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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 1416-1430.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84169

• 耕作栽培· 生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘蓝型油菜种子萌发期耐铝毒特性综合评价及其种质筛选

郜欢欢,叶桑,王倩,王刘艳,王瑞莉,陈柳依,唐章林,李加纳,周清元(),崔翠()   

  1. 西南大学农学与生物科技学院, 重庆 400715
  • 收稿日期:2018-12-12 接受日期:2019-04-15 出版日期:2019-09-12 网络出版日期:2019-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 周清元,崔翠
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 853320685@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0100505);重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新项目资助(cstc2016shmszx80015)

Screening and comprehensive evaluation of aluminum-toxicity tolerance during seed germination in Brassca napus

GAO Huan-Huan,YE Sang,WANG Qian,WANG Liu-Yan,WANG Rui-Li,CHEN Liu-Yi,TANG Zhang-Lin,LI Jia-Na,ZHOU Qing-Yuan(),CUI Cui()   

  1. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwestern University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2018-12-12 Accepted:2019-04-15 Published:2019-09-12 Published online:2019-05-08
  • Contact: Qing-Yuan ZHOU,Cui CUI
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-12);the National Key Research and Development Project(2018YFD0100505);the Science and Technology Committee of Chongqing(cstc2016shmszx80015)

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摘要：

种子萌发是油菜植株形态建成的重要阶段, 铝毒是酸性土壤中影响其种子萌发的主要因素之一, 因此筛选出种子萌发过程中耐铝毒种质对油菜生产及研究具有重要意义。本研究利用5份甘蓝型油菜品种(系)筛选出油菜萌发期耐铝毒种质资源处理的适宜胁迫浓度为90 μg mL -1。并以该浓度处理148份甘蓝型油菜品种(系)种子, 于萌发期测定其发芽势、发芽率、鲜重、干重、根长和芽长等指标, 通过铝毒胁迫耐性综合评价值(A值)、平均隶属函数值(ASF值)、对铝毒加权耐性系数(WAC值)、相关性、频数、主成分、灰色关联度、聚类和逐步回归分析等鉴定萌发期耐铝性, 建立萌发期对铝毒耐性综合评价模型并筛选出适宜的评价鉴定指标。结果表明, 148份甘蓝型油菜的萌发期各指标在品种(系)间存在显著差异; 筛选出萌发期耐铝毒甘蓝型油菜品种(系) 01188、WH-20、A109、甲预31棚等。根据灰色关联度及回归分析结果认为, 在油菜萌发期测定其根长、芽长、鲜重、发芽率和发芽势, 通过回归方程估算其A值, 可以初步判断甘蓝型油菜种质的耐铝毒特性。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 萌发期, 铝毒胁迫, 种质资源筛选, 综合评价

Abstract:

Seed germination is an important stage of plant morphogenesis in rapeseed. Aluminum toxicity is one of the main factors affecting seed germination in acidic soil. Therefore, it is important for rapeseed production and research to screen Al-tolerant germplasms during seed germination. In this study, five Brassica napus cultivars (lines) were used to screen the optimum treatment concentration of Al toxicity at germination stage, which was determined at 90 μg mL -1. The germination vigor, germination rate, fresh weight, dry weight, root length and bud length of 148 cultivars (lines) of Brassica napus were measured at germination stage. The comprehensive evaluation value (A value), average subordinate function value (ASF value), weighted tolerance coefficient (WAC value), correlation coefficient, frequency, principal component, grey relational degree, clustering and stepwise regression were used to identify the Al tolerance at germination stage. A comprehensive evaluation model of Al tolerance at germination stage was established, suitable evaluation and identification indexes were selected. There were significant differences in the germination parameters of 148 Brassica napus germplasm, and aluminum-tolerant Brassica napus varieties (lines) during germination stage were screened, including 01188, WH-20, A109, and Jiayu 31 peng. The results of grey correlation and regression analysis indicated that the root length, bud length, fresh weight, germination rate and germination potential measured at the germination stage of rapeseed, and the A value of the indices estimated by regression equation, could be preliminarily judged the aluminum tolerance of rape germplasm.

Key words: Brassica napus L, germination stage, aluminum toxicity stress, screening for germplasm resources, comprehensive evaluation

表1

各品种(系)不同铝毒胁迫浓度下根长变化"

浓度Concentration
(μg mL-1)		 品种(系) Cultivar (line) 均值Mean 较对照变化Comparison with the control (%)
ZS11 D011 D363 D016 D064
0 9.39±0.131 a 7.97±0.345 a 9.17±0.390 a 5.39±0.401 a 9.24±0.259 a 8.23 0
30 8.35±0.372 ab 8.17±0.237 a 9.04±0.068 a 5.17±0.947 a 7.66±0.119 a 7.68 -6.72
60 6.78±1.084 bc 7.34±0.377 a 5.90±0.700 b 5.34±0.541 a 7.48±0.422 a 6.57 -20.24
90 6.97±0.240 bc 6.96±0.489 a 6.10±0.493 b 4.35±0.127 a 7.95±0.631 a 6.47 -21.45
120 5.71±0.699 c 4.65±0.560 b 3.81±0.468 c 2.79±0.244 b 4.00±0.952 b 4.19 -49.07
150 3.47±0.623 d 1.61±0.263 c 3.82±0.223 c 1.68±0.287 b 4.10±0.122 b 2.50 -69.65
240 2.10±0.123 d 2.39±0.347 c 3.83±0.745 c 1.79±0.546 b 2.32±0.149 b 2.27 -72.41

表2

铝毒胁迫下油菜品种(系)各指标的变化"

参数
Parameter		 根长
RL (cm)		 芽长
SL (cm)		 发芽势
GV (%)		 发芽率
GR (%)		 鲜重
FW (g)		 干重
DW (g)
对照 最大值Max. 12.75 3.09 100.00 100.00 0.55 0.06
Control 最小值Min. 1.79 0.80 12.50 40.00 0.14 0.02
均值Average 6.72** 1.65** 64.88** 69.05** 0.33** 0.04**
标准差SE 1.89 0.41 19.80 17.12 0.08 0.01
变异系数CV (%) 28.08 24.98 30.52 24.79 24.90 21.60
处理 最大值Max. 8.68 3.29 100.00 100.00 0.47 0.09
Treatment 最小值Min. 0.49 0.86 7.50 15.00 0.12 0.02
均值Average 4.55** 1.73** 68.65** 72.18** 0.28** 0.03**
标准差SE 1.50 0.42 20.17 18.66 0.08 0.01
变异系数CV (%) 32.96 24.49 29.38 25.85 27.71 26.41
较对照变化 均值Average (%) -32.36 4.86 5.81 4.53 -15.60 -4.26
Comparison with the control 变异系数CV (%) 17.38 -1.96 -3.73 4.26 11.28 22.24

图1

甘蓝型油菜不同指标耐性系数的频次分布 GV: 发芽势; GR: 发芽率; RL: 根长; SL: 芽长; FW: 鲜重; DW: 干重。"

表3

油菜各指标铝毒胁迫耐性系数(AC值) "

参数
Parameter		 发芽势
GV (%)		 发芽率
GR (%)		 鲜重
FW (g)		 干重
DW (g)		 根长
RL (cm)		 芽长
SL (cm)
最大值Max. 3.125 2.250 1.721 1.613 1.874 1.486
最小值Min. 0.278 0.316 0.394 0.710 0.271 0.698
均值Average 1.093 ** 1.064 ** 0.857** 0.959 ** 0.705 ** 1.059 **
标准差SE 0.325 0.258 0.191 0.121 0.257 0.137
变异系数CV (%) 29.717 24.263 22.249 12.650 36.528 12.888

表4

油菜各指标铝毒胁迫耐性系数相关系数"

测定指标
Index		 发芽势
GV (%)		 发芽率
GR (%)		 鲜重
FW (g)		 干重
DW (g)		 根长
RL (cm)		 芽长
SL (cm)
发芽势 GV 1
发芽率 GR 0.888** 1
鲜重 FW 0.026 0.008 1
干重 DW -0.167 -0.159 0.407** 1
根长 RL 0.157* 0.227** 0.420** 0.116 1
芽长 SL -0.032 -0.036 0.246** 0.128 0.154* 1

表5

各综合指标的特征值、贡献率和主成分特征向量值"

主成分Principal
component		 特征值Eigen value 贡献率
Variance
contribution ratio		 累计贡献率Accumulated variance contribution ratio 特征向量值 Eigen vector of measured indicators
发芽势
GV		 发芽率
GR		 鲜重
FW		 干重
DW		 根长
RL		 芽长
SL
1 2.005 33.418 33.418 0.944 0.956 0.090 -0.230 0.372 -0.015
2 1.771 29.522 62.940 -0.087 -0.068 0.837 0.652 0.616 0.505
3 0.885 14.747 77.688 -0.021 -0.031 -0.154 -0.407 -0.048 0.832
4 0.763 12.723 90.411 0.216 0.157 -0.039 0.511 -0.618 0.219

表6

铝毒胁迫下油菜品种(系)资源的ASF值、A值、WAC值排序"

品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 材料来源
Source		 ASF值
ASF value		 排序
Order		 A值
A value		 排序
Order		 WAC值
WAC value		 排序
Order
SWU7 重庆 Chongqing 0.35 59 0.12 58 0.90 88
SWU36 重庆 Chongqing 0.27 125 -0.61 129 0.79 136
SWU49 重庆 Chongqing 0.34 70 -0.07 80 0.90 91
SWU64 重庆 Chongqing 0.45 11 0.93 12 1.11 11
SWU69 重庆 Chongqing 0.40 25 0.44 26 1.00 33
SWU71 重庆 Chongqing 0.38 35 0.44 25 0.99 40
SWU77 重庆 Chongqing 0.40 26 0.20 45 0.97 49
SWU80 重庆 Chongqing 0.39 28 0.43 28 1.01 29
SWU81 重庆 Chongqing 0.38 39 0.11 60 1.02 27
SWU84 重庆 Chongqing 0.28 114 -0.40 114 0.86 117
SWU88 重庆 Chongqing 0.38 34 -0.07 79 0.97 45
SWU95 重庆 Chongqing 0.26 127 -0.75 136 0.85 119
SWU96 重庆 Chongqing 0.40 22 0.57 19 1.07 15
SWU99 重庆 Chongqing 0.39 31 0.17 49 0.97 43
SWU100 重庆 Chongqing 0.28 117 -0.34 109 0.86 112
SWU110 重庆 Chongqing 0.48 8 1.28 5 1.23 6
SWU111 重庆 Chongqing 0.31 98 -0.30 103 0.87 108
SWU112 重庆 Chongqing 0.37 44 0.10 62 0.98 41
1L187 湖北 Hubei 0.50 6 1.23 6 1.19 8
中双6号Zhongshuang 6 湖北 Hubei 0.41 19 0.83 14 1.07 16
1L191 湖北 Hubei 0.45 10 1.03 10 1.15 9
辐油4号 Fuyou 4 湖北 Hubei 0.32 88 -0.14 89 0.93 71
1L410 湖北 Hubei 0.29 110 -0.12 85 0.88 106
扬J6711 Yang J6711 湖北 Hubei 0.35 62 0.05 67 0.99 36
Monty 湖北 Hubei 0.35 54 0.14 54 0.97 46
史力丰 Shilifeng 湖北 Hubei 0.32 90 -0.15 90 0.91 82
青662A Qing 662A 湖北 Hubei 0.31 97 -0.30 104 0.90 89
WH-19 湖北 Hubei 0.50 7 1.15 8 1.20 7
11-9-704 湖北 Hubei 0.63 2 1.88 2 1.43 1
WH-95 湖北 Hubei 0.34 65 -0.34 108 0.91 83
NY7 湖北 Hubei 0.30 108 -0.15 91 0.88 100
华油6号 Huayou 6 湖北 Hubei 0.29 112 -0.39 113 0.84 122
华油10 Huayou 10 湖北 Hubei 0.39 29 0.32 34 0.96 51
Suigenshu 湖北 Hubei 0.43 14 0.68 18 1.03 24
华油4号 Huayou 4 湖北 Hubei 0.36 53 0.19 47 0.93 68
Y2 江苏 Jiangsu 0.30 106 -0.29 101 0.88 103
勺叶青 Shaoyeqing 江苏 Jiangsu 0.28 121 -0.46 118 0.83 125
沪激早 Lujizao 江苏 Jiangsu 0.32 87 0.14 55 0.94 64
大花球 Dahuaqiu 江苏 Jiangsu 0.33 82 -0.07 81 0.89 95
荣选 Rongxuan 江苏 Jiangsu 0.32 94 -0.21 96 0.90 87
宁油6号 Ningyou 6 江苏 Jiangsu 0.30 99 -0.45 117 0.85 118
广德8104 Guangde 8104 江苏 Jiangsu 0.38 36 0.39 30 1.01 30
宿84-6 Su 84-6 江苏 Jiangsu 0.35 60 0.06 65 0.96 50
芥65-1 Jie 65-1 江苏 Jiangsu 0.34 71 0.14 56 0.93 70
品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 材料来源
Source		 ASF值
ASF value		 排序
Order		 A值
A value		 排序
Order		 WAC值
WAC value		 排序
Order
SWU20 重庆 Chongqing 0.29 111 -0.36 111 0.88 102
SWU28 重庆 Chongqing 0.38 37 0.29 37 0.97 44
SWU40 重庆 Chongqing 0.41 20 0.44 24 1.06 17
SWU47 重庆 Chongqing 0.36 51 0.35 31 0.87 111
SWU48 重庆 Chongqing 0.23 137 -0.74 135 0.78 137
SWU56 重庆 Chongqing 0.23 138 -0.77 137 0.80 131
SWU59 重庆 Chongqing 0.20 143 -0.80 139 0.76 141
SWU65 重庆 Chongqing 0.24 135 -0.71 133 0.80 133
SWU92 重庆 Chongqing 0.28 119 -0.40 115 0.88 105
SWU101 重庆 Chongqing 0.27 126 -0.58 127 0.85 120
川油20 Chuanyou 20 四川 Sichuan 0.38 38 0.26 41 1.04 23
川油18 Chuanyou 18 四川 Sichuan 0.28 116 -0.34 107 0.90 86
CY12Q95406 四川 Sichuan 0.36 47 0.21 43 0.93 69
CY12Q8-7 四川 Sichuan 0.30 104 -0.53 121 0.86 113
CY12QSZ06 四川 Sichuan 0.19 146 -0.99 142 0.76 142
CY12Q95108 四川 Sichuan 0.25 133 -0.58 126 0.82 127
CY12Q21535-N3 四川 Sichuan 0.35 63 0.18 48 0.96 52
wx1025 湖南 Hunan 0.23 139 -0.96 141 0.77 140
wx10315 湖南 Hunan 0.34 69 -0.27 99 0.87 110
10-1358 湖南 Hunan 0.32 85 -0.78 138 0.77 138
湘油13号 Xiangyou 13 湖南 Hunan 0.11 148 -1.54 148 0.57 148
782 湖南 Hunan 0.27 124 -0.57 125 0.80 132
WX10329 湖南 Hunan 0.23 141 -1.06 144 0.76 143
509 湖南 Hunan 0.26 130 -0.66 131 0.80 130
1321 湖南 Hunan 0.30 100 -0.12 86 0.99 39
07022 湖北 Hubei 0.44 12 -0.20 95 1.01 31
07094 湖北 Hubei 0.32 89 -0.05 76 0.89 96
97097 湖北 Hubei 0.39 30 -0.25 98 0.95 57
RQ011 湖北 Hubei 0.40 23 -0.19 94 1.01 28
96021 湖北 Hubei 0.18 147 -1.03 143 0.73 145
01111 湖北 Hubei 0.38 33 -0.05 77 0.99 37
01570 湖北 Hubei 0.44 13 0.74 16 1.04 21
01188 湖北 Hubei 0.64 1 2.02 1 1.39 2
02354 湖北 Hubei 0.34 73 0.00 74 0.92 78
02359 湖北 Hubei 0.33 79 0.30 36 0.88 99
93205 湖北 Hubei 0.27 123 -0.56 124 0.77 139
93210 湖北 Hubei 0.34 68 0.15 53 0.97 48
Nca 湖北 Hubei 0.43 16 0.87 13 1.10 12
中双4号 Zhongshuang 4 湖北 Hubei 0.34 67 0.21 44 0.95 54
中双11号 Zhongshuang 11 湖北 Hubei 0.28 120 -0.51 120 0.83 126
2011-6308 湖北 Hubei 0.37 43 0.32 33 0.95 55
2012-3448 湖北 Hubei 0.23 140 -0.95 140 0.80 129
2012-5086 湖北 Hubei 0.32 86 -0.23 97 0.94 62
2012-8380 湖北 Hubei 0.30 102 -0.18 93 0.89 94
2012-8998 湖北 Hubei 0.40 21 0.51 23 1.00 34
品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 材料来源
Source		 ASF值
ASF value		 排序
Order		 A值
A value		 排序
Order		 WAC值
WAC value		 排序
Order
2012-9478 湖北 Hubei 0.36 48 0.25 42 1.04 20
希望106 Xiwang 106 湖北 Hubei 0.36 49 0.31 35 0.94 65
阳光198 Yangguang 198 湖北 Hubei 0.20 144 -1.19 147 0.71 147
中双10号 Zhongshuang 10 湖北 Hubei 0.35 56 0.16 52 0.92 72
中双12号 Zhongshuang 12 湖北 Hubei 0.36 50 0.44 27 0.99 35
中油589 Zhongyou 589 湖北 Hubei 0.40 24 0.53 21 1.03 25
华油13号 Huayou 13 湖北 Hubei 0.34 74 0.10 61 0.95 56
Rucabo 湖北 Hubei 0.35 55 0.05 68 0.94 66
WH-20 湖北 Hubei 0.37 42 0.26 40 1.04 22
WH-23 湖北 Hubei 0.37 41 0.27 39 1.00 32
WH-24 湖北 Hubei 0.34 77 0.12 59 0.92 76
WH-25 湖北 Hubei 0.33 78 0.00 72 0.94 60
WH-33 湖北 Hubei 0.43 15 0.95 11 1.09 13
WH-37 湖北 Hubei 0.34 66 0.06 66 0.88 101
WH-38 湖北 Hubei 0.30 105 -0.38 112 0.91 79
WH-41 湖北 Hubei 0.25 134 -0.56 123 0.79 135
WH-45 湖北 Hubei 0.31 96 -0.18 92 0.86 116
WH-49 湖北 Hubei 0.28 113 -0.46 119 0.89 93
WH-55 湖北 Hubei 0.51 5 1.13 9 1.23 5
WH-60 湖北 Hubei 0.40 27 0.41 29 1.02 26
甲预17棚 Jiayu 17 peng 湖北 Hubei 0.20 142 -1.15 146 0.72 146
甲预25棚 Jiayu 25 peng 湖北 Hubei 0.30 101 -0.12 87 0.89 92
甲预31棚 Jiayu 31 peng 湖北 Hubei 0.51 3 1.62 4 1.35 3
甲915 Jia 915 湖北 Hubei 0.42 18 0.72 17 1.08 14
甲922 Jia 922 湖北 Hubei 0.20 145 -1.08 145 0.75 144
甲917 Jia 917 湖北 Hubei 0.28 122 -0.36 110 0.88 107
甲931 Jia 931 湖北 Hubei 0.26 131 -0.61 128 0.84 123
甲963棚 Jia 963 peng 湖北 Hubei 0.34 64 0.28 38 0.97 47
沪油17号 Huyou 17 江苏 Jiangsu 0.29 109 -0.10 83 0.95 58
沪油15号Huyou 15 江苏 Jiangsu 0.46 9 1.15 7 1.13 10
宁油14号 Ningyou 14 江苏 Jiangsu 0.33 80 0.00 71 0.92 73
扬油6号 Yangyou 6 江苏 Jiangsu 0.34 72 0.09 63 0.92 77
苏油1号 Suyou 1 江苏 Jiangsu 0.30 107 -0.31 105 0.87 109
浙双8号 Zheshuang 8 江苏 Jiangsu 0.32 91 -0.03 75 0.88 104
浙油758 Zheyou 758 江苏 Jiangsu 0.28 118 -0.42 116 0.84 121
沪油19 Huyou 19 江苏 Jiangsu 0.24 136 -0.55 122 0.79 134
皖油 29 Wanyou 29 江苏 Jiangsu 0.37 40 0.52 22 0.99 38
至尊 Zhizun 青海 Qinghai 0.38 32 0.54 20 0.94 63
A117 陕西 Shaanxi 0.25 132 -0.72 134 0.89 97
B250 陕西 Shaanxi 0.34 76 -0.13 88 0.92 75
B265 陕西 Shaanxi 0.37 45 0.33 32 0.98 42
A109 陕西 Shaanxi 0.51 4 1.66 3 1.32 4
GY284 陕西 Shaanxi 0.30 103 -0.34 106 0.91 80
A97 陕西 Shaanxi 0.33 83 0.00 73 0.94 67
品种(系)
Cultivar (line)		 材料来源
Source		 ASF值
ASF value		 排序
Order		 A值
A value		 排序
Order		 WAC值
WAC value		 排序
Order
A148 陕西 Shaanxi 0.36 46 0.17 50 1.04 19
09-P32 湖北 Hubei 0.28 115 -0.29 102 0.86 114
10-P10 湖北 Hubei 0.36 52 0.13 57 0.92 74
11-P30 湖北 Hubei 0.33 81 -0.05 78 0.86 115
03IIB 甘肃 Gansu 0.34 75 0.04 69 0.91 81
DDI 甘肃 Gansu 0.33 84 0.08 64 0.91 84
06T9F 甘肃 Gansu 0.35 61 -0.07 82 0.94 61
03II4B 甘肃 Gansu 0.26 129 -0.62 130 0.84 124
03LF1 甘肃 Gansu 0.26 128 -0.70 132 0.81 128
9852 甘肃 Gansu 0.31 95 -0.28 100 0.91 85
06H7 甘肃 Gansu 0.35 57 0.20 46 0.95 59
CY18PXW-62 四川 Sichuan 0.43 17 0.77 15 1.05 18
96063 湖北 Hubei 0.35 58 0.16 51 0.90 90
浙油21 Zheyou 21 湖北 Hubei 0.32 92 0.02 70 0.96 53
97177 江苏 Jiangsu 0.32 93 -0.11 84 0.88 98

表7

供试油菜种质耐性评价指标的分级"

指标
Index		 类群 Class
I II III IV
AC值
AC value		 发芽势GV 1.533 1.105 1.057 0.850
发芽率GR 1.416 1.088 1.035 0.848
鲜重FW 1.064 0.898 0.811 0.754
干重DW 0.982 0.942 0.985 0.923
根长RL 1.036 0.757 0.657 0.517
芽长SL 1.161 1.140 1.026 0.933
ASF值 ASF value 0.480 0.365 0.320 0.239
WAC值 WAC value 1.178 0.969 0.907 0.786
A值 A value 1.146 0.269 -0.187 -0.788

图2

基于A值的供试种质耐性系统聚类图"

表8

供试油菜种质各指标AC值与A值的灰色关联度"

指标
Index		 关联度
Correlation degree		 权重
Weight		 排序
Rank
根长RL 0.313 0.213 1
鲜重FW 0.265 0.180 2
干重DW 0.246 0.168 3
芽长RL 0.218 0.149 4
发芽率GR 0.217 0.148 5
发芽势GV 0.208 0.142 6
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