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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 2845-2853.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.33005

• RESEARCH NOTES • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Impact of foliar organic selenium application on selenium uptake and grain anthocyanins, iron, manganese, copper, and zinc concentrations of black waxy corn

HUANG Ting-Miao(), ZHAN Xin, LU Nai-Kun, QIAO Yue-Jing, CHEN Jie, YANG Zhen-Ping(), GAO Zhi-Qiang   

  1. College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University / Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau, Taigu 030801, Shanxi, China
  • Received:2023-01-16 Accepted:2023-04-18 Online:2023-10-12 Published:2023-04-24
  • Contact: E-mail: yangzp.2@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Ministerial and Provincial Co-Innovation Centre for Endemic Crops Production with High-quality and Efficiency in Loess Plateau(SBGJXTZX-42);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1900700);Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(2021L167);Incentive Funding Research Program for Doctor Graduates Working in Shanxi Province, China(SXBYKY2021030);Science and Technology Innovation Fund Program by Shanxi Agricultural University(2020BQ72)

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Abstract:

It is of great significance to explore the responses of selenium (Se) uptake and grain nutritional quality to foliar application of organic Se fertilizer in black waxy corn, so as to provide a scientific basis for the rational application of Se fertilizer, and then guarantee the high-quality development of ‘Special' and ‘Excellent' agriculture in Shanxi, China. A two-year field experiment was conducted at Jinzhong in Shanxi Province, located in the typical growing region of black waxy corn from 2020 to 2021. The cultivar of Jinxiannuo 8 was used as the test crop. There were four treatments of three Se spraying rates of 0, 6, and 12 g hm-2 at early filling stage, and spraying Se in twice under Se rate of 12 g hm-2. The objective of this study is to clarify the impact of spraying rates and times of organic Se fertilizer on grain yield, Se uptake, and utilization in aerial plant part, grain anthocyanins and iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) concentrations. These results showed that grain yield at fresh stage and biomass in aerial part at maturity stage were influenced by neither Se spraying rates nor spraying times. Compared with the control, foliar Se application remarkably increased both Se concentration and accumulation in grain and each organ of aerial plant part at fresh and maturity stages, respectively. Grain Se concentration at 12 g Se hm-2 was observed to be the highest with a range of 110-181 μg kg-1, which reaching the minimum recommended value of 100 μg kg-1 for better human health. At maturity stage, Se accumulation in different organ of aerial part showed the following ranking: leaf > grain > stem > bract > cob. At the rate of 12 g Se hm-2, the average grain Se biofortification index and Se recovery were 6.95 (μg kg-1) (g hm-2) -1 and 2.4% under the condition of spraying twice, respectively, which were higher than spraying one time. Also, the highest grain anthocyanin and Fe, Mn, Zn concentrations were found when spraying Se twice at 12 g hm-2, they were 209, 27.9, 15.9, and 22.8 mg kg-1, respectively, whereas there was no difference for grain Cu concentration among the treatments at fresh stage. Therefore, the organic Se rate should be at least 12 g hm-2 with spraying twice, for better promoting Se uptake and utilization and grain nutritional quality synchronously during black waxy corn production in Jinzhong of Shanxi province.

Key words: organic selenium fertilizer, black waxy corn, foliar application, Se concentration, anthocyanins, micro-element

Fig. 1

Monthly precipitation and average temperature at the experimental sites from 2020 to 2021"

Fig. 2

Grain yield and dry weight in aerial part of black waxy corn affected by different Se spraying treatments at fresh (A) and maturity (B) stages, respectively CK, Se1, Se2, and Se2-2 represent the treatments of Se spraying rates of 0, 6, 12 g hm-2 at early filling stage, and spraying Se in twice under Se rate of 12 g hm-2, respectively. Different lowercase letters in the same year indicate significant difference among four treatments at the 0.05 probability level."

Table 1

Se concentration in grain at fresh stage, and in aerial part at maturity affected by different Se spraying treatments"

年份
Year
(Y)		 处理
Treatment
(T)		 鲜食期
Fresh stage		 成熟期
Maturity
籽粒 Grain
(μg kg-1)		 籽粒 Grain
(μg kg-1)		 苞叶 Bract
(μg kg-1)		 穗轴 Cob
(μg kg-1)		 茎秆 Stem
(μg kg-1)		 叶片 Leaf
(μg kg-1)
2020 CK 67 c 73 c 88 b 56 b 118 b 172 c
Se1 89 b 99 b 93 ab 65 ab 126 ab 306 b
Se2 110 a 99 b 96 a 66 ab 135 ab 324 b
Se2-2 114 a 119 a 99 a 73 a 147 a 377 a
2021 CK 61 d 52 c 81 b 53 b 128 a 221 c
Se1 82 c 95 b 102 a 66 ab 145 a 319 ab
Se2 138 b 103 b 105 a 64 ab 149 a 370 ab
Se2-2 181 a 156 a 117 a 75 a 151 a 399 a
年份Y * NS NS ** NS NS
处理T ** ** ** ** * **
Y×T ** ** NS NS NS NS

Fig. 3

Se accumulation in grain (A) and aerial part (B) of black waxy corn affected by different Se spraying treatment at fresh and maturity stages, respectively Different lowercase letters in the same year indicate significant difference among four treatments at the 0.05 probability level. Treatments are the same as those given in Fig. 2."

Table 2

Grain Se biofortification index, grain Se recovery, Se use efficiency, and accumulative Se use efficiency of black waxy corn affected by different Se spraying treatments"

年份
Year
(Y)		 处理
Treatment
(T)		 籽粒硒强化指数
Grain Se biofortification index
[(μg kg-1) (g hm-2)-1]		 籽粒硒回收率
Grain Se recovery
(%)		 硒肥利用率
Se use efficiency
(%)		 硒肥累计利用率
Accumulative Se use efficiency
(%)
2020 Se1 3.75 a 1.86 a 9.02 a
Se2 3.55 a 0.96 b 5.39 b
Se2-2 3.95 a 1.72 a 7.81 ab
2021 Se1 3.47 c 2.73 a 5.45 a 7.44 a
Se2 6.39 b 1.53 a 3.42 a 4.66 a
Se2-2 9.96 a 3.15 a 5.65 a 6.70 a
年份Y * NS *
处理T ** NS **
Y×T ** NS NS

Table 3

Grain anthocyanins and Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn concentrations of black waxy corn affected by different Se spraying treatments"

年份
Year
(Y)		 处理
Treatment
(T)		 花青素
Anthocyanin
(mg kg-1)		 铁
Fe
(mg kg-1)		 锰
Mn
(mg kg-1)		 铜
Cu
(mg kg-1)		 锌
Zn
(mg kg-1)
2020 CK 117.6 a 15.76 b 9.50 c 1.52 a 15.06 c
Se1 135.3 a 15.85 b 10.24 bc 1.63 a 16.61 b
Se2 141.8 a 18.34 a 11.72 b 1.67 a 17.12 ab
Se2-2 144.6 a 19.48 a 13.80 a 1.70 a 18.10 a
2021 CK 152.8 b 22.34 b 14.65 b 3.31 a 19.88 c
Se1 174.6 b 26.77 ab 14.87 b 3.33 a 23.20 bc
Se2 196.7 b 35.56 a 16.94 ab 3.48 a 24.52 ab
Se2-2 273.0 a 36.25 a 18.14 a 4.15 a 27.41 a
年份Y NS ** ** ** **
处理T NS * ** * **
Y×T NS NS NS NS NS
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[4] Yan Mei;Yang Guangsheng;Fu Tingdong;Yan Hongyan. Studies on the Ecotypical Male Sterile-fertile Line of Brassica napus L.Ⅲ. Sensitivity to Temperature of 8-8112AB and Its Inheritance[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2003, 29(03): 330 -335 .
[5] Wang Yongsheng;Wang Jing;Duan Jingya;Wang Jinfa;Liu Liangshi. Isolation and Genetic Research of a Dwarf Tiilering Mutant Rice[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2002, 28(02): 235 -239 .
[6] WANG Li-Yan;ZHAO Ke-Fu. Some Physiological Response of Zea mays under Salt-stress[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2005, 31(02): 264 -268 .
[7] TIAN Meng-Liang;HUNAG Yu-Bi;TAN Gong-Xie;LIU Yong-Jian;RONG Ting-Zhao. Sequence Polymorphism of waxy Genes in Landraces of Waxy Maize from Southwest China[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34(05): 729 -736 .
[8] HU Xi-Yuan;LI Jian-Ping;SONG Xi-Fang. Efficiency of Spatial Statistical Analysis in Superior Genotype Selection of Plant Breeding[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34(03): 412 -417 .
[9] WANG Yan;QIU Li-Ming;XIE Wen-Juan;HUANG Wei;YE Feng;ZHANG Fu-Chun;MA Ji. Cold Tolerance of Transgenic Tobacco Carrying Gene Encoding Insect Antifreeze Protein[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34(03): 397 -402 .
[10] ZHENG Xi;WU Jian-Guo;LOU Xiang-Yang;XU Hai-Ming;SHI Chun-Hai. Mapping and Analysis of QTLs on Maternal and Endosperm Genomes for Histidine and Arginine in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) across Environments[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2008, 34(03): 369 -375 .
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