257份菊芋种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.94098

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to fully understand and effectively utilize the genetic diversity of Jerusalem artichoke accessions in China. 257 Jerusalem artichoke accessions were analyzed. Among them, 12 quantitative traits had 6%-50% of the coefficient of variation, with a mean of 24.75%, which was the highest in tuber weight per plant (50%) and the smallest in growth period (6%). The diversity index (H') of these 12 traits was 1.24-1.53, with a mean of 1.44, which was the highest in tuber number per plant (1.53) and the lowest in leaf width (1.24). The diversity index of the eight quality traits was 0.85-1.08, with a mean of 0.98, which was the highest in tuber habit and the lowest in tuber uniformity, showing rich genetic diversity in most traits. The subordinate function of 257 Jerusalem artichoke accessions was 0.12-0.58, in which the highest was in JA1095 (0.58) with the obvious advantages of flower number and tuber weight per plant. The correlation analysis of 12 quantitative traits indicated that stem diameter, leaf length, flower and disk size could be used as the main target traits for high yield Jerusalem artichoke varieties breeding in the future. The results of principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the seven principal component factors was 66.794%. Among them, the number of flowers, the tuber number per plant, the number of tuber hairs and the smoothness of tuber epidermis were the main factors contributing to the phenotypic difference of Jerusalem artichoke. By cluster analysis, 257 accessions materials were divided into five categories based on 20 traits,among them class I and class II accounted for 85% of the total germplasm resources. This results can provide an important reference for the utilization of Jerusalem artichoke accessions and variety breeding.

Key words: Jerusalem artichoke, accessions, phenotype, genetic diversity

Meng-Liang ZHAO,Li-Hui WANG,Yan-Jing REN,Xue-Mei SUN,Zhi-Qiang HOU,Shi-Peng YANG,Li LI,Qi-Wen ZHONG. Genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in 257 Jerusalem artichoke accessions[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2020, 46(5): 712-724.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Subordinate function of 12 index in 257 Jerusalem artichoke germplasm resources..."

序号 No.	种质名称 Germplasm name	来源 Origin	隶属函数均值 Subordinate function	序号 No.	种质名称 Germplasm name	来源 Origin	隶属函数均值 Subordinate function
1	JA1001	中国China	0.401	130	JA1156	中国China	0.429
2	JA1002	中国China	0.450	131	JA1157	中国China	0.521
3	JA1003	中国China	0.409	132	JA1158	中国China	0.500
4	JA1004	中国China	0.402	133	JA1159	中国China	0.388
5	JA1005	中国China	0.455	134	JA1160	中国China	0.468
6	JA1006	中国China	0.417	135	JA1161	中国China	0.356
7	JA1007	中国China	0.501	136	JA1162	中国China	0.497
8	JA1008	中国China	0.482	137	JA1163	中国China	0.449
9	JA1009	中国China	0.405	138	JA1164	中国China	0.493
10	JA1010	中国China	0.440	139	JA1165	中国China	0.458
11	JA1011	中国China	0.477	140	JA1166	中国China	0.409
12	JA1012	中国China	0.408	141	JA1167	中国China	0.395
13	JA1013	中国China	0.466	142	JA1168	中国China	0.543
14	JA1014	中国China	0.510	143	JA1169	中国China	0.501
15	JA1015	中国China	0.460	144	JA2001	丹麦Denmark	0.462
16	JA1016	中国China	0.437	145	JA2002	丹麦Denmark	0.522
17	JA1017	中国China	0.492	146	JA2003	丹麦Denmark	0.379
18	JA1018	中国China	0.375	147	JA2004	丹麦Denmark	0.392
19	JA1019	中国China	0.397	148	JA2005	丹麦Denmark	0.453
20	JA1020	中国China	0.420	149	JA2006	丹麦Denmark	0.373
21	JA1021	中国China	0.471	150	JA2007	丹麦Denmark	0.490
22	JA1022	中国China	0.455	151	JA2008	丹麦Denmark	0.410
23	JA1023	中国China	0.365	152	JA2009	丹麦Denmark	0.479
24	JA1024	中国China	0.363	153	JA2010	丹麦Denmark	0.123
25	JA1025	中国China	0.420	154	JA2011	丹麦Denmark	0.165
26	JA1026	中国China	0.341	155	JA2012	丹麦Denmark	0.180
27	JA1027	中国China	0.379	156	JA2013	丹麦Denmark	0.292
28	JA1028	中国China	0.340	157	JA2014	丹麦Denmark	0.504
29	JA1029	中国China	0.441	158	JA2015	丹麦Denmark	0.465
30	JA1030	中国China	0.517	159	JA2016	丹麦Denmark	0.446
31	JA1031	中国China	0.378	160	JA2017	法国France	0.504
32	JA1032	中国China	0.409	161	JA2018	法国France	0.478
33	JA1033	中国China	0.336	162	JA2019	法国France	0.488
34	JA1034	中国China	0.457	163	JA2020	法国France	0.456
35	JA1039	中国China	0.483	164	JA2021	法国France	0.498
36	JA1040	中国China	0.502	165	JA2022	法国France	0.496
37	JA1060	中国China	0.524	166	JA2023	法国France	0.486
38	JA1061	中国China	0.428	167	JA2024	法国France	0.459
39	JA1062	中国China	0.418	168	JA2025	法国France	0.472
40	JA1063	中国China	0.455	169	JA2026	法国France	0.452
41	JA1064	中国China	0.497	170	JA2027	法国France	0.468
42	JA1065	中国China	0.534	171	JA2028	法国France	0.358
43	JA1066	中国China	0.450	172	JA2029	法国France	0.463
44	JA1067	中国China	0.514	173	JA2030	法国France	0.459
45	JA1068	中国China	0.437	174	JA2031	法国France	0.459
46	JA1069	中国China	0.381	175	JA2032	法国France	0.472
47	JA1070	中国China	0.419	176	JA2033	法国France	0.483
48	JA1071	中国China	0.434	177	JA2034	法国France	0.564
49	JA1072	中国China	0.473	178	JA2035	法国France	0.306
50	JA1073	中国China	0.451	179	JA2036	法国France	0.472
51	JA1074	中国China	0.498	180	JA2037	法国France	0.423
52	JA1075	中国China	0.486	181	JA2038	法国France	0.490
53	JA1076	中国China	0.498	182	JA2039	法国France	0.378
54	JA1077	中国China	0.491	183	JA2040	法国France	0.481
55	JA1078	中国China	0.447	184	JA2041	法国France	0.447
56	JA1079	中国China	0.530	185	JA2042	法国France	0.409
57	JA1080	中国China	0.449	186	JA2043	法国France	0.437
58	JA1081	中国China	0.540	187	JA2044	泰国Thailand	0.383
59	JA1082	中国China	0.377	188	JA2046	泰国Thailand	0.382
60	JA1083	中国China	0.438	189	JA2047	泰国Thailand	0.528
61	JA1084	中国China	0.442	190	JA2048	泰国Thailand	0.387
62	JA1085	中国China	0.491	191	JA2049	泰国Thailand	0.471
63	JA1086	中国China	0.485	192	JA2050	泰国Thailand	0.328
64	JA1087	中国China	0.559	193	JA2051	泰国Thailand	0.524
65	JA1088	中国China	0.478	194	JA2052	泰国Thailand	0.537
66	JA1089	中国China	0.505	195	JA2053	泰国Thailand	0.290
67	JA1090	中国China	0.448	196	JA2054	泰国Thailand	0.437
68	JA1091	中国China	0.449	197	JA2055	泰国Thailand	0.469
69	JA1092	中国China	0.482	198	JA2056	泰国Thailand	0.421
70	JA1093	中国China	0.475	199	JA2057	泰国Thailand	0.384
71	JA1094	中国China	0.436	200	JA2058	泰国Thailand	0.446
72	JA1095	中国China	0.580	201	JA2059	泰国Thailand	0.330
73	JA1096	中国China	0.507	202	JA2060	泰国Thailand	0.458
74	JA1097	中国China	0.463	203	JA2061	泰国Thailand	0.263
75	JA1098	中国China	0.493	204	JA2062	泰国Thailand	0.329
76	JA1099	中国China	0.504	205	JA2063	泰国Thailand	0.342
77	JA1100	中国China	0.449	206	JA2064	泰国Thailand	0.373
78	JA1101	中国China	0.419	207	JA2065	泰国Thailand	0.362
79	JA1102	中国China	0.475	208	JA2066	泰国Thailand	0.286
80	JA1103	中国China	0.488	209	JA2067	泰国Thailand	0.410
81	JA1104	中国China	0.462	210	JA2068	泰国Thailand	0.355
82	JA1105	中国China	0.517	211	JA2069	泰国Thailand	0.340
83	JA1106	中国China	0.394	212	JA2070	泰国Thailand	0.468
84	JA1108	中国China	0.445	213	JA2071	泰国Thailand	0.390
85	JA1109	中国China	0.426	214	JA2072	加拿大Canada	0.506
86	JA1111	中国China	0.460	215	JA2074	中国China	0.474
87	JA1112	中国China	0.514	216	JA2076	中国China	0.445
88	JA1113	中国China	0.427	217	JA2077	中国China	0.434
89	JA1114	中国China	0.428	218	JA2080	中国China	0.514
90	JA1115	中国China	0.376	219	JA3001	中国China	0.417
91	JA1116	中国China	0.452	220	JA3003	中国China	0.496
92	JA1117	中国China	0.488	221	JA3013	中国China	0.435
93	JA1118	中国China	0.485	222	JA3014	中国China	0.445
94	JA1119	中国China	0.445	223	JA3021	中国China	0.551
95	JA1120	中国China	0.485	224	JA3022	中国China	0.494
96	JA1121	中国China	0.454	225	JA3034	中国China	0.386
97	JA1122	中国China	0.464	226	JA3035	中国China	0.395
98	JA1123	中国China	0.451	227	JA3036	中国China	0.391
99	JA1124	中国China	0.423	228	JA3052	中国China	0.459
100	JA1125	中国China	0.485	229	JA3053	中国China	0.481
101	JA1126	中国China	0.432	230	JA3055	中国China	0.416
102	JA1127	中国China	0.393	231	JA3061	中国China	0.380
103	JA1128	中国China	0.457	232	JA3062	中国China	0.425
104	JA1129	中国China	0.511	233	JA3063	中国China	0.349
105	JA1130	中国China	0.456	234	JA3065	中国China	0.404
106	JA1131	中国China	0.443	235	JA3071	中国China	0.441
107	JA1132	中国China	0.532	236	JA3073	中国China	0.468
108	JA1133	中国China	0.382	237	JA3082	中国China	0.342
109	JA1134	中国China	0.465	238	JA3087	中国China	0.396
110	JA1136	中国China	0.430	239	JA3088	中国China	0.439
111	JA1137	中国China	0.339	240	JA3090	中国China	0.448
112	JA1138	中国China	0.480	241	JA4001	中国China	0.445
113	JA1139	中国China	0.480	242	JA4002	中国China	0.447
114	JA1140	中国China	0.422	243	JA4003	中国China	0.363
115	JA1141	中国China	0.522	244	JA4004	中国China	0.353
116	JA1142	中国China	0.480	245	JA4005	中国China	0.403
117	JA1143	中国China	0.520	246	JA4006	中国China	0.457
118	JA1144	中国China	0.215	247	JA4007	中国China	0.463
119	JA1145	中国China	0.481	248	JA4008	中国China	0.388
120	JA1146	中国China	0.495	249	JA4009	中国China	0.407
121	JA1147	中国China	0.487	250	JA4010	中国China	0.484
122	JA1148	中国China	0.506	251	JA2082	中国China	0.467
123	JA1149	中国China	0.401	252	JA3091	中国China	0.482
124	JA1150	中国China	0.522	253	JA3092	中国China	0.396
125	JA1151	中国China	0.405	254	JA3094	中国China	0.325
126	JA1152	中国China	0.454	255	JA3095	中国China	0.329
127	JA1153	中国China	0.491	256	JA4011	中国China	0.444
128	JA1154	中国China	0.473	257	JA4012	中国China	0.439
129	JA1155	中国China	0.383

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

Principle components analysis of morphological traits of Jerusalem artichoke germplasm resources..."

	主成分特征 Eigenvector of the principal component
	PC₁	PC₂	PC₃	PC₄	PC₅	PC₆	PC₇
生育期Growing period duration	0.133	-0.007	0.144	0.131	-0.268	0.097	-0.249
株高Plant height	0.138	0.192	0.190	0.063	0.102	-0.118	0.015
茎粗Stem thickness	0.178	-0.027	0.188	-0.010	-0.134	0.145	0.006
分枝数Branch number	0.063	0.020	-0.308	0.186	0.165	-0.237	0.018
叶长Leaf length	0.172	0.164	0.143	-0.028	-0.001	-0.142	0.141
叶宽Leaf width	0.155	0.225	0.118	0.040	0.073	-0.157	-0.044
花大小Flower size	0.134	0.064	-0.166	0.173	-0.213	0.143	0.345
花盘大小Disk size	-0.112	0.059	0.183	-0.054	-0.020	0.169	0.254
花数量Number of flower	0.025	0.095	-0.177	0.062	0.127	0.355	0.606
块茎习性Tuber habits	-0.098	0.065	0.078	0.259	-0.100	0.045	-0.246
块茎毛根量Number of tuber root	-0.028	0.001	-0.088	0.340	-0.458	-0.110	0.104
块茎大小整齐度Size uniformity	-0.103	-0.097	0.287	0.211	0.128	0.010	0.260
块茎形状Tuber shape	-0.051	-0.136	0.278	0.290	0.169	0.002	0.208
单株块茎数Tuber number per plant	-0.009	0.042	-0.092	0.384	0.421	0.145	-0.290
单株块茎重Tuber weight per plant	0.183	-0.137	-0.058	0.146	0.227	0.118	-0.130
块茎形状整齐度Shape uniformity	0.035	-0.207	0.017	-0.123	0.229	-0.267	0.173
块茎表皮光滑度Tuber skin smoothness	0.027	0.084	0.023	-0.155	0.130	0.621	-0.185
块茎皮色Tuber skin color	-0.024	0.225	-0.008	-0.057	0.207	-0.243	0.096
干物质率Dry matter rate	-0.142	0.238	0.052	-0.011	0.070	-0.062	-0.012
单果重Single fruit weight	0.168	-0.182	0.057	-0.086	0.072	-0.046	0.090
特征值Eigenvalue	3.763	2.664	1.976	1.600	1.234	1.122	1.000
方差贡献率Variance contribution	18.816	13.318	9.878	7.998	6.170	5.612	5.001
累计贡献率Accumulative contribution	18.816	32.134	42.012	50.010	56.180	62.350	67.960

Table 6

Supplementary Fig. 1

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形态形状 Morphological character	级别 Grade	赋值标准 Assignment criterion
块茎毛根量 Number of tuber root	多More	1
	中Middle	2
	少Few	3
大小整齐度 Size uniformity	整齐Regular	1
	较整齐Little orderly	2
	不整齐Irregular	3
形状整齐度 Shape uniformity	整齐Regular	1
	较整齐Little orderly	2
	不整齐Irregular	3
块茎皮色 Tuber skin color	白或黄White or yellow	1
	粉Pink	2
	浅紫Light purple	3
	紫色Purple	4
花数量 Number of flowers	少Few	1
	中Middle	2
	多More	3
块茎习性 Tuber habits	集中Concentrate	1
	较集中Little concentrate	2
	分散Disperse	3
块茎皮光滑度 Tuber skin smoothness	光滑Smooth	1
	较光滑Little smooth	2
	不光滑Rough	3
块茎形状 Tuber shape	纺锤形Fusiform	1
	棒状Rod like	2
	瘤状Warty	3

性状 Trait	平均值 Mean	标准差 SD	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	极差 Range	变异系数 CV (%)	多样性指数 H'
生育期Plant period (d)	149.51	9.28	166	109	57	6.00	1.35
株高 Plant height (cm)	228.21	36.60	323.1	94.03	229.07	16.00	1.44
茎粗Stem thickness (mm)	24.78	4.56	37.91	11.7	26.21	18.00	1.47
分枝数Branch number	3.25	1.33	7.67	1	6.67	41.00	1.45
叶长Leaf length (cm)	22.53	2.67	30.4	11.3	19.1	12.00	1.46
叶宽Leaf width (cm)	14.67	1.95	20.1	6.2	13.9	13.00	1.24
花大小Flower size (cm)	4.66	1.40	10.80	4.66	6.14	17.00	1.50
花盘大小Disk size (mm)	12.27	2.20	20.93	7.25	13.68	18.00	1.47
单株块茎数Tuber number per plant	50.61	23.77	138	9	129	47.00	1.35
单株块茎重Tuber weight per plant (kg)	2.94	1.47	6.872	0.18	6.692	50.00	1.53
干物质率Dry matter rate	0.22	0.03	0.3072	0.1582	0.149	13.00	1.48
单果重Single fruit weight (g)	95.29	43.89	239.65	15.73	223.92	46.00	1.50

性状 Trait	级别 Grade	赋值标准 Assignment criterion	份数 Accessions	占总数的百分比Percentage (%)	多样性指数 (H°)
花数量 Number of flower	少Few	1	37	14.40	0.99
	中Middle	2	132	51.36
	多More	3	88	34.24
块茎习性 Tuber habits	集中Concentrate	1	98	38.13	1.08
	较集中Little concentrate	2	96	37.35
	分散Disperse	3	63	24.51
块茎毛根量 Number of tuber root	多More	1	55	21.40	1.04
	中Middle	2	93	36.19
	少Few	3	109	42.41
块茎大小整齐度Size uniformity	整齐Regular	1	105	40.86	0.97
	较整齐Little orderly	2	122	47.47
	不整齐Irregular	3	30	11.67
块茎形状 Tuber shape	整齐Regular	1	131	50.97	0.95
	较整齐Little orderly	2	27	10.51
	不整齐Irregular	3	99	38.52
块茎形状整齐度Shape uniformity	纺锤形Fusiform	1	78	30.35	0.85
	棒状Rod like	2	160	62.26
	瘤状Warty	3	19	7.39
块茎表皮光滑度Tuber skin smoothness	光滑Smooth	1	63	24.51	0.89
	较光滑Little smooth	2	161	62.64
	不光滑Rough	3	31	12.06
块茎皮色 Tuber skin color	白或黄White or yellow	1	161	62.64	1.06
	粉Pink	2	36	14.01
	浅紫Light purple	3	21	8.17
	紫色Purple	4	39	15.18

	生育期Growing period duration (d)	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem thickness (mm)	分枝数 Branch number	叶长 Leaf length (cm)	叶宽 Leaf width (cm)	花大小 Flower size (cm)	花盘大小Disk size (mm)	单株块茎数Tuber number per plant	单株块茎重Tuber weight per plant (kg)	干物质率 Dry matter rate	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)
生育期 Growing period duration	1
株高 Plant height	0.195^**	1
茎粗 Stem thickness	0.435^**	0.421^**	1
分枝数 Branch number	-0.028	0.050	-0.170^**	1
叶长 Leaf length	0.305^**	0.570^**	0.367^**	0.049	1
叶宽 Leaf width	0.312	0.661^**	0.322^**	0.064	0.735^**	1
花大小 Flower size	0.194^**	-0.217^**	0.249^**	0.304^**	0.280^**	0.227^**	1
花盘大小 Disk size	-0.126^*	-0.038	-0.113	-0.279^**	-0.081	-0.167^**	0.166^**	1
单株块茎数 Tuber number per plant	-0.012	0.028	-0.106	0.189^**	-0.119	0.087	0.030	-0.039	1
单株块茎重 Tuber weight per plant	0.272^**	0.130^*	0.425	0.246^**	0.220^**	0.131^*	0.294^**	-0.275^**	0.294^**	1
干物质率 Dry matter rate	-0.235^**	0.106	-0.338^**	-0.115	-0.068	0.100	-0.174^**	0.371^**	0.120	-0.549^**	1^**
单果重 Single fruit weight	0.212^**	0.167^**	0.382^**	0.086	0.232^**	0.097	-0.156^*	-0.224^**	-0.222^**	0.574^**	-0.576^**	1

Genetic diversity of phenotypic traits in 257 Jerusalem artichoke accessions

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