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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (02): 306-312.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.00306

• • 上一篇    

基于田间表型和Bru1基因检测分析甘蔗褐锈病抗性遗传

李竹, 许莉萍*(), 苏亚春, 吴期滨, 成伟, 孙婷婷, 高世武   

  1. 福建农林大学农业部福建甘蔗生物学与遗传育种重点实验室, 福建福州 350002;
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-13 接受日期:2017-11-21 出版日期:2018-02-12 网络出版日期:2017-12-04
  • 通讯作者: 许莉萍
  • 作者简介:

    lizhu7799@163.com

  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31571732)和国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-20)资助

Analysis of Brown Rust Resistance Inheritance Based on Field Phenotypes and Detection of Bru1 Gene in Sugarcane

Zhu LI, Li-Ping XU*(), Ya-Chun SU, Qi-Bin WU, Wei CHENG, Ting-Ting SUN, Shi-Wu GAO   

  1. Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding (Fujian), Ministry of Agriculture / Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China;
  • Received:2017-04-13 Accepted:2017-11-21 Published:2018-02-12 Published online:2017-12-04
  • Contact: Li-Ping XU
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571732) and the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-20).

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摘要：

由黑顶柄锈菌(Puccinia melanocephala)引起的甘蔗褐锈病具有产孢量大、流行性强的特点, 可导致甘蔗产量和蔗糖分的严重损失, 了解抗病性遗传有助于抗锈病育种中的亲本选择和组合配制, 而有效的抗性鉴定技术则是分离个体选择所必需的。本研究以甘蔗分离群体为材料, 利用表型与抗褐锈病主效基因Bru1检测相结合, 研究甘蔗褐锈病抗性遗传倾向并评价Bru1基因检测与表型抗性的关联性。结果显示, 发病盛期, 感病个体中, Bru1基因未检出率为96.7%, 但未感病个体中, Bru1基因的检出率仅为66.0%, 且高抗组合CP84-1198×云蔗89-7群体中的未感病个体, 该基因检出率为0, 尽管也发现有2个组合的未感病个体中, 该基因的检出率为100%。说明由Bru1基因控制的抗性可根据该基因的检测结果判断其抗/感病性, 同时, 甘蔗基因池中还存在其他未知的控制抗病性状的主效基因。值得强调的是, 父母本的抗病性均影响杂交后代的抗病性, 但以抗病亲本为父本的组合, 其分离群体的感病个体明显减少, 说明父本对杂交后代的褐锈病抗性影响可能更大。

关键词: 甘蔗, 褐锈病, 分离群体, 抗病性遗传, Bru1基因, 发病率

Abstract:

With characteristics of high pathogenic spore yield and strong popularity, sugarcane brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala leads to a serious loss in sugarcane yield and sucrose content. An understanding of the inheritance of brown rust resistance will contribute to parent selections and combination arrangements, while an efficient technique for resistance identification is necessary for selection of segregated individuals. Combination phenotypic survey with Bru1 gene detection, the segregated population derived from crossing combinations with different brown rust resistances was used to explore rust resistance inheritance and evaluate the efficiency of Bru1 gene detection. The undetected rate of Bru1 gene in the individuals with rust sensitivity at the stage of prosperous epidemic peak was 96.7%, while the detected rate in all uninfected individuals was only 66.0% in spite of two from four combinations showed 100.0% in resistant individuals. It indicates the disease sensitivity and resistance can be estimated based on the detection of Bru1 gene in the genetic background with rust resistance regulated by Bru1. In addition, none of the healthy individuals in the segregated population derived from combination of CP84-1198 × Yunzhe 89-7 have Bru1 gene been detected, suggesting the new resistance genes, different from Bru1, are present in sugarcane gene pool. In addition, both maternal and paternal components affected the rust susceptibility of their offspring, but male parent other than female parent tended to transmit a higher frequency of rust-susceptible genes.

Key words: sugarcane, brown rust, segregation population, inheritance of disease resistance, Bru1 gene, incidence rate

表1

甘蔗褐锈病抗病性鉴定评价标准"

分级标准
Grade		 抗病性
Resistance		 叶片侵染状况
Leaf infection performance
1 高抗
High resistance		 无症状。
No symptoms.
2 抗病
Resistance		 有坏死斑, 病斑占叶面积10%以下。
The area of necrotic spots on leaves is lower than 10%.
3
 中抗
Moderate resistance		 植株上有一些孢子堆, 病斑占叶面积11%~25%。
There are piles of spores visible on the plant. The percentages of lesion spots’ area to leaf area are 11%-25%.
4
 中感
Moderate susceptibility		 上层1~3片叶有一些孢子堆, 同时下层叶有许多孢子堆, 病斑占叶面积26%~35%。
There are some spore piles from leaf 1 to leaf 3 at the top and many spores on lower leaves. The percentages of lesion spots’ area in leaf are 26%-35%.
5
 感病1
Susceptibility 1		 上层1~3片叶有极多孢子堆, 同时下层叶有轻微的坏死, 病斑占叶面积36%~50%。
There are abundant spore piles from leaf 1 to leaf 3 at the top and slight necrotic spots on lower leaves. The percentages of lesion spots’ area in leaf are 36%-50%.
6
 感病2
Susceptibility 2		 上层1~3片叶有极多孢子堆且下层叶有比第5级更多的坏死, 病斑占叶面积51%~60%。
There are abundant spore piles from leaf 1 to leaf 3 at the top and more necrotic spots on lower leaves than those at grade 5. The percentages of lesion spots’ area in leaf are 51%-60%.
7
 感病3
Susceptibility 3		 上层1~3片叶有极多孢子堆, 下层叶坏死, 病斑占叶面积61%~75%。
There are abundant spore piles from leaf 1 to leaf 3 at the top and necrotic spots on lower leaves. The percentages of lesion spots’ area in leaf are 61%-75%.
8
 高感1
High susceptibility 1		 上层1~3片叶有某些坏死, 病斑占叶面积76%~90%。
There are some necrotic spots from leaf 1 to leaf 3 at the top. The percentages of lesion spots’ area in leaf are 76%-90%.
9
 高感2
High susceptibility 2		 叶片坏死, 植株濒于死亡, 病斑占叶面积91%~100%。
Leaves are necrotic and plants are almost dead. The percentages of lesion spots’ area in leaf are 91%-100%.

表2

甘蔗杂交亲本及其分离群体的褐锈病抗性、Bru1基因及发病率鉴定结果"

杂交组合
Hybrid combination
(♀ × ♂)		 母本抗性等级/ Bru1检出结果
Resistance rank for female parent/ detected Bru1		 父本抗性等级/ Bru1检出结果
Resistance rank for male parent/ detected Bru1		 分离群体在发病盛期的
褐锈病发生率
Incidence rate in segregation population at the peak (%)
ROC251) × 柳城03-11372)
ROC25 × Liucheng 03-1137		 高抗/ Y
High resistance/ Y		 感病2/ N
Susceptibility 2/ N		 39.0
ROC25 × 粤糖84-31)
ROC25 × Yuetang 84-3		 高抗/ Y
High resistance/ Y		 高感2/ N
High susceptibility 2/ N		 54.3
CP94-11001)× ROC25 感病1/ N
Susceptibility 1/ N		 高抗/ Y
High resistance/ Y		 28.4
CP84-11981) × 云蔗89-71)
CP84-1198 × Yunzhe 89-7		 高抗/ N
High resistance/ N		 高抗/ N
High resistance/ N		 13.0

图1

基于特异标记R12H16 (A)和9O20-F4 (B)检测甘蔗褐锈病抗病和感病对照种中的Bru1基因 M: 100 bp DNA ladder marker; R: 抗褐锈病对照种R570; S: 感褐锈病对照种粤糖60; CK: 空白对照。"

表3

4个杂交组合分离群体的田间抗性表现与Bru1基因检出情况"

杂交组合
Hybrid combination		 样品数
Sample number		 发病盛期田间调查
Field investigation at epidemic peak stage		 发病末期田间调查
Field investigation at epidemic late stage
未发病率
Uninfected
rate (%)		 Bru1检出率
Bru1
detected rate (%)		 R12H16和9O20-F4标记检出一致性DCR9MP 未发病率
Uninfected
rate (%)		 Bru1检出率
Bru1 detected rate (%)		 R12H16和9O20-F4标记检出一致性DCR9M
ROC25×柳城03-1137
ROC25×Liucheng 03-1137		 15 0 0 一致Consistent 0 0 一致Consistent
15 100.0 100.0 一致Consistent 86.7 100.0 一致Consistent
ROC25×粤糖84-3
ROC25×Yuetang 84-3		 15 0 13.3 一致Consistent 13.3 13.3 一致Consistent
15 100.0 100.0 一致Consistent 60.0 100.0 一致Consistent
CP94-1100×ROC25 15 0 0 一致Consistent 6.7 0 一致Consistent
15 100.0 80.0 一致Consistent 93.3 80.0 一致Consistent
CP84-1198×云蔗89-7
CP84-1198×Yunzhe 89-7		 15 0 0 一致Consistent 0 0 一致Consistent
15 100.0 0 一致Consistent 93.3 0 一致Consistent

图2

用R12H16和9O20-F4标记检测组合ROC25 × Yuetang 84-3感病植株中的Bru1基因 M: DNA marker; 1~15: 感病材料; PC: 抗病对照ROC16; NC: 感病对照福农39; CK: 空白对照。"

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