and Distribution of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium of Summer Maize under Super-High Yield Conditions

JING Li-Quan1,ZHAO Fu-Cheng1,2,WANG De-Cheng1,YUAN Jian-Hua2,LU Da-Lei1,LU Wei-Ping1,*   

  1. 1Agronomy College of Yangzhou / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River of Ministry of Agriculture / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, China;2 Dongyang Institute of Maize Research, Dongyang 322100, China; 3 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
  • Received:2012-11-15 Revised:2013-04-22 Online:2013-08-12 Published:2013-05-22
  • Contact: 陆卫平, E-mail: wplu@yzu.edu.cn, Tel: 0514-87979377

Abstract:

Establishing a high quality population is an important prerequisite to achieve high grain yield. Nitrogen (N) application is one of the most important practices in maize (Zea mays L.) production and plays a critical role in regulating population quality. To explore the effects of N application on accumulation and distribution of N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) of summer maize under the conditions of super-high yield (≥13 500 kg ha-1), we planted two maize cultivars (Suyu 20 and Xundan 20), wtih different N application levels across three years, and the highest grain yield reached to14 753 kg ha-1. The results showed that in the growth process, N, P, K accumulation increased gradually in the plants and grains of Suyu 20 and Xundan 20, and showed a curvilinear change in leaves, stems and sheatheswith a peak value at trumpeting stage and anthesis stage, respectively. The increasing of N accumulation and transfer rate in leaves at filling stage promoted the N and P accumulation of grain at mature stage, leading to super-high yield groups. In Suyu 20, yield, grain production per kg N, N agronomy efficiency, N utilization efficiency, N, P, K content in leaves, stems and sheathes were the highest at 450 kg ha-1 which were 14 753 kg ha-1, 44.0 kg, 19.24%, 38.63%, 335.4 kg ha-1, 178.2 kg ha-1, 230.7 kg ha-1, respectively. But N, P, K accumulation and yield decreased when N application level was too high or too low. According to the regression equations between N application rate and yield of two varieties, for Xundan 20 the optimal N amount was 457.0 kg ha-1, the range of optimum N was 418.5-495.4 kg ha-1, 418.3-495.7 kg ha-1 for super-high yield groups; and for Xundan 20, the optimal N was 452.7 kg ha-1, the range of optimum N was 410.8-494.6 kg ha-1

Key words: Maize, Nitrogen Application, Super-high yield, NPN, Accumulation and distribution

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