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Acta Agron Sin ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 19-30.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00019

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Phenotypic Diversity Evaluations of Foxtail Millet Core Collections

WANG Hai-Gang1,JIA Guan-Qing2,ZHI Hui2,WEN Qi-Fen1,DONG Jun-Li1,CHEN Ling1,WANG Jun-Jie1,CAO Xiao-Ning1,LIU Si-Chen1,WANG Lun1,QIAO Zhi-Jun1,*,DIAO Xian-Min2,*   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China;
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2015-06-01 Revised:2015-09-06 Online:2016-01-12 Published:2015-10-08
  • Contact: 刁现民, E-mail: diaoxianmin@caas.cn, Tel: 010-62126889;乔治军, E-mail: nkypzs@126.com, Tel: 0351-7639239 E-mail:nkywhg@126.com
  • Supported by:

    This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301328, 31171560), the National Key Technology Research and Development Program (2014BAD07B01), the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (CARS07-12.5-A02, CARS-07-12.5-A12) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS.

Abstract:

Evaluation of genetic diversity could benefit the identification of optimal parental combinations for obtaining segregating offspring with maximum genetic variability, and facilitate the introgression of favorable genes from various germplasm into commercial cultivars. In this study, foxtail millet core collections including 878 world-wide accessions were evaluated through phenotypic analysis of 15 agronomic traits. Main conclusions are as follows: (1) Chinese accessions present higher level of phenotypic diversity, especially in grain weight per main stem, panicle length, panicle diameter, plant height, stem node number and growth period; phenotypic diversity is lower in elite cultivars than in traditional landracesgains of breeding progress in foxtail millet are expressed in reduced plant height and panicle length, coupling with increased diameter of main stem, stem node number, panicle diameter, grain weight per main stem, panicle weight per main stem and growth period; (2)from the cluster analysis, foreign resources are divided into three categories according to the geographical origins, the first category mainly includes accessions from northeast European countries, the second cluster is mainly collected from North America and Africa, and the third group includes varieties mainly from East Asia, South Asia, African, and European countries; Chinese collections is able to be divided into three groups of spring-sowing, summer-sowing and southern ecotypes; (3) comprehensive assessment of phenotypic traits based on principal component analysis (PCA) and step regression analysis demonstrates that leaf sheath color, bristle length, hull color, grain color, plant height, spike length, stem diameter and grain weight per plant can be used as main identification indicators of foxtail millet phenotypic variations. This research will benefit the utilization of foxtail millet resources in variety breeding practices in the future.

Key words: Foxtail millet, Core collections, Phenotypic traits, Comprehensive evaluations

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