苦荞种质资源主要农艺性状SSR标记关联分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.11113

Abstract

Abstract:

The analysis of the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of Fagopyrum tataricum germplasm resources and the molecular markers associated with the agronomic traits and seed-related traits of Fagopyrum tataricum could provide a theoretical basis and reference for the hybrid combinations and molecular marker assisted breeding of Tartary buckwheat. In this study, 318 Tartary buckwheat germplasms were used as materials. A total of 11 traits, including thousand-grain weight (TGW), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length-to-width ratio (L/W), grain area (GA), grain perimeter (GP), grain diameter (GD), roundness of grain (GR), plant height (PH), branch number of main stem (BN), and the node pod number of main stem (PN), were investigated in two years of 2019-2020, and the phenotypic data were analyzed by BLUP. A total of 293 loci were detected by 77 SSR markers with good polymorphism in the tested Tartary buckwheat accessions. The average gene diversity coefficient was 0.52, and the average PIC value was 0.46. 318 Tartary buckwheat resources were divided into 4 groups with an average genetic distance of 0.44 by cluster analysis and it had no obvious correspondence with geographical origin. Genetic structure analysis revealed that the tested group could be divided into two subgroups. There were detected extremely 54 significant loci at P < 0.01 associated with 11 traits with the explanation rate ranging from 1.77% to 16.40% by association study. Among these markers, 47SSRmarker could be detected by two or more traits at the same time and 25SSRmarker could be detected under 2019, 2020, and BLUP, simultaneously. These results will be of great significance for candidate gene mining for related traits and molecular marker-assisted breeding of high-yield Tartary buckwheat.

Key words: Tartary buckwheat, agronomic traits, seed-related traits, SSR markers, association analysis

LI Xiao-Yu, FANG Xiao-Mei, WU Hao-Tian, WANG Ying-Qian, LIU Yang, TANG Tian, WANG Yu-Dong, WU Yin-Huan, YUE Lin-Qing, ZHANG Rui-Feng, CUI Jing-Bin, ZHANG Jian, YI Ze-Lin. Association analysis of agronomic traits of tartary buckwheat germplasm resources with SSR markers[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(12): 3091-3107.

Figures/Tables 11

Table S1

Name and Source of Tartary Buckwheat Germplasm Resources and cluster analysis"

编号 ID.	类群 Group	名称 Name	来源 Source	编号 ID.	类群 Group	名称 Name	来源 Source
1	Ⅲ	纯提001	重庆	160	Ⅰ	国KQ12	陕西
2	Ⅰ	苦荞(24)	重庆	161	Ⅰ	云南凤庆苦荞-3	云南
3	Ⅰ	大苦荞2号	贵州	162	Ⅰ	黔苦3号	贵州
4	Ⅲ	黔威2号	贵州	163	Ⅳ	信农1号中苦荞	日本
5	Ⅰ	172	四川	164	Ⅱ	巫溪苦荞	重庆
6	Ⅰ	么站苦荞	四川	165	Ⅲ	藏苦12高株	西藏
7	Ⅰ	210	四川	166	Ⅰ	大苦荞	贵州
8	Ⅳ	芍白	四川	167	Ⅲ	06—10	北京
9	Ⅳ	g4	陕西	168	Ⅲ	盐源苦荞中黑籽	四川
10	Ⅳ	苦荞(6)	重庆	169	Ⅳ	黔苦荞3号	贵州
11	Ⅱ	藏苦6号	西藏	170	Ⅲ	国KQ13	陕西
12	Ⅰ	盐源苦荞选	四川	171	Ⅰ	黔苦荞1号	贵州
13	Ⅱ	姑苦荞	四川	172	Ⅱ	云南凤庆苦荞-6	云南
14	Ⅲ	苦荞16	重庆	173	Ⅰ	云荞1号	云南
15	Ⅱ	刺苦荞	贵州	174	Ⅰ	云荞2号	云南
16	Ⅰ	可苦荞	山西	175	Ⅲ	昭苦1号	云南
17	Ⅲ	藏苦11号	西藏	176	Ⅲ	昭苦2号	云南
18	Ⅳ	136	重庆	177	Ⅰ	苦荞(1)	重庆
19	Ⅰ	额拉6	四川	178	Ⅰ	达苦荞	贵州
20	Ⅰ	榆林苦荞	陕西	179	Ⅰ	86-39	北京
21	Ⅰ	织金白花荞	贵州	180	Ⅲ	额曲瓦子-2	四川
22	Ⅰ	和平村苦荞	云南	181	Ⅲ	KXCML2	四川
23	Ⅲ	苦荞83	重庆	182	Ⅳ	KXCML1	四川
24	Ⅲ	金苦荞	贵州	183	Ⅰ	KXCML3	四川
25	Ⅰ	黔威1号	贵州	184	Ⅰ	西昌依额	四川
26	Ⅰ	德昌苦荞	四川	185	Ⅰ	韩国苦荞KHJF1	韩国
27	Ⅰ	300R	重庆	186	Ⅲ	KCQ1XC	四川
28	Ⅲ	藏苦7号	西藏	187	Ⅲ	KXQ1XC	四川
29	Ⅰ	川荞2号	四川	188	Ⅲ	KXCZJ3	四川
30	Ⅰ	威苦02-286	贵州	189	Ⅳ	KXCZJ8	四川
31	Ⅳ	四川甘洛县苦荞-1	四川	190	Ⅲ	KXCZJ1	四川
32	Ⅱ	四川甘洛县苦荞-2	四川	191	Ⅲ	KXCZJ4	四川
33	Ⅳ	基苦荞	重庆	192	Ⅳ	KXCZJ6	四川
34	Ⅱ	石柱苦荞4号	重庆	193	Ⅳ	KXCZJ5	四川
35	Ⅰ	石柱苦荞6号	重庆	194	Ⅲ	KXCZY7	四川
36	Ⅱ	石柱苦荞7号	重庆	195	Ⅲ	KXCZJ2	四川
37	Ⅳ	86-38	北京	196	Ⅲ	TQ148选苦荞	重庆
38	Ⅰ	庄苦荞	四川	197	Ⅰ	苦荞选1	重庆
39	Ⅳ	2011-146	重庆	198	Ⅲ	苦荞选2黑长粒	重庆
40	Ⅳ	苦荞(5)	重庆	199	Ⅲ	苦荞选7 长粒	重庆
41	Ⅰ	石柱苦荞-1	重庆	200	Ⅰ	高楠镇苦荞	重庆
42	Ⅲ	国KQ2	陕西	201	Ⅱ	城口县高燕镇苦荞	重庆
43	Ⅳ	西荞—1选强杆株	四川	202	Ⅰ	城口县农技站苦荞	重庆
44	Ⅲ	川荞5号	四川	203	Ⅰ	城口县修齐镇苦荞	重庆
45	Ⅰ	黔苦荞4号	贵州	204	Ⅱ	17GQ02	重庆
46	Ⅰ	野鸡苦荞	贵州	205	Ⅱ	2K4	贵州
47	Ⅰ	酉荞1号	重庆	206	Ⅱ	17GQ013	重庆
48	Ⅲ	西荞2号	四川	207	Ⅲ	17短枝梗-1	重庆
49	Ⅳ	TBW3	北京	208	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞33	四川
50	Ⅰ	国KQ10-1	山西	209	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞11	四川
51	Ⅳ	国KQ9	陕西	210	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞15	四川
52	Ⅰ	额角瓦齿	四川	211	Ⅲ	九苦选灰	江西
53	Ⅲ	藏苦4号	西藏	212	Ⅲ	17GQ08	重庆
54	Ⅲ	08—1	北京	213	Ⅱ	17GQ12	重庆
55	Ⅲ	凤庆苦荞-1	云南	214	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞18	四川
56	Ⅲ	06—13	北京	215	Ⅲ	17GQ07	重庆
57	Ⅲ	S312017	陕西	216	Ⅰ	西昌农家品种苦荞7	四川
58	Ⅲ	10—3	北京	217	Ⅲ	短枝梗-2	重庆
59	Ⅰ	S312015	陕西	218	Ⅱ	西昌农家品种苦荞21	四川
60	Ⅲ	06—12	北京	219	Ⅱ	西荞5号	四川
61	Ⅲ	永善县连峰镇	云南	220	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞10	四川
62	Ⅲ	九江苦荞选黑粒	江西	221	Ⅳ	西昌农家品种苦荞19	四川
63	Ⅲ	藏苦8号	西藏	222	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞5	四川
64	Ⅲ	09—2	北京	223	Ⅲ	西昌农家品种苦荞32	四川
65	Ⅰ	S312019	陕西	224	Ⅱ	17GQ001	重庆
66	Ⅰ	细白苦荞	贵州	225	Ⅲ	A1-284	北京
67	Ⅲ	1期4	重庆	226	Ⅱ	A1-286	北京
68	Ⅰ	石柱苦荞-2	重庆	227	Ⅱ	A1-287	北京
69	Ⅲ	川荞4号	四川	228	Ⅲ	A1-289	北京
70	Ⅲ	国KQ11	陕西	229	Ⅱ	A1-290	北京
71	Ⅲ	藏苦10号	西藏	230	Ⅱ	A1-291	北京
72	Ⅱ	青皮荞	贵州	231	Ⅱ	A1-292	北京
73	Ⅲ	额拉	四川	232	Ⅰ	A1-297	北京
74	Ⅳ	云南禾朴农业	云南	233	Ⅱ	A1-507	北京
75	Ⅳ	S312012	陕西	234	Ⅰ	A1-509	北京
76	Ⅲ	西大花荞选苦荞-1	重庆	235	Ⅱ	A1-510	北京
77	Ⅲ	藏苦9号高株	西藏	236	Ⅱ	A1-511	北京
78	Ⅲ	云南苦荞	云南	237	Ⅰ	A1-512	北京
79	Ⅲ	国KQ3	山西	238	Ⅱ	A1-515	北京
80	Ⅳ	六苦荞1号	贵州	239	Ⅱ	A1-516	北京
81	Ⅳ	S312009	陕西	240	Ⅱ	A1-518	北京
82	Ⅲ	西大花荞选苦荞-2	重庆	241	Ⅰ	A1-522	北京
83	Ⅰ	08—1混株	重庆	242	Ⅲ	A1-526	北京
84	Ⅲ	06—6	北京	243	Ⅱ	A1-543	北京
85	Ⅲ	榆T04-02	陕西	244	Ⅰ	A1-549	北京
86	Ⅰ	海子鸽苦荞	四川	245	Ⅱ	A1-550	北京
87	Ⅰ	S312002	陕西	246	Ⅱ	A1-551	北京
88	Ⅱ	06—7-1	北京	247	Ⅰ	A1-555	北京
89	Ⅰ	九江苦荞	江西	248	Ⅲ	A1-568	北京
90	Ⅳ	西荞-3	四川	249	Ⅲ	A1-569	北京
91	Ⅰ	晋苦荞2号	山西	250	Ⅲ	A1-570	北京
92	Ⅳ	S312014	陕西	251	Ⅱ	A1-571	北京
93	Ⅲ	彭水苦荞-1	重庆	252	Ⅰ	A1-572	北京
94	Ⅲ	川荞3号	四川	253	Ⅰ	A1-573	北京
95	Ⅰ	藏苦1号	西藏	254	Ⅱ	A1-574	北京
96	Ⅰ	盐源苦荞	四川	255	Ⅱ	A1-575	北京
97	Ⅰ	1期7	重庆	256	Ⅲ	A1-576	北京
98	Ⅲ	S312021	陕西	257	Ⅱ	A1-578	北京
99	Ⅲ	06—8	北京	258	Ⅱ	A1-580	北京
100	Ⅱ	06—7-2	北京	259	Ⅱ	A1-581	北京
101	Ⅳ	TBW2-1	北京	260	Ⅱ	A1-582	北京
102	Ⅱ	永善先连峰镇苦荞	云南	261	Ⅱ	A1-583	北京
103	Ⅱ	六苦3号	云南	262	Ⅱ	A1-584	北京
104	Ⅱ	664小荞麦	四川	263	Ⅲ	A1-586	北京
105	Ⅳ	西荞-1硬秆短粒	四川	264	Ⅲ	A1-587	北京
106	Ⅳ	云南禾卜农业苦荞	云南	265	Ⅲ	A1-588	北京
107	Ⅰ	四川甘洛县苦荞	四川	266	Ⅰ	A1-589	北京
108	Ⅰ	藏苦2号高	西藏	267	Ⅲ	A1-590	北京
109	Ⅰ	国KQ4	陕西	268	Ⅰ	A1-591	北京
110	Ⅰ	S312007	陕西	269	Ⅲ	A1-592	北京
111	Ⅱ	云苦2号	云南	270	Ⅲ	A1-593	北京
112	Ⅱ	807	贵州	271	Ⅲ	A1-595	北京
113	Ⅱ	酉阳苦荞	重庆	272	Ⅰ	A1-596	北京
114	Ⅲ	S312008	陕西	273	Ⅰ	A1-598	北京
115	Ⅳ	TBW2-2	北京	274	Ⅰ	A1-599	北京
116	Ⅰ	S312001	陕西	275	Ⅱ	ZIM00242抗倒伏	北京
117	Ⅲ	额曲瓦子-1	四川	276	Ⅳ	品苦1号	山西
118	Ⅳ	安哈农家品种黑荞	四川	277	Ⅲ	贵黑米30	贵州
119	Ⅰ	云南凤庆苦荞-1	云南	278	Ⅰ	川荞1号	四川
120	Ⅲ	藏苦2号矮	西藏	279	Ⅱ	贵多苦选	贵州
121	Ⅱ	06—16	北京	280	Ⅱ	额乌 2009-05	四川
122	Ⅲ	S312013	陕西	281	Ⅰ	人杂 2011-3-6	四川
123	Ⅰ	大安本苦荞	贵州	282	Ⅰ	TBZ-01	北京
124	Ⅲ	酉苦1号	重庆	283	Ⅰ	TBZ-02	北京
125	Ⅲ	1期8优	重庆	284	Ⅲ	YQ1	重庆
126	Ⅲ	S312016	陕西	285	Ⅰ	酉荞5号	重庆
127	Ⅲ	S312006	陕西	286	Ⅱ	贵黑米15	贵州
128	Ⅲ	黔苦荞5号	贵州	287	Ⅱ	贵米苦1812-623	贵州
129	Ⅲ	云南混苦荞-1	云南	288	Ⅰ	贵米苦1812-621	贵州
130	Ⅲ	TBW4	北京	289	Ⅰ	山西农大-易裂壳	山西
131	Ⅳ	德昌苦荞选	四川	290	Ⅰ	ZIM00291中抗倒伏	北京
132	Ⅲ	川苦2号	四川	291	Ⅲ	ZIM00307高抗倒伏	北京
133	Ⅲ	06—15	北京	292	Ⅰ	ZIM00020高抗倒伏	北京
134	Ⅰ	S312020	陕西	293	Ⅳ	ZIM00312易倒伏	北京
135	Ⅰ	安哈农家品种灰荞	四川	294	Ⅰ	ZIM00267易倒伏	北京
136	Ⅲ	国KQ8	陕西	295	Ⅲ	品苦1号选5	山西
137	Ⅰ	国KQ10-2	陕西	296	Ⅱ	品苦1号选1	山西
138	Ⅰ	西荞—2单脱迟株	四川	297	Ⅱ	品苦1号茎秆浅绿	山西
139	Ⅰ	赿面苦荞	云南	298	Ⅲ	品苦1号选3-1	山西
140	Ⅲ	酉阳酒厂苦荞	重庆	299	Ⅲ	品苦1号选4	山西
141	Ⅰ	云南凤庆苦荞-2	云南	300	Ⅲ	品苦1号选6	山西
142	Ⅳ	云南混苦荞-2	云南	301	Ⅰ	品苦1号选3-2	山西
143	Ⅲ	凤庆苦荞-2	云南	302	Ⅲ	品苦1号选9	山西
144	Ⅱ	藏苦12号	西藏	303	Ⅱ	品苦1号选8茎红	山西
145	Ⅰ	06—9	北京	304	Ⅰ	贵多苦243	贵州
146	Ⅲ	云南混苦荞-3	云南	305	Ⅱ	米苦	四川
147	Ⅰ	晋苦荞6号	山西	306	Ⅰ	贵黑米248	贵州
148	Ⅲ	西荞-1	四川	307	Ⅰ	贵多苦477	贵州
149	Ⅲ	彭水苦荞-2	重庆	308	Ⅱ	贵黑米16号	贵州
150	Ⅲ	S312018	陕西	309	Ⅳ	贵黑米30号	贵州
151	Ⅲ	S312022	陕西	310	Ⅰ	贵黑米18号	贵州
152	Ⅰ	S312010	陕西	311	Ⅰ	贵黑米23号	贵州
153	Ⅰ	无名	重庆	312	Ⅰ	贵黑米3号	贵州
154	Ⅲ	藏苦5号	西藏	313	Ⅱ	黑苦荞	四川
155	Ⅲ	S312011	陕西	314	Ⅱ	1K5	贵州
156	Ⅲ	国KQ1	陕西	315	Ⅰ	定西农家品种苦荞	甘肃
157	Ⅲ	藏苦12变异	西藏	316	Ⅰ	贵多苦1808-10	贵州
158	Ⅰ	国KQ6	陕西	317	Ⅰ	贵多苦1808-02	贵州
159	Ⅲ	永善县水竹方	云南	318	Ⅰ	贵多苦1808-1	贵州

Table S1

Table S2

77 pairs of SSR primer information"

Primer name	ID	Forward	Reverse	Start of amplification	End of amplification	Amplified fragment
SWU_Ft005	Ft1	TCAGGTCCTTTGGAATCTCA	TGCTGATAGTTTTGCCGAAG	4055703	4055935	232
TatG0142	Ft1	CGACAATCTTAACCATCCGTGC	ACCGTTGGATTGTCGAGTGA	8330224	8329905	319
S6785	Ft1	GGTTCGGAGAACTGAGCCAA	AGTTCGGACAATCCAAGTGC	11323982	11324169	187
SWU_Ft013	Ft1	CATCTATTGAGAACGGAGGGA	TGAGCGGATGAGAGTTTTTG	12717090	12717361	271
SWU_Ft023	Ft1	GACACTCATCGTCGGAGAAA	CCCTAATTGAGAATAACGGAGG	22306772	22307028	256
S5176	Ft1	GCTTTGGAGAAGGGACTTTTGC	GATCGAAGGACCAAGCCCTTA	25318153	25317974	179
SWU_Ft029	Ft1	GGTGCACGTTCTAAATATCGG	GCTTGGTTGATACCATGCTG	28178061	28178357	296
S6763	Ft1	GCAGCTAGCATCAAGTGTGG	GATCAATCATGCACCCCGGA	35519564	35519687	123
SWU_Ft037	Ft1	CGTGTACATTGTTGGCCATT	CGAACTGAAAAATACGCCAC	36463364	36463603	239
TatG0156	Ft1	GGCAACCGCAAGTAGCTTTC	TGATTCGGATCACTTGAAGACCA	37933004	37932724	280
TatG0155	Ft1	TCCGGTCGTGCTTGTATACG	AAAGTCCGACTTGCTAGCCC	37962985	37962800	185
SWU_Ft042	Ft1	GTCTCGGGTTTAAGCCTCTG	TGGACAGGTTTGCTCAGTCT	41022270	41022508	238
SWU_Ft062	Ft1	GCCTCCTTACATAGGCCTAAAA	CGTTCATTGCTCAGGATCAG	61786151	61786329	178
SWU_Ft073	Ft2	CCTCCAAAAACCTACCCAAA	TCGTGAGTTTGAGTCTTCGG	4145379	4145629	250
SWU_Ft078	Ft2	AGAGGCATCCAATCTCATCC	TGAGAACCGTACAACTGCTTC	9435561	9435696	135
S5172	Ft2	AGCCTGAAGTCATTCGGAGC	TGTCGATCCTCGTGCTTTGA	14183956	14184156	200
SWU_Ft083	Ft2	AAGTTGGGGAGCTACCTTCA	TCCAACGGCTATAAGTCCCT	14512611	14512828	217
SWU_Ft101	Ft2	GGTTATCCCGGAATTTCTTG	CCTTTTCTGCTTGGCTCAGT	32271074	32271371	297
SWU_Ft103	Ft2	GAACCTACAACGCGTAATCTGA	GTGGCACAACCTAAAGACGA	34134571	34134804	233
TatG0164	Ft2	TCTTCATGACGTCCCTTGGC	TGTACAAACGTATGTATGAACGTAC	39917395	39917164	231
TatG0163	Ft2	AGAAAAAGACTGGCTGGTGGT	TCAAGGAGCGTCGAGGAGTA	39918273	39918061	212
SWU_Ft124	Ft2	TCCCAAAACCTTTTCTGACC	AACCACCATAACATGCTTGC	55263781	55263995	214
SWU_Ft133	Ft3	TTGCTTCAGATCTTCATCGC	AGGTGACACACAATTACGCA	3827308	3827585	277
TatG0209	Ft3	CCCCCTTCTAAACACGTGGA	TTGAAAATGCCCCTTAAGTTGTT	4737164	4737335	171
TatG0206	Ft3	TCACCCCTCTCACACAATGC	GTCAACAAAGTCGGCTGCAG	16131143	16131347	204
SWU_Ft158	Ft3	TAAACTTGGTTTCAGGCTCG	ACACCGCGTTAATCACAAAC	30744121	30744394	273
SWU_Ft169	Ft3	CCCCACGTAGTAGGGTCAGT	GGGGGTATTTCAGGCTTTCT	42514919	42515127	208
SWU_Ft174	Ft3	TGCAATGCATAGGAGGAAAG	ATGGACATGAGAATGGGGAT	47907657	47907794	137
S2206	Ft3	TGTCCCCTTGGGCAATAATAGT	GAGCGCTATGGGCCTTGTAT	48990837	48991007	170
SWU_Ft177	Ft3	ATGGGTAATTTCTTGCAGGC	CGGATCTTAGAGGTTCCTACA	50079245	50079416	171
SWU_Ft184	Ft4	TAGCCACGTGCAACCTTAAC	GATATTCTCGCATGTTCCGA	337652	337872	220
S2216	Ft4	TTTTCCACCTCAGAGGGCAG	TTGCACATTGTCGTTTCCCA	850119	850282	163
SWU_Ft186	Ft4	ATCTCTTTGAGGTTGGGGAA	CCGACAGCTGGACAGAACTA	2389573	2389757	184
TatG0184	Ft4	GGGAACAACCAATGGCCTCA	TGCATATCCGGATCCTCCCT	4558246	4558398	152
TatG0187	Ft4	GCAATTGCTTTTATAGGGAACCA	GCTTCGAGAAACGTGGGTGT	4610513	4610759	246
TatG0188	Ft4	TTCGATCAAAGGTTTATTGTCTCTT	CACGATCGCGCACCTTTTTA	4633655	4633829	174
SWU_Ft191	Ft4	AAGGCGGGTACATCTAGGAA	GAAAGTTGATCGGGGGTAGA	7406344	7406620	276
SWU_Ft215	Ft4	TGCCTGACCTTTTGAGTGTT	CCCCAAGTCCCAAGTCTTT	31718033	31718308	275
SWU_Ft221	Ft4	TGAATGCCAAGTCTTTCTGC	CCCGCAAATGTCTTCTAGGT	38214651	38214906	255
TatG0097	Ft4	GTTGGTGATGCATTTCGGGC	TGTGCTAGGGTTCTTCGTCG	39890357	39890629	272
TatG0100	Ft4	GAGAGAGTTGTGTGGGGGTG	ACAAAAAGGCACAAGTCGGC	39910168	39910449	281
TatG0101	Ft4	TGAAGACACTGCATGAGGGT	TGGGTTCACGAGAAAAGGCA	39926517	39926686	169
SWU_Ft224	Ft4	CGATCGATTAGAACAGGCAA	TCAAACACATGCAGACCTGA	41949520	41949686	166
SWU_Ft225	Ft4	TAGCGATTTGAAGGGGACTT	CGTAACAATGGTCGTTACTCG	42408830	42409048	218
TatG0057	Ft5	TTTTGCTGGGGCGATTTTGG	AGCCCTCTTTCGTGTTCTTCA	3798384	3798160	224
SWU_Ft244	Ft5	GGCAATTGATCCAGTTGATG	AGTCCCCCAATTCCCAATAG	6805475	6805760	285
SWU_Ft259	Ft5	TATGAGACGTGCAAGGGTTG	GGCACAAGGTTGAGGAAAAT	21984372	21984666	294
SWU_Ft282	Ft5	CCACATAAAGCTTGGTTGAG	CCCCGTAGGTACCATCTTGT	46924258	46924548	290
SWU_Ft283	Ft5	TGCACGATTCCACCACTTAT	TGACAATGAGGCATAGGCAA	47246745	47247012	267
S5194	Ft6	ATTGAAGGGTGGTAGGAAACAC	GAGCCTTGATTGCTTTGATTCT	4166269	4166483	214
SWU_Ft302	Ft6	CGAGTGAATCGGAGTTACCA	ATGCTACGCGAGCAAGTAAA	13098303	13098601	298
S6855	Ft6	TGTACGTACGCTGGAGAAACT	CAAGAGCTGGCAAGGTTAGC	28314187	28314314	127
TatG0023	Ft6	GGACGTTCCCAATGCTCACA	AGGGCGGAGTGACAAATCAG	41777737	41777526	211
TatG0131	Ft6	ACAAACCACTCAAGACGCCA	ACTCGGATTTTAATCGCACACA	43972175	43972452	277
S5202	Ft6	GGTTCTGCGGTTCGTTTAATAG	TACTTCGGTACGATCAATCCCT	50232538	50232301	237
SWU_Ft348	Ft7	ACGGACACATCGTAGAGCAA	TGCCACACCATAAAGACTAAGG	8914447	8914745	298
SWU_Ft350	Ft7	GGCAGGTTTAAGAGCTCGAC	CTGTTGATGCTGGCGTTAGT	10057861	10057995	134
TatG0038	Ft7	GCGGACGGGTATGAACATCA	CGGGCCGATTATAGGGTTCA	10943865	10944137	272
SWU_Ft354	Ft7	CAACTACCCATGTACGCACC	CAATTTCCTCGCTCCTCTTC	14531178	14531369	191
TatG0085	Ft7	TGCAGGCCAGTAGTGTGAAG	ACGGCGGTTATTGTCGGTTA	15771867	15771618	249
S1367	Ft7	TTTCACAGAGGAAGGGAG	CCGTTACAGAGCCAATCA	22608312	22608025	287
TatG0136	Ft7	GCAGTAGATAACCAATAAATGTTCACA	ACCTTGCCAAACACACCCTT	32137579	32137822	243
TatG0200	Ft7	TGCTTGTCCTAGGGAAGCTT	GCAATCAACATGATTTTTCGCCA	37390744	37390584	160
SWU_Ft381	Ft7	GTGCTATTAATCGGTCATCCTC	TTAGGGATGCTATCACTGCG	42033936	42034098	162
SWU_Ft384	Ft7	CGAAATACTGCTTCCACGG	CGTGGAAATAAGGCTTAGGG	44549122	44549282	160
SWU_Ft385	Ft7	CTTCCCTCTCGTGGTTTCAT	GGGACATCGGTCGAATCTAT	45133579	45133808	229
SWU_Ft390	Ft7	GCAAGTTAATGCGTTTGCG	AATAAACTAGCCACCCCTGC	50359081	50359317	236
SWU_Ft394	Ft8	AACAATCCCATGAAAGTCCC	ACTTATGGCCATCTCCAACC	3407886	3408114	228
SWU_Ft399	Ft8	CTGGTTGGCATCTCAGTGTC	CAAATCCTGTGTAAGGCACG	8848226	8848499	273
SWU_Ft402	Ft8	TTTGAGTGTCGCCATCTTTG	GTATCCGCAAGCGTTAGGTT	11448622	11448917	295
SWU_Ft404	Ft8	AACGAGGGTACTAACCGGAA	CCCCAGCTGTAAAACAATCA	13792929	13793217	288
S6827	Ft8	AAACCACGAGCTTCCTCTCC	AGAATTTGCGGGAAGGGTGA	14853315	14853450	135
S6789	Ft8	GGTTGTGGTTTCCTGACGTTG	CCGTAACCCCAGTTCGTAGT	18096922	18097109	187
TatG0052	Ft8	TGTGAAAACCATGTTAGGTCAACT	TGGTATGTCAGTGTCAGGAGTG	19684842	19684567	275
SWU_Ft412	Ft8	CCAACGGCTATTATAAGTCCCT	GCACAATCACACACCAATGA	21858737	21859005	268
SWU_Ft415	Ft8	GAGACAATCGGCGTATGATG	AATTTCCGCAGAGGGAACTA	24553938	24554197	259
SWU_Ft420	Ft8	GAAGCAAGGGCATGTTAAGC	GCAGGTCTCAAGACACTTAATC	29258074	29258259	185

Table S2

Fig. S1

Table 1

Table 2

Genetic diversity of 77 SSR primers"

引物名称 Primer name	条带数 No. of strips	多态性条带数 No. of polymorphic bands	等位变异数 No. of allelic variations	主要等位变异频率 Major allele frequency	基因多样性 Gene diversity	多态性信息含量 PIC
SWU_Ft005	7	2	4	0.26	0.75	0.70
SWU_Ft013	5	3	3	0.54	0.50	0.38
SWU_Ft023	4	3	3	0.57	0.53	0.43
SWU_Ft029	10	8	6	0.22	0.82	0.80
SWU_Ft037	4	3	3	0.65	0.51	0.46
SWU_Ft042	10	3	3	0.80	0.33	0.31
SWU_Ft062	9	2	2	0.55	0.49	0.37
SWU_Ft073	8	2	6	0.35	0.72	0.67
SWU_Ft078	6	2	2	0.62	0.47	0.36
SWU_Ft083	6	2	4	0.26	0.75	0.70
SWU_Ft101	7	2	10	0.22	0.82	0.79
SWU_Ft103	5	3	4	0.46	0.67	0.61
SWU_Ft124	9	3	8	0.36	0.72	0.68
SWU_Ft133	8	2	6	0.44	0.61	0.53
SWU_Ft158	9	3	4	0.37	0.66	0.59
SWU_Ft169	7	2	3	0.94	0.11	0.11
SWU_Ft174	9	2	3	0.90	0.18	0.17
SWU_Ft177	11	2	6	0.24	0.80	0.77
SWU_Ft184	7	2	4	0.49	0.53	0.42
SWU_Ft186	8	3	3	0.95	0.10	0.10
SWU_Ft191	4	2	3	0.96	0.07	0.07
SWU_Ft215	8	3	7	0.34	0.74	0.70
SWU_Ft221	9	3	2	0.52	0.50	0.37
SWU_Ft224	6	2	6	0.28	0.75	0.71
SWU_Ft225	8	3	4	0.44	0.61	0.53
SWU_Ft244	8	3	2	0.66	0.45	0.35
SWU_Ft259	6	3	2	0.94	0.11	0.11
SWU_Ft282	5	3	2	0.76	0.36	0.30
SWU_Ft283	9	2	2	0.68	0.44	0.34
SWU_Ft302	10	3	5	0.47	0.56	0.46
SWU_Ft348	8	2	2	0.66	0.45	0.35
SWU_Ft350	5	2	2	0.99	0.02	0.02
SWU_Ft354	10	5	4	0.50	0.60	0.52
SWU_Ft381	9	3	3	0.51	0.51	0.40
SWU_Ft384	6	2	4	0.29	0.74	0.69
SWU_Ft385	7	2	4	0.27	0.75	0.70
SWU_Ft390	7	2	2	0.74	0.39	0.31
SWU_Ft394	10	2	4	0.42	0.63	0.55
SWU_Ft399	8	2	4	0.41	0.65	0.58
SWU_Ft402	5	2	2	0.62	0.47	0.36
SWU_Ft404	4	2	3	0.61	0.55	0.49
SWU_Ft412	6	2	6	0.29	0.78	0.74
SWU_Ft415	8	2	3	0.74	0.42	0.38
SWU_Ft420	12	2	7	0.30	0.82	0.80
S1367	6	2	3	0.53	0.52	0.40
S2206	6	2	6	0.47	0.55	0.45
S2216	4	2	6	0.43	0.62	0.55
S5172	6	2	2	0.61	0.48	0.36
S5176	5	2	3	0.61	0.49	0.39
S5194	5	3	2	0.80	0.33	0.27
S5202	4	2	2	0.87	0.23	0.20
S6763	5	2	2	0.77	0.36	0.29
S6785	5	2	3	0.78	0.35	0.30
S6789	7	2	2	0.87	0.23	0.20
S6827	5	2	2	0.79	0.33	0.27
S6855	6	2	5	0.31	0.74	0.69
TatG0023	10	2	5	0.26	0.78	0.75
TatG0038	9	2	3	0.50	0.60	0.52
TatG0052	7	3	3	0.64	0.52	0.47
TatG0057	9	3	3	0.92	0.16	0.14
TatG0085	9	2	2	0.99	0.02	0.02
TatG0097	13	3	4	0.32	0.73	0.68
TatG0100	9	4	4	0.51	0.62	0.55
TatG0101	5	2	3	0.98	0.04	0.04
TatG0131	7	2	3	0.83	0.28	0.25
TatG0136	6	2	6	0.36	0.72	0.68
TatG0142	9	3	6	0.22	0.82	0.79
TatG0155	12	4	4	0.43	0.62	0.54
TatG0156	7	2	6	0.29	0.78	0.75
TatG0163	7	3	5	0.51	0.63	0.56
TatG0164	6	2	2	0.53	0.50	0.37
TatG0184	8	4	3	0.74	0.40	0.33
TatG0187	10	2	2	0.84	0.27	0.24
TatG0188	5	4	8	0.24	0.82	0.80
TatG0200	6	3	3	0.50	0.59	0.51
TatG0206	8	2	4	0.35	0.71	0.65
TatG0209	5	3	4	0.48	0.65	0.59
平均值Mean	7.25	2.53	3.81	0.56	0.52	0.46

Table 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Table 3

Table 4

Association analysis of phenotypic traits and markers under two or three environments"

性状 Trait	标记 Marker		2019		2020		BLUP
性状 Trait	标记 Marker		Q-value	R² (%)	Q-value	R² (%)	Q-value	R² (%)
千粒重	FT124		2.53	2.78	2.24	1.97	3.08	3.14
1000-grain weight	FT244		2.00	2.09	2.29	2.02	2.36	2.30
	FT354		2.64	2.92	2.58	2.34	3.89	4.10
	FT013		3.02	3.44			2.58	2.58
	FT174		2.98	3.36			2.82	2.84
	FT177		3.45	4.06			2.65	2.70
	FT394		2.06	2.20			2.40	2.38
	FT415		2.27	2.43			2.26	2.18
	S2206		11.57	14.56			8.82	10.00
	S2216		2.37	2.58			2.90	2.94
	S6789		4.25	5.02			3.56	3.69
	TatG0052	2.88		3.22			3.14	3.20
	TatG0184	5.94		7.34			6.82	7.64
	FT184				2.36	2.15	2.72	2.77
	FT282				3.90	3.89	2.64	2.70
	TatG0163				3.30	3.10	2.16	2.06
粒长	FT005	7.58		9.81	5.30	6.54	7.12	9.10
Grain length	FT013	4.41		5.31	4.00	4.63	5.19	6.29
	FT023	2.42		2.63	2.76	3.00	2.81	3.11
	FT073	3.47		4.22	2.24	2.42	2.97	3.47
	FT103	7.27		9.03	5.33	6.33	6.85	8.42
	FT158	3.44		4.03	4.16	4.88	3.76	4.42
	FT244	5.72		6.96	4.53	5.27	5.67	6.85
	FT259	8.83		11.05	8.42	10.27	8.89	11.04
	FT282	10.84		13.88	9.83	12.28	11.65	14.78
	FT283	4.29		5.13	4.20	4.91	4.68	5.60
	FT354	9.85		12.30	8.38	10.19	10.65	13.19
	FT381	2.63		2.92	2.60	2.80	2.47	2.69
	FT384	2.59		2.86	4.21	4.86	3.27	3.71
	FT385	3.59		4.28	2.06	2.18	2.67	3.03
	FT404	3.70		4.38	3.36	3.83	4.01	4.75
	S2206	3.78		4.48	2.23	2.35	4.26	5.07
	TatG0057	2.17		2.32	3.45	3.90	3.00	3.38
	TatG0100	2.44		2.68	2.20	2.32	2.68	2.98
	FT042	2.43		2.71			2.45	2.71
	FT415	2.23		2.38			2.14	2.25
	S6789	2.88		3.23			2.80	3.10
	TatG0131	3.39		3.90			2.63	2.88
	TatG0136	3.20		3.64			2.61	2.85
	TatG0163	2.25		2.41			2.49	2.70
	FT302				2.17	2.25	2.68	2.94
	TatG0184				3.19	3.58	2.43	2.65
	TatG0187				2.03	2.11	2.18	2.34
粒宽	FT402	2.99		3.34	2.23	2.26	3.75	4.20
Grain width	TatG0052	2.50		2.70	2.31	2.35	3.45	3.83
	TatG0163	5.39		6.46	3.91	4.34	6.64	7.85
	TatG0164	5.08		6.31	2.20	2.32	5.57	6.79
	FT078	3.39		3.92			2.80	3.06
	FT124	4.04		4.73			4.47	5.14
	FT133	4.64		5.66			3.55	4.09
	FT177	3.77		4.45			3.53	4.01
	FT186	3.85		4.46			3.60	4.02
	FT381	2.72		3.02			2.74	2.95
	FT384	2.51		2.71			2.06	2.08
	FT404	2.77		3.10			2.66	2.87
	FT415	3.06		3.43			3.04	3.30
	S2206	11.36		14.22			12.89	15.64
	S2216	3.38		3.87			2.86	3.10
	S6789	4.36		5.12			3.89	4.38
	TatG0023	2.60		2.90			3.13	3.50
	TatG0097	2.71		3.03			2.83	3.09
	TatG0155	4.90		5.87			4.18	4.78
	TatG0184	10.50		13.15			9.62	11.71
	FT385				2.86	3.12	2.29	2.45
长/宽	FT005	5.47		6.91	3.67	4.47	4.52	5.62
Grain length-to-width ratio	FT013	2.04		2.16	2.76	3.12	2.21	2.39
	FT078	3.10		3.56	2.48	2.76	3.58	4.21
	FT103	3.74		4.38	4.73	5.72	3.96	4.67
	FT158	2.62		2.94	4.53	5.52	3.94	4.71
	FT244	5.32		6.42	4.09	4.83	4.58	5.47
	FT259	7.53		9.34	7.60	9.50	7.76	9.66
	FT282	8.99		11.46	9.02	11.58	9.12	11.66
	FT283	4.82		5.82	4.43	5.34	4.68	5.64
	FT354	5.28		6.38	6.10	7.52	5.72	6.98
	FT381	5.05		6.11	3.85	4.55	4.93	5.97
	FT385	4.78		5.87	4.16	5.10	4.57	5.62
	FT404	3.56		4.17	3.77	4.49	3.51	4.12
	TatG0057	3.33		3.83	3.68	4.32	4.04	4.79
	TatG0163	2.48		2.69	2.83	3.17	3.64	4.22
	TatG0184	5.55		6.84	2.73	3.09	5.22	6.41
	FT124	2.39		2.60			2.07	2.19
	FT133	2.81		3.24			2.30	2.55
	FT186	2.70		2.98			2.23	2.38
	FT384	3.33		3.81			4.21	4.98
	FT402	2.46		2.67			2.62	2.89
	S6763	2.47		2.70			2.26	2.44
	TatG0136	3.13		3.55			2.50	2.73
	FT023				2.72	3.03	2.14	2.27
	FT302				3.39	3.92	2.40	2.60
面积	FT005	3.81		4.63	3.89	4.45	0	5.69
Grain area	FT013	3.59		4.19	2.05	2.03	0	5.31
	FT103	4.76		5.70	2.32	2.35	0	4.87
	FT259	3.05		3.45	3.18	3.40	0	3.62
	FT282	4.24		5.13	4.90	5.67	0	6.57
	FT354	6.27		7.66	4.21	4.67	0	8.42
	TatG0100	3.42		3.96	2.15	2.16	0	4.77
	TatG0184	7.91		9.87	2.19	2.20	0	6.79
	FT023	2.00		2.08			0	2.84
	FT042	3.22		3.74			0	3.55
	FT124	2.68		2.96			0	2.81
	FT177	4.93		6.04			0	4.60
	FT184	2.13		2.28			0	2.70
	FT394	2.70		3.02			0.01	2.41
	FT404	2.24		2.42			0	3.26
	FT415	4.44		5.25			0	4.58
	S1367	2.04		2.16			0.01	2.05
	S2206	13.11		16.40			0	16.26
	S6789	6.88		8.42			0	6.58
	TatG0097	3.30		3.82			0	3.82
	TatG0131	4.31		5.07			0	4.53
	TatG0163	2.44		2.63			0.01	2.15
	TatG0164	3.17		3.73			0.01	2.38
	FT420				2.04	2.06	0.01	2.21
周长	FT005	5.08		6.38	4.43	5.22	5.69	7.01
Grain perimeter	FT013	4.20		5.01	3.25	3.56	5.47	6.50
	FT023	2.21		2.36	2.41	2.48	2.90	3.15
	FT103	6.09		7.47	3.77	4.19	5.84	6.94
	FT244	3.23		3.68	3.71	4.09	4.21	4.82
	FT259	4.55		5.45	5.58	6.47	5.10	6.00
	FT282	6.45		8.11	6.60	7.92	7.81	9.64
	FT354	8.20		10.17	6.32	7.36	9.36	11.32
	S2206	10.89		13.71	2.32	2.40	11.57	14.14
	TatG0100	3.34		3.86	2.80	2.99	4.20	4.86
	TatG0184	4.98		6.06	2.68	2.84	3.32	3.72
	FT042	3.36		3.94			3.55	4.08
	FT073	3.31		3.97			2.66	2.97
	FT177	4.69		5.73			4.08	4.78
	FT184	2.03		2.16			2.02	2.09
	FT394	2.39		2.62			2.03	2.10
	FT404	2.87		3.26			3.39	3.84
	FT415	3.87		4.51			3.87	4.39
	S2216	2.98		3.37			2.59	2.78
	S6789	5.92		7.20			5.19	6.07
	TatG0097	2.62		2.92			2.80	3.07
	TatG0131	4.06		4.77			3.51	3.93
	FT283				2.35	2.44	2.56	2.75
	TatG0163				2.31	2.36	2.07	2.11
直径	FT005	4.08		5.01	3.69	4.06	4.92	5.85
Grain diameter	FT013	3.87		4.57	2.70	2.74	5.09	5.88
	FT103	5.09		6.15	2.48	2.43	4.76	5.43
	FT244	2.23		2.37	2.33	2.27	2.92	3.11
	FT244	2.23		2.37	2.33	2.27	2.92	3.11
	FT259	3.36		3.87	3.41	3.58	3.60	3.99
	FT282	4.46		5.44	5.25	5.93	5.93	7.06
	FT354	6.75		8.30	4.88	5.32	7.69	9.06
	S2206	11.77		14.79	2.26	2.22	13.04	15.55
	TatG0100	3.48		4.04	2.49	2.49	4.29	4.88
	TatG0163	2.11		2.22	2.12	2.04	2.06	2.05
	FT023	2.12		2.23			2.55	2.65
	FT042	3.03		3.49			3.20	3.54
	FT073	3.05		3.60			2.20	2.31
	FT124	2.38		2.58			2.53	2.64
	FT177	4.84		5.93			4.02	4.60
	FT394	2.74		3.08			2.48	2.62
	FT404	2.33		2.54			3.01	3.27
	FT415	4.15		4.87			3.81	4.22
	S2216	3.50		4.06			3.44	3.78
	S6789	6.10		7.42			5.67	6.54
	TatG0097	3.16		3.64			3.30	3.64
	TatG0131	4.10		4.81			4.13	4.62
	TatG0155	2.18		2.33			2.28	2.34
	TatG0164	2.83		3.28			2.26	2.39
	TatG0184	6.90		8.58			5.31	6.16
	FT420				2.11	2.06	2.14	2.22
	TatG0052				2.04	1.94	3.08	3.31
圆度	FT005	4.89		6.12	3.11	3.70	3.83	4.68
Grain roundness	FT103	3.71		4.34	4.09	4.86	3.57	4.16
	FT158	2.83		3.22	4.23	5.12	3.86	4.61
	FT244	5.21		6.26	3.30	3.80	4.06	4.78
	FT259	7.48		9.26	7.69	9.63	7.72	9.61
	FT282	8.48		10.78	7.61	9.73	8.05	10.26
	FT283	4.62		5.55	3.91	4.64	4.26	5.09
	FT354	4.71		5.63	5.72	7.01	5.07	6.13
	FT381	5.05		6.10	2.97	3.38	4.34	5.18
	FT384	3.67		4.25	2.96	3.35	3.49	4.03
	FT385	4.73		5.80	3.67	4.43	4.22	5.14
	FT404	3.60		4.23	4.11	4.94	3.74	4.43
	TatG0057	2.96		3.35	3.05	3.49	3.47	4.03
	TatG0184	6.21		7.70	3.00	3.45	5.69	7.03
	FT078	3.09		3.55			3.21	3.71
	FT124	2.72		3.02			2.29	2.48
	S6763	2.67		2.96			2.13	2.27
	TatG0136	3.17		3.59			2.27	2.44
	TatG0163	2.30		2.46			2.99	3.38
	FT013				2.78	3.15	2.11	2.26
	FT302				3.58	4.16	2.32	2.51

Table 4

Table S3

Results of association analysis between phenotypic traits and markers"

表型 Trait	标记 Marker	年份 Year	Q值	R²	表型 Trait	标记 Marker	年份 Year	Q值	R²
株高	SWU_Ft013	2020	4.68	5.46%	面积	SWU_Ft005	2019	3.81	4.63%
Plant height	SWU_Ft023	2020	3.26	3.59%	Grain area		2020	3.89	4.45%
	SWU_Ft042	2020	2.19	2.30%			BLUP	4.76	5.69%
	SWU_Ft103	2020	5.8	6.82%		SWU_Ft013	2019	3.59	4.19%
	SWU_Ft158	2020	3.78	4.33%			2020	2.05	2.03%
	SWU_Ft184	2020	2.59	2.79%			BLUP	4.6	5.31%
	SWU_Ft259	2020	4.73	5.47%		SWU_Ft023	2019	2	2.08%
	SWU_Ft354	2020	6.38	7.55%			BLUP	2.68	2.84%
	SWU_Ft384	2020	3.81	4.29%		SWU_Ft042	2019	3.22	3.74%
	SWU_Ft415	2020	3.31	3.65%			BLUP	3.18	3.55%
	S5176	2020	2.46	2.57%		SWU_Ft073	2019	2.74	3.17%
	TatG0057	2020	2.59	2.76%		SWU_Ft103	2019	4.76	5.70%
	TatG0097	2020	2.62	2.83%			2020	2.32	2.35%
	TatG0155	2020	2.21	2.29%			BLUP	4.28	4.87%
	TatG0163	2020	2.51	2.65%		SWU_Ft124	2019	2.68	2.96%
分枝数	SWU_Ft177	2020	3.79	4.27%			BLUP	2.64	2.81%
Main stem	SWU_Ft354	2020	2.44	2.50%		SWU_Ft174	2019	2.09	2.20%
branching	SWU_Ft384	2020	3.15	3.36%		SWU_Ft177	2019	4.93	6.04%
number	SWU_Ft385	2020	2.51	2.64%			BLUP	4	4.60%
	SWU_Ft402	2020	2.54	2.61%		SWU_Ft184	2019	2.13	2.28%
	TatG0057	2020	2.5	2.58%			BLUP	2.53	2.70%
	TatG0163	2020	2.16	2.15%		SWU_Ft244	2020	2.39	2.42%
	TatG0164	2020	2.76	2.99%			BLUP	2.49	2.60%
主茎节数	SWU_Ft103	2020	5.6	6.53%		SWU_Ft259	2019	3.05	3.45%
Main stem	SWU_Ft158	2020	2.44	2.59%			2020	3.18	3.40%
pitch number	SWU_Ft215	2020	2.17	2.19%			BLUP	3.28	3.62%
	SWU_Ft259	2020	3.69	4.12%		SWU_Ft282	2019	4.24	5.13%
	S5176	2020	3.9	4.36%			2020	4.9	5.67%
千粒重	SWU_Ft005	BLUP	2.56	2.63%			BLUP	5.5	6.57%
Thousand	SWU_Ft013	2019	3.02	3.44%		SWU_Ft354	2019	6.27	7.66%
grain weight		BLUP	2.58	2.58%			2020	4.21	4.67%
	SWU_Ft023	BLUP	2.37	2.30%			BLUP	7.12	8.42%
	SWU_Ft042	BLUP	2.32	2.30%		SWU_Ft394	2019	2.7	3.02%
	SWU_Ft078	2020	2.58	2.38%			BLUP	2.3	2.41%
	SWU_Ft103	BLUP	2.23	2.16%		SWU_Ft404	2019	2.24	2.42%
	SWU_Ft124	2019	2.53	2.78%			BLUP	2.98	3.26%
		2020	2.24	1.97%		SWU_Ft415	2019	4.44	5.25%
		BLUP	3.08	3.14%			BLUP	4.07	4.58%
	SWU_Ft174	2019	2.98	3.36%		SWU_Ft420	2020	2.04	2.06%
		BLUP	2.82	2.84%			BLUP	2.12	2.21%
	SWU_Ft177	2019	3.45	4.06%		S1367	2019	2.04	2.16%
		BLUP	2.65	2.70%			BLUP	2.02	2.05%
	SWU_Ft184	2020	2.36	2.15%		S2206	2019	13.11	16.40%
		BLUP	2.72	2.77%			BLUP	13.54	16.26%
	SWU_Ft186	2019	2.67	2.94%		S2216	2019	3.81	4.45%
	SWU_Ft244	2019	2	2.09%			BLUP	3.49	3.88%
		2020	2.29	2.02%		S6789	2019	6.88	8.42%
		BLUP	2.36	2.30%			BLUP	5.66	6.58%
	SWU_Ft282	2020	3.9	3.89%		TatG0052	BLUP	3.13	3.40%
		BLUP	2.64	2.70%		TatG0097	2019	3.3	3.82%
	SWU_Ft283	2020	2.77	2.57%			BLUP	3.43	3.82%
	SWU_Ft354	2019	2.64	2.92%		TatG0100	2019	3.42	3.96%
		2020	2.58	2.34%			2020	2.15	2.16%
		BLUP	3.89	4.10%			BLUP	4.18	4.77%
	SWU_Ft384	2020	3.76	3.60%		TatG0131	2019	4.31	5.07%
	SWU_Ft394	2019	2.06	2.20%			BLUP	4.03	4.53%
		BLUP	2.4	2.38%		TatG0155	2019	2.78	3.10%
	SWU_Ft415	2019	2.27	2.43%			BLUP	2.52	2.66%
		BLUP	2.26	2.18%		TatG0163	2019	2.44	2.63%
	S1367	BLUP	2.49	2.49%			BLUP	2.12	2.15%
	S2206	2019	11.57	14.56%		TatG0164	2019	3.17	3.73%
		BLUP	8.82	10.00%			BLUP	2.24	2.38%
	S2216	2019	2.37	2.58%		TatG0184	2019	7.91	9.87%
		BLUP	2.9	2.94%			2020	2.19	2.20%
	S6789	2019	4.25	5.02%			BLUP	5.77	6.79%
		BLUP	3.56	3.69%	周长	SWU_Ft005	2019	5.08	6.38%
	S6827	2020	2.22	1.99%	Grain		2020	4.43	5.22%
	TatG0052	2019	2.88	3.22%	perimeter		BLUP	5.69	7.01%
		BLUP	3.14	3.20%		SWU_Ft013	2019	4.2	5.01%
	TatG0057	2020	2.04	1.77%			2020	3.25	3.56%
	TatG0163	2020	3.3	3.10%			BLUP	5.47	6.50%
	TatG0164	BLUP	2.07	2.03%		SWU_Ft023	2019	2.21	2.36%
	TatG0184	2019	5.94	7.34%			2020	2.41	2.48%
		BLUP	6.82	7.64%			BLUP	2.9	3.15%
	TatG0206	2020	3.75	3.65%		SWU_Ft042	2019	3.36	3.94%
粒长	SWU_Ft005	2019	7.58	9.81%			BLUP	3.55	4.08%
Grain		2020	5.3	6.54%		SWU_Ft073	2019	3.31	3.97%
length		BLUP	7.12	9.10%			BLUP	2.66	2.97%
	SWU_Ft013	2019	4.41	5.31%		SWU_Ft103	2019	6.09	7.47%
		2020	4	4.63%			2020	3.77	4.19%
		BLUP	5.19	6.29%			BLUP	5.84	6.94%
	SWU_Ft023	2019	2.42	2.63%		SWU_Ft158	2020	2.46	2.60%
		2020	2.76	3.00%			BLUP	2.18	2.29%
		BLUP	2.81	3.11%		SWU_Ft174	2019	2.52	2.77%
	SWU_Ft042	2019	2.43	2.71%		SWU_Ft177	2019	4.69	5.73%
		BLUP	2.45	2.71%			BLUP	4.08	4.78%
	SWU_Ft073	2019	3.47	4.22%		SWU_Ft184	2019	2.03	2.16%
		2020	2.24	2.42%			BLUP	2.02	2.09%
		BLUP	2.97	3.47%		SWU_Ft244	2019	3.23	3.68%
	SWU_Ft078	2020	2.25	2.38%			2020	3.71	4.09%
	SWU_Ft103	2019	7.27	9.03%			BLUP	4.21	4.82%
		2020	5.33	6.33%		SWU_Ft259	2019	4.55	5.45%
		BLUP	6.85	8.42%			2020	5.58	6.47%
	SWU_Ft158	2019	3.44	4.03%			BLUP	5.1	6.00%
		2020	4.16	4.88%		SWU_Ft282	2019	6.45	8.11%
		BLUP	3.76	4.42%			2020	6.6	7.92%
	SWU_Ft174	2019	2.58	2.85%			BLUP	7.81	9.64%
	SWU_Ft177	2019	2.04	2.19%		SWU_Ft283	2020	2.35	2.44%
	SWU_Ft244	2019	5.72	6.96%			BLUP	2.56	2.75%
		2020	4.53	5.27%		SWU_Ft354	2019	8.2	10.17%
		BLUP	5.67	6.85%			2020	6.32	7.36%
	SWU_Ft259	2019	8.83	11.05%			BLUP	9.36	11.32%
		2020	8.42	10.27%		SWU_Ft384	2020	3.21	3.47%
		BLUP	8.89	11.04%		SWU_Ft394	2019	2.39	2.62%
	SWU_Ft282	2019	10.84	13.88%			BLUP	2.03	2.10%
		2020	9.83	12.28%		SWU_Ft404	2019	2.87	3.26%
		BLUP	11.65	14.78%			BLUP	3.39	3.84%
	SWU_Ft283	2019	4.29	5.13%		SWU_Ft415	2019	3.87	4.51%
		2020	4.2	4.91%			BLUP	3.87	4.39%
		BLUP	4.68	5.60%		SWU_Ft420	BLUP	2.02	2.12%
	SWU_Ft302	2020	2.17	2.25%		S1367	2019	2.01	2.13%
		BLUP	2.68	2.94%		S2206	2019	10.89	13.71%
	SWU_Ft354	2019	9.85	12.30%			2020	2.32	2.40%
		2020	8.38	10.19%			BLUP	11.57	14.14%
		BLUP	10.65	13.19%		S2216	2019	2.98	3.37%
	SWU_Ft381	2019	2.63	2.92%			BLUP	2.59	2.78%
		2020	2.6	2.80%		S6789	2019	5.92	7.20%
		BLUP	2.47	2.69%			BLUP	5.19	6.07%
	SWU_Ft384	2019	2.59	2.86%		TatG0052	BLUP	2.4	2.52%
		2020	4.21	4.86%		TatG0057	2020	2.01	2.00%
		BLUP	3.27	3.71%		TatG0097	2019	2.62	2.92%
	SWU_Ft385	2019	3.59	4.28%			BLUP	2.8	3.07%
		2020	2.06	2.18%		TatG0100	2019	3.34	3.86%
		BLUP	2.67	3.03%			2020	2.8	2.99%
	SWU_Ft404	2019	3.7	4.38%			BLUP	4.2	4.86%
		2020	3.36	3.83%		TatG0131	2019	4.06	4.77%
		BLUP	4.01	4.75%			BLUP	3.51	3.93%
	SWU_Ft415	2019	2.23	2.38%		TatG0136	2019	2.28	2.43%
		BLUP	2.14	2.25%		TatG0163	2020	2.31	2.36%
	SWU_Ft420	2019	2.54	2.86%			BLUP	2.07	2.11%
	S2206	2019	3.78	4.48%		TatG0164	2019	2.19	2.42%
		2020	2.23	2.35%		TatG0184	2019	4.98	6.06%
		BLUP	4.26	5.07%			2020	2.68	2.84%
	S6763	2019	2.1	2.23%			BLUP	3.32	3.72%
	S6789	2019	2.88	3.23%	直径	SWU_Ft005	2019	4.08	5.01%
		BLUP	2.8	3.10%	Grain		2020	3.69	4.06%
	TatG0057	2019	2.17	2.32%	diameter		BLUP	4.92	5.85%
		2020	3.45	3.90%		SWU_Ft013	2019	3.87	4.57%
		BLUP	3	3.38%			2020	2.7	2.74%
	TatG0100	2019	2.44	2.68%			BLUP	5.09	5.88%
		2020	2.2	2.32%		SWU_Ft023	2019	2.12	2.23%
		BLUP	2.68	2.98%			BLUP	2.55	2.65%
	TatG0131	2019	3.39	3.90%		SWU_Ft042	2019	3.03	3.49%
		BLUP	2.63	2.88%			BLUP	3.2	3.54%
	TatG0136	2019	3.2	3.64%		SWU_Ft073	2019	3.05	3.60%
		BLUP	2.61	2.85%			BLUP	2.2	2.31%
	TatG0163	2019	2.25	2.41%		SWU_Ft103	2019	5.09	6.15%
		BLUP	2.49	2.70%			2020	2.48	2.43%
	TatG0184	2020	3.19	3.58%			BLUP	4.76	5.43%
		BLUP	2.43	2.65%		SWU_Ft124	2019	2.38	2.58%
	TatG0187	2020	2.03	2.11%			BLUP	2.53	2.64%
		BLUP	2.18	2.34%		SWU_Ft174	2019	2.49	2.72%
粒宽	SWU_Ft029	2019	2.83	3.18%		SWU_Ft177	2019	4.84	5.93%
Grain	SWU_Ft078	2019	3.39	3.92%			BLUP	4.02	4.60%
width		BLUP	2.8	3.06%		SWU_Ft184	BLUP	2.23	2.31%
	SWU_Ft103	2019	2.81	3.14%		SWU_Ft244	2019	2.23	2.37%
	SWU_Ft124	2019	4.04	4.73%			2020	2.33	2.27%
		BLUP	4.47	5.14%			BLUP	2.92	3.11%
	SWU_Ft133	2019	4.64	5.66%		SWU_Ft259	2019	3.36	3.87%
		BLUP	3.55	4.09%			2020	3.41	3.58%
	SWU_Ft177	2019	3.77	4.45%			BLUP	3.6	3.99%
		BLUP	3.53	4.01%		SWU_Ft282	2019	4.46	5.44%
	SWU_Ft186	2019	3.85	4.46%			2020	5.25	5.93%
		BLUP	3.6	4.02%			BLUP	5.93	7.06%
	SWU_Ft354	2020	3.49	3.83%		SWU_Ft283	BLUP	2.04	2.05%
	SWU_Ft381	2019	2.72	3.02%		SWU_Ft354	2019	6.75	8.30%
		BLUP	2.74	2.95%			2020	4.88	5.32%
	SWU_Ft384	2019	2.51	2.71%			BLUP	7.69	9.06%
		BLUP	2.06	2.08%		SWU_Ft384	2020	2.2	2.12%
	SWU_Ft385	2020	2.86	3.12%		SWU_Ft394	2019	2.74	3.08%
		BLUP	2.29	2.45%			BLUP	2.48	2.62%
	SWU_Ft390	BLUP	2	2.01%		SWU_Ft404	2019	2.33	2.54%
	SWU_Ft402	2019	2.99	3.34%			BLUP	3.01	3.27%
		2020	2.23	2.26%		SWU_Ft415	2019	4.15	4.87%
		BLUP	3.75	4.20%			2019	4.15	4.87%
	SWU_Ft404	2019	2.77	3.10%			BLUP	3.81	4.22%
		BLUP	2.66	2.87%		SWU_Ft420	2020	2.11	2.06%
	SWU_Ft415	2019	3.06	3.43%			BLUP	2.14	2.22%
		BLUP	3.04	3.30%		S2206	2019	11.77	14.79%
	S2206	2019	11.36	14.22%			2020	2.26	2.22%
		BLUP	12.89	15.64%			BLUP	13.04	15.55%
	S2216	2019	3.38	3.87%		S2216	2019	3.5	4.06%
		BLUP	2.86	3.10%			BLUP	3.44	3.78%
	S6789	2019	4.36	5.12%		S6789	2019	6.1	7.42%
		BLUP	3.89	4.38%			BLUP	5.67	6.54%
	S6855	BLUP	2.62	2.94%		TatG0052	2020	2.04	1.94%
	TatG0023	2019	2.6	2.90%			BLUP	3.08	3.31%
		BLUP	3.13	3.50%		TatG0097	2019	3.16	3.64%
	TatG0052	2019	2.5	2.70%			BLUP	3.3	3.64%
		2020	2.31	2.35%		TatG0100	2019	3.48	4.04%
		BLUP	3.45	3.83%			2020	2.49	2.49%
	TatG0097	2019	2.71	3.03%			BLUP	4.29	4.88%
		BLUP	2.83	3.09%		TatG0131	2019	4.1	4.81%
	TatG0155	2019	4.9	5.87%			BLUP	4.13	4.62%
		BLUP	4.18	4.78%		TatG0155	2019	2.18	2.33%
	TatG0163	2019	5.39	6.46%			BLUP	2.28	2.34%
		2020	3.91	4.34%		TatG0163	2019	2.11	2.22%
		BLUP	6.64	7.85%			2020	2.12	2.04%
	TatG0164	2019	5.08	6.31%			BLUP	2.06	2.05%
		2020	2.2	2.32%		TatG0164	2019	2.83	3.28%
		BLUP	5.57	6.79%			BLUP	2.26	2.39%
	TatG0184	2019	10.5	13.15%		TatG0184	2019	6.9	8.58%
		BLUP	9.62	11.71%			BLUP	5.31	6.16%
	TatG0206	2020	2.12	2.15%	圆度	SWU_Ft005	2019	4.89	6.12%
长/宽	SWU_Ft005	2019	5.47	6.91%	Grain		2020	3.11	3.70%
Grain		2020	3.67	4.47%	roundness		BLUP	3.83	4.68%
length-to-width		BLUP	4.52	5.62%		SWU_Ft013	2020	2.78	3.15%
ratio	SWU_Ft013	2019	2.04	2.16%			BLUP	2.11	2.26%
		2020	2.76	3.12%		SWU_Ft023	2020	2.03	2.14%
		BLUP	2.21	2.39%		SWU_Ft078	2019	3.09	3.55%
	SWU_Ft023	2020	2.72	3.03%			BLUP	3.21	3.71%
		BLUP	2.14	2.27%		SWU_Ft103	2019	3.71	4.34%
	SWU_Ft073	2020	2.43	2.79%			2020	4.09	4.86%
	SWU_Ft078	2019	3.1	3.56%			BLUP	3.57	4.16%
		2020	2.48	2.76%		SWU_Ft124	2019	2.72	3.02%
		BLUP	3.58	4.21%			BLUP	2.29	2.48%
	SWU_Ft103	2019	3.74	4.38%		SWU_Ft133	2019	2.75	3.16%
		2020	4.73	5.72%		SWU_Ft158	2019	2.83	3.22%
		BLUP	3.96	4.67%			2020	4.23	5.12%
	SWU_Ft124	2019	2.39	2.60%			BLUP	3.86	4.61%
		BLUP	2.07	2.19%		SWU_Ft186	2019	2.24	2.38%
	SWU_Ft133	2019	2.81	3.24%		SWU_Ft244	2019	5.21	6.26%
		BLUP	2.3	2.55%			2020	3.3	3.80%
	SWU_Ft158	2019	2.62	2.94%			BLUP	4.06	4.78%
		2020	4.53	5.52%		SWU_Ft259	2019	7.48	9.26%
		BLUP	3.94	4.71%			2020	7.69	9.63%
	SWU_Ft186	2019	2.7	2.98%			BLUP	7.72	9.61%
		BLUP	2.23	2.38%		SWU_Ft282	2019	8.48	10.78%
	SWU_Ft225	2019	2.16	2.40%			2020	7.61	9.73%
	SWU_Ft244	2019	5.32	6.42%			BLUP	8.05	10.26%
		2020	4.09	4.83%		SWU_Ft283	2019	4.62	5.55%
		BLUP	4.58	5.47%			2020	3.91	4.64%
	SWU_Ft259	2019	7.53	9.34%			BLUP	4.26	5.09%
		2020	7.6	9.50%		SWU_Ft302	2020	3.58	4.16%
		BLUP	7.76	9.66%			BLUP	2.32	2.51%
	SWU_Ft282	2019	8.99	11.46%		SWU_Ft354	2019	4.71	5.63%
		2020	9.02	11.58%			2020	5.72	7.01%
		BLUP	9.12	11.66%			BLUP	5.07	6.13%
	SWU_Ft283	2019	4.82	5.82%		SWU_Ft381	2019	5.05	6.10%
		2020	4.43	5.34%			2020	2.97	3.38%
		BLUP	4.68	5.64%			BLUP	4.34	5.18%
	SWU_Ft302	2020	3.39	3.92%		SWU_Ft384	2019	3.67	4.25%
		BLUP	2.4	2.60%			2020	2.96	3.35%
	SWU_Ft354	2019	5.28	6.38%			BLUP	3.49	4.03%
		2020	6.1	7.52%		SWU_Ft385	2019	4.73	5.80%
		BLUP	5.72	6.98%			2020	3.67	4.43%
	SWU_Ft381	2019	5.05	6.11%			BLUP	4.22	5.14%
		2020	3.85	4.55%		SWU_Ft390	2019	2.22	2.37%
		BLUP	4.93	5.97%		SWU_Ft402	2019	2.04	2.13%
	SWU_Ft384	2019	3.33	3.81%		SWU_Ft404	2019	3.6	4.23%
		BLUP	4.21	4.98%			2020	4.11	4.94%
	SWU_Ft385	2019	4.78	5.87%			BLUP	3.74	4.43%
		2020	4.16	5.10%		SWU_Ft420	2019	2.02	2.17%
		BLUP	4.57	5.62%		S6763	2019	2.67	2.96%
	SWU_Ft390	2019	2.24	2.39%			BLUP	2.13	2.27%
	SWU_Ft402	2019	2.46	2.67%		TatG0057	2019	2.96	3.35%
		BLUP	2.62	2.89%			2020	3.05	3.49%
	SWU_Ft404	2019	3.56	4.17%			BLUP	3.47	4.03%
		2020	3.77	4.49%		TatG0136	2019	3.17	3.59%
		BLUP	3.51	4.12%			BLUP	2.27	2.44%
	SWU_Ft412	2019	2.15	2.33%		TatG0155	2019	2.73	3.05%
	S6763	2019	2.47	2.70%		TatG0163	2019	2.3	2.46%
		BLUP	2.26	2.44%			BLUP	2.99	3.38%
	TatG0057	2019	3.33	3.83%		TatG0164	BLUP	2.23	2.48%
		2020	3.68	4.32%		TatG0184	2019	6.21	7.70%
		BLUP	4.04	4.79%			2020	3	3.45%
	TatG0136	2019	3.13	3.55%			BLUP	5.69	7.03%
	TatG0155	2019	2.28	2.46%		TatG0187	2019	2.15	2.31%
	TatG0163	2019	2.48	2.69%
		2020	2.83	3.17%
		BLUP	3.64	4.22%
	TatG0164	BLUP	2.53	2.90%
	TatG0184	2019	5.55	6.84%
		2020	2.73	3.09%
		BLUP	5.22	6.41%

Table S3

Table 5

Markers associated with multiple effect traits"

标记 Marker	千粒重TGW	粒长 GL	粒宽 GW	长宽比L/W	籽粒面积 GA	籽粒周长 GP	籽粒直径 GD	籽粒圆度 GR	株高 PH	分枝数BN	主茎节数 PN
SWU_Ft005	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft013	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft023	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft042	✔	✔			✔	✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft073		✔		✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft078	✔	✔	✔	✔				✔
SWU_Ft103	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft124	✔		✔	✔	✔		✔	✔
SWU_Ft133			✔	✔				✔
SWU_Ft158		✔		✔		✔		✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft174	✔	✔			✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft177	✔	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔			✔
SWU_Ft184	✔				✔	✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft186	✔		✔	✔				✔
SWU_Ft244	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft259		✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft282	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft283	✔	✔		✔		✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft302		✔		✔				✔
SWU_Ft354	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft381		✔	✔	✔				✔
SWU_Ft384	✔	✔	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft385		✔	✔	✔				✔		✔
SWU_Ft390			✔	✔				✔
SWU_Ft394	✔				✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft402			✔	✔				✔
SWU_Ft404		✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
SWU_Ft415	✔	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔		✔
SWU_Ft420		✔			✔	✔	✔	✔
S1367	✔				✔	✔
S2206	✔	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔
S2216	✔		✔		✔	✔	✔
S5176									✔		✔
S6763		✔		✔				✔
S6789	✔	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔
TatG0052	✔		✔		✔	✔	✔
TatG0057	✔	✔		✔		✔		✔	✔	✔
TatG0097			✔		✔	✔	✔
TatG0100		✔			✔	✔	✔
TatG0131		✔			✔	✔	✔
TatG0136		✔		✔		✔		✔
TatG0155			✔	✔	✔		✔	✔	✔
TatG0163	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
TatG0164	✔		✔		✔	✔	✔	✔		✔
TatG0184	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔	✔
TatG0187		✔						✔
TatG0206	✔		✔

Table 5

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性状 Trait	年份 Year	最大值 Max.	最小值 Min.	平均值 Mean	极差 Range	标准差 SD	变异系数 CV (%)	偏度 Skewness	峰度 Kurtosis
PH	2020S	161.67	77.00	123.35	84.67	16.00	12.97	-0.38	0.24
BN	2020S	9.33	2.00	5.51	6.67	1.48	26.85	-0.05	-0.47
PN	2020S	21.00	10.33	15.14	10.67	1.68	11.08	0.59	1.03
TGW	2019A	28.88	10.57	19.77	18.31	2.14	10.82	-0.24	4.84
	2020S	30.81	9.91	20.39	20.90	2.57	12.63	-0.47	2.63
GL	2019A	7.13	4.15	5.79	2.98	0.54	9.34	-0.96	0.56
	2020S	7.11	4.41	5.84	2.70	0.48	8.23	-0.82	0.71
GW	2019A	4.37	2.90	3.47	1.47	0.21	6.12	1.18	2.70
	2020S	4.91	3.11	3.61	1.81	0.20	5.53	1.32	5.76
L / W	2019A	2.27	1.17	1.68	1.10	0.20	12.04	-0.97	0.11
	2020S	1.94	1.18	1.62	0.76	0.16	9.96	-1.06	0.54
GA	2019A	20.67	9.38	14.12	11.29	1.37	9.73	0.30	3.29
	2020S	22.31	10.30	14.67	12.01	1.48	10.12	0.65	3.21
GP	2019A	22.20	12.09	15.61	10.11	1.21	7.72	1.42	7.69
	2020S	22.06	13.45	16.53	8.61	1.06	6.40	0.71	4.51
GD	2019A	4.96	3.45	4.23	1.51	0.21	4.85	-0.17	2.43
	2020S	5.26	3.62	4.31	1.64	0.21	4.89	0.08	1.55
GR	2019A	0.89	0.49	0.62	0.40	0.09	15.24	1.37	0.58
	2020S	0.90	0.52	0.64	0.38	0.08	12.55	1.56	1.70

性状 Trait	关联位点个数 No. of associated loci	同时在2个环境下检测到的位点数 No. of associated loci under two environments	同时在3个环境下检测到的位点数 No. of associated loci under three environments	表型变异解释率范围 Range of R²(%)
千粒重TGW	29	12	3	1.77-14.56
籽粒长度GL	32	9	18	2.19-14.78
籽粒宽度GW	27	17	4	2.01-15.64
长宽比L/W	31	8	16	2.33-11.66
籽粒面积GA	30	19	8	2.16-16.4
籽粒周长GP	33	14	11	2.00-14.4
籽粒直径GD	31	16	11	2.05-15.5
籽粒圆度GR	30	7	14	2.13-10.78
株高PH	15	/	/	2.29-7.55
主茎分枝数BN	8	/	/	2.15-4.27
主茎节数PN	5	/	/	2.19-6.53

Association analysis of agronomic traits of tartary buckwheat germplasm resources with SSR markers

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