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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 2262-2271.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.02262

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles    

Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizers Application on Annual Yield and Economic Effect in Rotation of Rice and Wheat

GUO Jiu-Xin1,FENG Xu-Meng1,HU Xiang-Yu1,TIAN Guang-Li1,WANG Wei1,CHEN Jian2,LIU Tian2,SAIYIDING Hasanjan 3,GUO Shi-Wei1,*   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2 Institute of Agriculture Science Research, Rugao County, Nantong 226575, China; 3 Agriculture Extension Center of Kezhou City, Kezhou 845350, China 
  • Received:2013-03-05 Revised:2013-07-25 Online:2013-12-12 Published:2013-09-29

Abstract:

To evaluate the effects of different potassium (K) fertilizer application methods with optimal and high nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates on the annual yield and the economic effect of rice and wheat rotation. We conducted a field experiment with rice-wheat rotation in 2010–2011 at Institute of Agriculture Science Research at Rugao County, Jiangsu Province. The rice cultivar “Zhendao 11” (a normal japonica variety) and the wheat cultivar “Yangmai 16” (a spring mid-gluten variety) were used to determine the yield and its components, the N, K concentrations and accumulations , and N, K2O use efficiencies in individual organs at maturity stage. The results showed that application of K fertilizer could improve the annual grain yield of rice and wheat due to the increase of effective panicles, the number of grains per panicle and ripened grains. The annual grain yield of rice and wheat was significantly different among different treatments of K2O fertilizer application, and application of K could increase the K2O fertilizer use efficiency and the economic effect. The highest partial factor productivity (PFP), agronomic efficiency (AE), the recovery efficiency (RE) and the economic effect of the K2O fertilizer were all obtained in the treatment applying 150 kg ha-1 in soil and 16.2 kg ha-1 by foliar spray ( KS150+KF16.2). The high N rate significantly enhanced the yield of rice resulting fromimproving crop N nutrition level. But the annual grain yield of rice and wheat was not significantly different between treatment of the different N rates, and the high N fertilizer rate could result in optimal N fertilizer use efficiency and economic effect. Combined with the soil environment, economic effect, and fertilizer resource management, these results suggested that optimal N rate should be 200 kg ha-1 for rice and 180 kg ha-1 for wheat, and the optimal K2O application regime should be 90 kg ha-1 in soil plus 9.7 kg ha-1 by foliar spray (KS90+KF9.7) for rice and 60 kg ha-1 in soil plus 6.5 kg ha-1 by foliar spray (KS60+KF6.5) for wheat in the experiment area.

Key words: Rice, Wheat, nitrogen, potassium, Yield, Use efficiency, Economic efficiency

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