欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (03): 427-436.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00427

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

机插早稻分蘖成穗特性及基本苗公式参数研究

吕伟生,曾勇军*,石庆华,潘晓华,黄山,商庆银,谭雪明,李木英,胡水秀   

  1. 江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心 / 作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室 / 江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室，江西南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-28 修回日期:2015-11-20 出版日期:2016-03-12 网络出版日期:2015-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 曾勇军, E-mail: zengyj2002@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B04), 国家公益性行业科研专项(201303102), 国家农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB2C500244), 江西省高等学校科技落地计划(KJLD12003), 江西省水稻产业体系专项(JXARS-02-03), 江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2014-B034)和中国农业科学院水稻高效栽培技术创新团队项目资助。

Tillering and Panicle Formation Characteristics of Machine-transplanted Early Rice and Its Parameters of Basic Population Formulae

LÜ Wei-Sheng,ZENG Yong-Jun*,SHI Qing-Hua,PAN Xiao-Hua,HUANG Shan,SHANG Qing-Yin,TAN Xue-Ming,LI Mu-Ying,HU Shui-Xiu   

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice, Jiangxi Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Nanchang 330045, China?
  • Received:2015-05-28 Revised:2015-11-20 Published:2016-03-12 Published online:2015-12-18
  • Contact: 曾勇军, E-mail: zengyj2002@163.com
  • Supported by:

    This study was supported by the Key Project of the National Twelfth-Five Year Research Program of China (2011BAD16B04), Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (201303102), National Transformation Fund for Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements (2013GB2C500244), Science and Technology Plan of Action for Universities and Colleges in Jiangxi Province (KJLD12003), Special Fund for Rice Industry System of Jiangxi Province (JXARS-02-03), Special Fund Project for Graduate Student Innovation in Jiangxi Province (YC2014-B034) and Innovation Team Project for Efficient Cultivation Technology of Rice of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

RichHTML

PDF

949

被引次数

6

摘要：

为精确定量机插早稻适宜的群体起点，合理利用分蘖成穗，以4个早稻(株两优30、株两优189、中嘉早17和嘉早311)品种(组合)为材料，研究了机插早稻分蘖成穗特性及基本苗公式参数。结果表明，机插早稻一次分蘖主要发生在主茎第3~6叶位，第4、第5叶位为分蘖发生与成穗的优势叶位；二次分蘖发生较少，以1/3、2/3、1/4为主，但均不能成穗；单株分蘖成穗数杂交稻约3.1个，常规稻约2.2个；主茎及优势蘖位穗部性状较好，产量高，对总产量贡献大。早稻在三叶期左右移栽，杂交稻移栽分蘖缺位叶龄(bn)为1.7~1.8，校正系数(a)为−1.2~ −1.1，有效分蘖发生率(r)为0.75左右；常规稻bn为2.5~2.7，a为−1.3~ −1.1，r为0.7左右。生产中机插早稻应在保证足够基本苗的基础上，争取分蘖早生多发，充分发挥优势叶位的分蘖成穗优势，并合理利用动摇分蘖成穗，以获取较多的有效穗而实现高产。

关键词: 机插早稻, 分蘖特性, 成穗规律, 基本苗, 参数

Abstract:

To accurately determine planting density and make reasonably use of tillers for machine-transplanted early rice, we examined the tillering and panicle formation characteristics and the parameters related to basic population formulae with four early rice combinations (Zhuliangyou 30, Zhuliangyou 189, Zhongjiazao 17, and Jiazao 311). Results showed that the primary tillers of the machine-transplanted early rice initiated mainly from leaf 3 to leaf 6 on main stems with leaves 4 and 5 being the superior positions for tiller initiation and panicle formation. Secondary tillers initiated mainly in 1/3, 2/3, 1/4, but could not form panicles. The panicle number per seedling was 3.1 and 2.2 for hybrid rice and inbred rice, respectively. Panicles at superior leaf positions on both main stems and tillers showed better properties and higher productivity, thus making greater contributions to the yield. For hybrid rice mechanically transplanted at the stage with 3 to 4 leaves, the leaf age without tillering (bn) was 1.7 to 1.8, with the correction factor (a) of −1.2 to −1.1 and the percentage of productive tillers (r) of 0.75. For inbred rice, the bn, a, and r were 2.5 to 2.7, −1.3 to −1.1, and 0.7, respectively. In conclusion, in order to obtain a high yield of machine-transplanted early rice, the key strategy is to ensure a sufficient number of basic seedlings, and promote tillering as early and many as possible, whereby increasing the percentage of productive tillers.

Key words: Machine-transplanted early rice, Tillering characteristics, Rules of panicle formation, Basic population, Parameters

[1]詹可, 邹应斌. 水稻分蘖特性及成穗规律研究进展. 作物研究, 2007, 21: 588−592

Zhan K, Zou Y B. Research progress in tillering characteristics and panicle laws of rice. Crop Res, 2007, 21: 588−592 (in Chinese)

[2]凌启鸿. 作物群体质量. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 2000. pp 107−149

Ling Q H. The Quality of Crop Population. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, 2000. pp 107−149 (in Chinese)

[3]凌启鸿. 水稻精确定量栽培理论与技术. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2007. pp 76−91

Ling Q H. Theory and Technology of Rice Precision and Quantitative Cultivar. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007. pp 76−91 (in Chinese)

[4]莫惠栋. 根据主茎叶龄计算稻麦理论分蘖数的公式. 中国农业科学, 1983, 16(2): 33−36

Mo H D. Formulae for calculating the theoretic number of tillers in rice, wheat and barley according to main culm leaf-age. Sci Agric Sin, 1983, 16(2): 33−36 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[5]莫惠栋. 关于稻麦理论分蘖数计算公式的一些补充. 作物学报, 1992, 18: 312−316

Mo H D. A supplement for the calculation of theoretical number of tillers in riee, wheat and barley. Acta Agron Sin, 1992, 18: 312−316 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[6]李刚华, 王绍华, 杨从党, 黄庆宇, 李德安, 宁加朝, 凌启鸿, 丁艳锋. 超高产水稻适宜单株成穗数的定量计算. 中国农业科学, 2008, 41: 3556−3562

Li G H, Wang S H, Yang C D, Huang Q Y, Li D A, Ning J C, Ling Q H, Ding Y F. Quantitative calculation of optimum panicle number per plant of super high-yield rice. Sci Agric Sin, 2008, 41: 3556−3562 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[7]蒋彭炎, 姚长溪, 任正龙. 水稻高产新技术——稀、少、平栽培的原理与应用. 杭州: 浙江科学技术出版社, 1989. pp 26−30

Jiang P Y, Yao C X, Ren Z L. New High-yield Cultivation Technique of Rice—Principle and Application of Thin, Less, Flat Cultivation Technique. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Science and Technology Press, 1989. pp 26−30 (in Chinese)

[8]潘晓华, 陈小荣, 杨福孙. 双季水稻塑盘旱育抛栽基本苗公式的建立. 中国水稻科学, 2006, 20: 290−294

Pan X H, Chen X R, Yang F S. Formula about basic population under scattered—Planting with dry-raised seedling in plastic trays for double-season rice. Chin J Rice Sci, 2006, 20: 290−294 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[9]霍中洋. 长江中游地区双季早稻超高产形成特征及精确定量栽培关键技术研究. 扬州大学博士学位论文, 江苏扬州, 2010

Huo Z Y. Study on Super-high Yield Formational Characteristics of Early Rice in the Double-cropping System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River and Its key Techniques of Precise and Quantitative Cultivation. PhD Dissertation of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China, 2010 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[10]李荣田, 崔成焕, 姜廷波, 秋太权, 龚振平. 水稻品种分蘖特性对产量影响分析. 东北农业大学学报, 1996, 27(1): 9−14

Li R T, Cui C H, Jiang T B, Qiu T Q, Gong Z P. Analysis of effect of tillering traits on yielding among rice varieties. J Northeast Agric Univ, 1996, 27(1): 9−14 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[11]李杰, 张洪程, 龚金龙, 常勇, 吴桂成, 郭振华, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 稻麦两熟地区不同栽培方式超级稻分蘖特性及其与群体生产力的关系. 作物学报, 2011, 37: 309−320

Li J, Zhang H C, Gong J L, Chang Y, Wu G C, Guo Z H, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. Tillering characteristics and its relationships with population productivity of super rice under different cultivation methods in rice-wheat cropping areas. Acta Agron Sin, 2011, 37: 309–320 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[12]袁奇, 于林惠, 石世杰, 邵建国, 丁艳锋. 机插秧每穴栽插苗数对水稻分蘖与成穗的影响. 农业工程学报, 2007, 23(10): 121−125

Yuan Q, Yu L H, Shi S J, Shao J G, Ding Y F. Effects of different quantities of planting seedlings per hill on outgrowth and tiller production for machine-transplanted rice. Trans CSAE, 2007, 23(10): 121−125 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[13]乔晶, 王强盛, 王绍华, 刘正辉, 郝正华, 丁艳锋. 机插杂交粳稻基本苗数对分蘖发生与成穗的影响. 南京农业大学学报, 2010, 33(1): 6−10

Qiao J, Wang Q S, Wang S H, Liu Z H, Hao Z H, Ding Y F. Effects of basic seedlings on tiller emerging and earbearing of machine-transplanted hybrid japonica rice. J Nanjing Agric Univ, 2010, 33(1): 6−10 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[14]凌励. 机插水稻分蘖发生特点及配套高产栽培技术改进的研究. 江苏农业科学, 2005, (3): 14−19

Ling L. Study on tillering characteristics and improvement of the matching high-yielding cultivation techniques for mechanical transplanting rice. J Jiangsu Agric Sci, 2005, (3): 14−19 (in Chinese)

[15]韩正光, 韩国华, 于秀梅, 吕元荣, 王登宇. 机插水稻分蘖发生特点及其成穗规律研究. 上海农业科技, 2003, (5): 24−25

Han Z G, Han G H, Yu X M, Lü Y R, Wang D Y. Study on characteristics of tillering emerging and panicle law of mechanical transplanting rice. Shanghai Agric Sci Technol, 2003, (5): 24−25 (in Chinese)

[16]郭振华, 荆爱霞, 李华, 王永芳, 於永杰, 钱宗华, 李杰, 钱银飞, 霍中洋, 张洪程. 南方粳型超级稻不同方式超高产栽培的分蘖特性及其与产量形成的关系. 中国稻米, 2012, 18(1): 45–49

Guo Z H, Jing A X, Li H, Wang Y F, Yu Y J, Qian Z H, Li J, Qian Y F, Huo Z Y, Zhang H C. Tillering characteristics and its relationships with population productivity of super japonica rice under different cultivation methods in south. China Rice, 2012, 18(1): 45–49 (in Chinese)

[17]张洪程, 龚金龙. 中国水稻种植机械化高产农艺研究现状及发展探讨. 中国农业科学, 2014, 47: 1273−1289

Zhang H C, Gong J L. Research status and development discussion on high-yielding agronomy of mechanized planting rice in China. Sci Agric Sin, 2014, 47: 1273–1289 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[18]陈惠哲, 朱德峰, 林贤青, 张玉屏. 稀植条件下杂交稻分蘖成穗规律和穗粒结构研究. 杂交水稻, 2004, 19(6): 51−54

Chen H Z, Zhu D F, Lin X Q, Zhang Y P. Studies on the tillering dynamics and panicle formation and composition of panicles of hybrid rice under sparse transplanting density. Hybrid Rice, 2004, 19(6): 51−54 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[19]祁玉良, 石守设, 鲁伟林, 余新春, 何道君, 余明慧, 胡建涛. 不同栽植密度杂交稻分蘖成穗规律及其穗部性状研究. 中国农学通报, 2006, 22(5): 177−181

Qi Y L, Shi S S, Lu W L, Yu X C, He D J, Yu M H, Hu J T. Studies on the characters of panicle and its formation rules from tillers of hybrid rice at different transplanting densities. Chin Agric Sci Bull, 2006, 22(5): 177−181 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[20]周汉良, 王玉珍, 甄英肖, 丁秀兰, 宁文书, 郑秋玲. 水稻蘖位优势的形成规律与高产利用研究. 华北农学报, 1998, 13(1): 57−60

Zhou H L, Wang Y Z, Zhen Y X, Ding X L, Ning W S, Zheng Q L. Formation of the superiority of rice tillering positions and its utilization for high yield. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin, 1998, 13(1): 57−60 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[21]周汉良, 鲁学林, 郑秋玲. 水稻中位蘖的分蘖规律与生产力研究. 华北农学报, 2000, 15(2): 112−117

Zhou H L, Lu X L, Zheng Q L. Studies on tiller regularity of middle tillering part and productive forces of rice. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin, 2000, 15(2): 112−117 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[22]韦还和, 李超, 张洪程, 孙玉海, 孟天瑶, 杨筠文, 马荣荣, 王晓燕, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 水稻甬优12超高产群体分蘖特性及其与群体生产力的关系. 作物学报, 2014, 40: 1819−1829

Wei H H, Li C, Zhang H C, Sun Y H, Meng T Y, Yang J W, Ma R R, Wang X Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. Tillering characteristics and its relationship with population productivity of super-high yield rice population of Yongyou 12. Acta Agron Sin, 2014, 40: 1819−1829 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[23]Samonte S O P B, Wilson L T, Tabien R E. Maximum node production rate and main culm node number contributions to yield and yield-related traits in rice. Field Crops Res. 2006, 96: 313−319

[24]Mohapatra P K, Kariali E. Time of emergence determines the pattern of dominance of rice tillers. Aust J Crop Sci, 2008, 1(2): 53−62

[25]蒋彭炎. 科学种稻新技术. 北京: 金盾出版社, 1999. pp 5−8

Jiang P Y. Scientific and New Cultivation Technique of Rice. Beijing: Jindun Press, 1999. pp 5−8 (in Chinese)

[26]李冬霞, 隗溟, 廖学群. 水稻不同节位和数量分蘖对经济产量的作用. 西南农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 28: 366−368

Li D X, Wei M, Liao X Q. Effects of tillering position and tiller number on economic yield of paddy rice. J Southwest Agric Univ (Nat Sci Edn), 2006, 28: 366−368 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[27]李刚华, 于林惠, 侯朋福, 王绍华, 刘正辉, 王强盛, 凌启鸿, 丁艳锋. 机插水稻适宜基本苗定量参数的获取与验证. 农业工程学报, 2012, 28(8): 98−104

Li G H, Yu L H, Hou P F, Wang S H, Liu Z H, Wang Q S, Ling Q H, Ding Y F. Calculation and verification of quantitative parameters of optimal planting density of machine-transplant rice. Trans CSAE, 2012, 28(8): 98−104 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[28]叶厚专, 李艳大, 沈显华, 古新序, 药林桃, 舒时富, 万鹏, 江向荣, 王水发, 尹国庆. 不同机插行距对水稻产量的影响. 中国农机化, 2012, (4): 59−62

Ye H Z, Li Y D, Shen X H, Gu X X, Yao L T, Shu S F, Wan P, Jiang X R, Wang S F, Yin G Q. Effects of different machine-transplanted row spacing on rice yield. Chin Agric Mechanization, 2012, (4): 59−62 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[29]朱德峰, 陈惠哲, 徐一成, 张玉屏. 我国双季稻生产机械化制约因子与发展对策. 中国稻米, 2013, 19(4): 1−4

Zhu D F, Chen H Z, Xu Y C, Zhang Y P. The countermeasures for development and constricting factors of mechanization of double rice planting in China. China Rice, 2013, 19(4): 1−4 (in Chinese)
[1] 王泽, 周钦阳, 刘聪, 穆悦, 郭威, 丁艳锋, 二宫正士. 基于无人机和地面图像的田间水稻冠层参数估测与评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1248-1261.
[2] 王洋洋, 贺利, 任德超, 段剑钊, 胡新, 刘万代, 郭天财, 王永华, 冯伟. 基于主成分-聚类分析的不同水分冬小麦晚霜冻害评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 448-462.
[3] 徐龙龙, 殷文, 胡发龙, 范虹, 樊志龙, 赵财, 于爱忠, 柴强. 水氮减量对地膜玉米免耕轮作小麦主要光合生理参数的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 437-447.
[4] 马博闻, 李庆, 蔡剑, 周琴, 黄梅, 戴廷波, 王笑, 姜东. 花前渍水锻炼调控花后小麦耐渍性的生理机制研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 151-164.
[5] 李静, 王洪章, 刘鹏, 张吉旺, 赵斌, 任佰朝. 夏玉米不同栽培模式花后叶片光合性能的差异[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(7): 1351-1359.
[6] 张矞勋, 齐拓野, 孙源, 璩向宁, 曹媛, 吴梦瑶, 刘春虹, 王磊. 高分六号遥感影像植被特征及其在冬小麦苗期LAI反演中的应用[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(12): 2532-2540.
[7] 崔颖, 蔺宏宏, 谢云, 刘素红. AquaCrop模型在东北黑土区作物产量预测中的应用研究[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(1): 159-168.
[8] 韦还和,葛佳琳,张徐彬,孟天瑶,陆钰,李心月,陶源,丁恩浩,陈英龙,戴其根. 盐胁迫下粳稻品种南粳9108分蘖特性及其与群体生产力的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(8): 1238-1247.
[9] 李宗飞,苏继霞,费聪,李阳阳,刘宁宁,戴宇祥,张开祥,王开勇,樊华,陈兵. 基于高光谱数据的滴灌甜菜叶片全氮含量估算[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(4): 557-570.
[10] 侯红乾,林洪鑫,刘秀梅,冀建华,刘益仁,蓝贤瑾,吕真真,周卫军. 长期施肥处理对双季晚稻叶绿素荧光特征及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(02): 280-289.
[11] 郭丽丽,张茜茜,郝立华,乔雅君,陈文娜,卢云泽,李菲,曹旭,王清涛,郑云普. 大气CO2倍增条件下冬小麦气体交换对高温干旱及复水过程的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(6): 949-956.
[12] 聂志刚,李广,雒翠萍,马维伟,代永强. 利用混合蛙跳算法优化基于APSIM的旱地小麦产量形成模型参数[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(8): 1229-1236.
[13] 李菲,刘亮,张浩,王清涛,郭丽丽,郝立华,张茜茜,曹旭,梁伟佳,郑云普. CO2浓度对大豆叶片气孔特征和气体交换参数的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(8): 1212-1220.
[14] 吕伟生,曾勇军,石庆华,潘晓华,黄山,商庆银,谭雪明,李木英,胡水秀,曾研华. 双季机插稻叶龄模式参数及高产品种特征[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(12): 1844-1857.
[15] 武海霞,郭丽丽,郝立华,张浩,王清涛,程东娟,彭正萍,李菲,张茜茜,李树彬,徐明,郑云普. 水分和CO2浓度对冬小麦气孔特征、气体交换参数和生物量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(10): 1570-1576.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2