作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1717-1724.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01717
张文英1,智慧2,柳斌辉1,王雪征1,庞昭进1,李积铭1,王广才1,李明哲1,王永芳3,李伟3,李海权3,贾冠清2,刁现民2,3,*
ZHANG Wen-Ying1,ZHI Hui2,LIU Bin-Hui1,WANG Xue-Zheng1,PANG Zhao-Jin1,LI Ji-Ming1,WANG Guang-Cai1,LI Ming-Zhe1,WANG Yong-Fang3,LI Wei3,LI Hai-Quan3,JIA Guan-Qing2,DIAO Xian-Min2,3,*
摘要:
根系在谷子生长发育过程中起着极为重要的作用。本试验以豫谷1号和青狗尾草杂交衍生的RIL群体196个家系为材料, 采用根管土柱栽培实测根系性状的方法, 调查谷子根系性状的变异及在土壤中垂直空间的分布情况。结果表明, 谷子单株根系长度平均为(89.42±32.67) m, 单株根系总面积平均为(2.74±0.93) dm2, 单株根系总体积平均为(30.94±13.93) mL, 单株根系根直径平均数为(0.52±0.06) mm, 单株根系平均干重为(0.98±0.45) g, 除根系直径外, 各根系性状在家系间均表现很高的变异系数; 单株根量垂直分布分析表明, 谷子根深可到2.4 m, 90%的根量分布在0~200 cm范围之内, 根量在土壤中整体分布呈“8”型架构; 根系性状和地上农艺性状的相关分析表明, 单株地上生物量和单株籽粒产量与地下根量呈极显著正相关, 是根系选择的间接指标。
| [1]Weaver J E. Root development of field crops. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1926. p 291[2]苗果园, 张云亭, 尹钧, 侯跃生, 潘幸来. 黄土高原旱地冬小麦根系生长规律的研究. 作物学报, 1989, 15: 104–115Miao G Y, Zhang Y T, Yin J, Hou Y S, Pan X L. A study on the development of root system in winter wheat under unirrigated conditions in semi-arid loess plateau. Acta Agron Sin, 1989, 15: 104–115 (in Chinese with English abstract)[3]蔡昆争, 骆世明, 段舜山. 水稻根系的空间分布及其与产量的关系. 华南农业大学学报, 2003, 24(3): 1–4Cai K Z, Luo S M, Duan S S. The Relationship between spatial distribution of rice root system and yield. J South China Agric Univ, 2003, 24(3): 1–4 (in Chinese with English abstract)[4]宋日, 吴春胜, 王成己, 郭继勋. 玉米深层根系对地上部营养生长和产量的影响. 玉米科学, 2002, 10: 63–67Song R, Wu C S, Wang C J, Guo J X. Effects of deep root system on above-ground vegetative growth and yield in maize. Maize Sci, 2002, 10: 63–67 (in Chinese with English abstract)[5]Qi W Z, Liu H H, Liu P, Dong S T, Zhao B Q, So H B, Li G, Liu H D, Zhang J W, Zhao B. Morphological and physiological characteristics of corn (Zea mays L.) roots from cultivars with different yield potentials. Eur J Agron, 2012, 38: 54–63[6]孙海波. 大豆根系及其与地上部分关系的研究. 东北农业大学硕士学位论文, 黑龙江哈尔滨, 2006. pp 24–25Sun H B. Study on Soybean Root Systems Along with Its Relations with Upperground Characteristics. MS Thesis of Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China, 2006. pp 24–25 (in Chinese with English abstract)[7]张喜英, 袁小良, 韩润娥, 王会肖. 冬小麦根系生长规律及土壤环境条件对其影响的研究. 生态农业研究, 1994, 2(3): 62–68Zhang X Y, Yuan X L, Han R E, Wang H X. Effects of soil conditions on root growth of winter wheat. Eco-Agric Res, 1994, 2(3): 62–68 (in Chinese with English abstract)[8]孙传清, 张文绪. 水稻根系性状和叶片水势的遗传及其相关研究. 中国农业科学, 1995, 8(1): 42–48Sun C Q, Zhang W X. Inheritance and correlation of root characteristics and leaf water potential in rice (Oryza sativa L). Sci Agric Sin, 1995, 8(1): 42–48 (in Chinese with English abstract)[9]宋海星, 李生秀. 玉米生长空间对根系吸收特性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36: 899–904Song H X, Li S X. Effects of root growing space of on maize its absorbing characteristics. Sci Agric Sin, 2003, 36: 899–904 (in Chinese with English abstract)[10]孙广玉, 张荣华, 黄忠文. 大豆根系在土层中分布特点的研究. 中国油料作物学报, 2002, 24: 45–47Sun G Y, Zhang R H, Huang Z W. Soybean root distributions in meadow-blackland and albic-soil. Chin J Oil Crop Sci, 2002, 24: 45–47 (in Chinese with English abstract)[11]苗果园, 尹钧, 张云亭, 张爱良. 中国北方主要作物根系生长的研究. 作物学报, 1998, 24: 1–6Miao G Y, Yin J, Zhang Y T, Zhang A L. Study on root growth of main crops in north China. Acta Agron Sin, 1998, 24: 1–6 (in Chinese with English abstract)[12]杨丽雯, 张永清. 4种旱作谷类作物根系发育规律的研究. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44: 2244–2251Yang L W, Zhang Y Q. Developing patterns of root systems of four cereal crops planted in dryland areas. Sci Agric Sin, 2011, 44: 2244–2251 (in Chinese with English abstract)[13]刁现民. 中国谷子产业与产业技术体系. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2011. pp 20–30Diao X M. Chinese Industry and Technical System of Foxtail Millet. Beijing: China Agricultural Sciences and Technology Press, 2011. pp 20–30 (in Chinese)[14]山西省农业科学院, 中国谷子栽培学. 北京: 农业出版社, 1987. pp 323–325Shanxi Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Millet Cultivation in China. Beijing: Agriculture Press, 1987. pp 323–325 (in Chinese)[15]张喜英, 籍贵苏. 不同谷子品种根系及其特性差异研究. 中国生态农业学报, 1997, 5(3): 37–39Zhang X Y, Ji G S. Variations of root, leaf water potentials and stomatal resistance among ten millet varieties. Chin J Eco-Agric, 1997, 5(3): 37–39 (in Chinese with English abstract)[16]Bennetzen J, Schmutz J, Wang H, Percifield R, Hawkins J, Pontaroli A C, Estep M, Feng L, Vaughn JN, Grimwood J, Jenkins J, Barry K, Lindquist E, Hellsten U, Deshpande S, Wang X, Wu X, Mitros T, Triplett J, Yang X, Ye C, Mauro-Herrera M, Wang L, Li P, Sharma M, Sharma R, Ronald P C, Panaud O, Kellogg E A, Brutnell T P, Doust A N, Tuskan G A, Rokhsar D, Devos K M. Reference genome sequence of the model plant Setaria. Nat Biotechnol, 2012, 30: 555–561[17]陆平. 谷子种质资源描述规范和数据标准. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2006Lu P. Descriptors and Data Standard for Foxtail Millet. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2006 (in Chinese)[18]唐启义, 冯明光. 实用统计分析及其计算机处理平台. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2007. pp 46–70Tang Q Y, Feng M G. Practical Statistical Analysis and platform of Computer Processing. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007. pp 46–70 (in Chinese)[19]张喜英, 籍贵苏. 谷子根系生长发育规律及其在土壤中分布的动态模拟. 华北农学报, 1997, 12(3): 83–87Zhang X Y, Ji G S. Growth and developmental rhythm of millet root system and its dynamic distribution in soil. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin, 1997, 12(3): 83–87 (in Chinese with English abstract)[20]董桂春, 王余龙, 吴华, 周小冬, 单玉华, 王坚刚, 蔡惠荣, 蔡建中. 水稻主要根系性状对施氮时期反应的品种间差异. 作物学报, 2003, 29: 871–877Dong G C, Wang Y L, Wu H , Zhong X D, Shan Y H, Wang J G, Cai H R, Cai J Z. Varietal differences in response of main root traits to nitrogen application time in rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2003, 29: 871–877 (in Chinese with English abstract)[21]马元喜. 不同土壤小麦根系生长动态的研究. 作物学报, 1987, 13: 37–44Ma Y X. A Study on growing dynamic of wheat root system in various soils. Acta Agron Sin, 1987, 13: 37–44 (in Chinese with English abstract)[22]Yamaguchi J, Tanaka A. Quantitative observation on the root system of various crops growing in the field. Soil Sci Plant Nutr, 1990, 36: 483–493[23]刘殿英, 石立岩, 黄炳茄, 董庆余. 冬小麦根系与地上部性状相关性的研究. 山东农业大学学报, 1993, 24: 359–364Liu D Y, Shi L Y, Huang B R, Dong Q Y. Root system in relation to characteristics of top in winter wheat. J Shandong Agric Univ, 1993, 24: 359–364 (in Chinese with English abstract)[24]石庆华, 黄英金, 李木英, 徐益群, 谭雪明, 张佩莲. 水稻根系性状与地上部分的相关及根系性状的遗传研究. 中国农业科学, 1997, 30(4): 61–67Shi Q H, Huang Y J, Li M Y, Xu Y Q, Tan X M, Zhang P L. Studies on the heredity of root characteristics and correlation between the characteristics of roots and upperground parts in rice. Sci Agric Sin, 1997, 30(4): 61–67 ( in Chinese with English abstract)[25]杜红霞, 冯浩, 吴普特, 王百群. 水、氮调控对夏玉米根系特性的影响. 干旱地区农业研究, 2013, 3(1): 89–100Du H X, Feng H, Wu P T, Wang B Q. Influence of water and N fertilizer regulation on root growth characteristics of summer maize. Agric Res Arid Areas, 2013, 31(1): 89–100 (in Chinese with English abstract) |
| [1] | 陈雪燕, 何华川, 李政嘉, 董新盼, 李藕琪, 刘小云, 李丹萍, 陈志伟, 刘国霞, 吕胜源, 吴印莹, 赵振东, 曹新有, 万何平. 水培盐碱复合胁迫下‘济麦60’苗期根系有机酸分泌动态变化及其转录调控机制[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1859-1875. |
| [2] | 马小倩, 秦娜, 代书桃, 秦家范, 李小艳, 王淑婷, 刘忠玲, 李君霞. 175份谷子种质在2种环境下的表型变异分析[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(6): 1757-1773. |
| [3] | 郭星宇, 胡丹, 林苏期, 王梦凯, 谭文峰, 黄传琴. 生物炭配施化肥提高玉米‖大豆下玉米产量和土壤生态系统多功能性[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(5): 1536-1547. |
| [4] | 刘吉昌, 李思烨, 李雪婷, 王洪章, 刘鹏, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝, 任昊. 盐胁迫对不同耐盐型夏玉米品种根系生长及养分吸收效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2026, 52(2): 565-577. |
| [5] | 李云香, 郭千纤, 侯万伟, 张小娟. 引进ICARDA小麦苗期根系抗旱性状的全基因组关联分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(9): 2387-2398. |
| [6] | 蔡金珊, 李超男, 王景一, 李宁, 柳玉平, 景蕊莲, 李龙, 孙黛珍. 小麦幼苗根系性状全基因组关联分析及TaSRL-3B优异等位基因发掘[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(8): 2020-2032. |
| [7] | 沈傲, 刘敏, 倪迪安, 刘炜. 谷子m6A甲基转移酶基因SiMTA1的启动子序列特征和基因表达模式分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(7): 1969-1978. |
| [8] | 王若楠, 张颖星, 于筱菡, 刘少雄, 王跃, 薛亚鹏, 辛旭霞, 张莉, 刘敏轩. 基于近红外快速检测技术的谷子淀粉多样性分析及模型构建[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(7): 1757-1768. |
| [9] | 梁红凯, 赵苏蒙, 陆琼, 周鹏, 智慧, 刁现民, 贺强. 谷子微核心种质的构建[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(6): 1435-1444. |
| [10] | 邹逸淼, 于湘萍, 苗玉聪, 蔡倩, 杜桂娟, 赵凤艳, 张诗雨, 李双异, 白伟. 耕层构造后东北旱作农田土壤有机碳组分积累及其稳定性特征[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(5): 1277-1285. |
| [11] | 郭绪虎, 李灵芝, 李凤, 马博岩, 贾晓宇. I型MADS-box基因SlMADS79调控番茄株型的功能研究[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(4): 982-991. |
| [12] | 郭冰, 秦家范, 李娜, 宋梦瑶, 王黎明, 李君霞, 马小倩. 谷子SHMT基因家族全基因组鉴定与表达分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(3): 586-5897. |
| [13] | 张辰煜, 葛军勇, 褚俊聪, 王星宇, 赵宝平, 杨亚东, 臧华栋, 曾昭海. 燕麦红芸豆带状间作的产量效应及根系形态与土壤酶活性[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(2): 459-469. |
| [14] | 朱灿灿, 李君霞, 景雅, 付森杰, 秦娜, 王春义, 代书桃, 魏昕, 张程炀. 不同耐荫性谷子对遮阴的生理响应及转录组分析[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(12): 3211-3223. |
| [15] | 王媛, 许佳茵, 董二伟, 王劲松, 刘秋霞, 黄晓磊, 焦晓燕. 有机肥替代化肥氮对谷子氮素累积、产量及品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2025, 51(1): 149-160. |
|
||