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作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9): 1357-1366.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01357

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米株高主效QTL qPH3.2精细定位及遗传效应分析

刘忠祥1,*(),杨梅2,*(),殷鹏程2,周玉乾1,何海军1,邱法展2,*()   

  1. 1 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
    2 华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-08 接受日期:2018-04-11 出版日期:2018-09-10 网络出版日期:2018-05-14
  • 通讯作者: 刘忠祥,杨梅,邱法展
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31760390)资助

Fine Mapping and Genetic Effect Analysis of a Major QTL qPH3.2 Associated with Plant Height in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Zhong-Xiang LIU1,*(),Mei YANG2,*(),Peng-Cheng YIN2,Yu-Qian ZHOU1,Hai-Jun HE1,Fa-Zhan QIU2,*()   

  1. 1 Crops Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
    2 National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
  • Received:2018-01-08 Accepted:2018-04-11 Published:2018-09-10 Published online:2018-05-14
  • Contact: Zhong-Xiang LIU,Mei YANG,Fa-Zhan QIU
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760390)

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摘要：

株高是影响玉米产量的重要因子之一, 节间数目和节间长度是导致株高差异的主要因素。本研究发现2个高代回交重组自交系W1和W2株高差异显著(P<0.001), 二者穗上部和穗下部节间数目都相同, 细胞形态分析发现节间细胞长度是引起二者株高差异的主要原因; 外源GA试验结果表明控制株高差异的QTL/基因是GA途径之外的新基因。因此, 利用来源于W1和W2的F2及F2:3家系群体在2年3个环境中将控制株高的主效QTL qPH3.2共定位在第3染色体标记C42-P17之间20 Mb范围内, 最高可解释22.22%的表型变异。进一步利用目标区段重组交换单株及自交后代家系将qPH3.2分解为2个主效QTL qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2; 随后利用目标区段的跨叠系将qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2分别精细定位在YH305-Y72 (2 Mb)及YH112-Y150 (1.6 Mb)之间。本研究的结果为玉米株高的遗传改良提供了真实可靠的遗传位点, 也为后续株高QTL的克隆奠定了良好的工作基础。

关键词: 株高, 遗传解析, 精细定位, 重组交换, 玉米

Abstract:

Plant height is one of the most important factors affecting maize yield, which is determined by the number and the length of internode in maize. In this research, two advanced-backcross recombinant inbred lines (W1 and W2) with significant difference in plant height were used. They have the same number of internodes. We found that the different cell lengths of the internode in upper spike were the main reason causing the difference in plant height. The results of exogenous GA test showed that the QTL/genes controlling plant height were not included in GA pathway. The F2 and F2:3 populations derived from W1 and W2 were used to map the QTLs associated with plant height, showing that one major named qPH3.2 was commonly identified under three different environments in two years which was located on chromosome 3 between markers C42 and P17 with 20 Mb and could explain 22.22% of phenotypic variation. On the basis of the primary mapping results, QTL qPH3.2 was divided into two major QTLs qPH3.2.1 and qPH3.2.2 via recombinant exchange individuals and its self-cross progeny. Furthermore, we did the fine mapping work for qPH3.2.1 and qPH3.2.2 using substitution lines. The qPH3.2.1 was fine-mapped to the region of about 2 Mb between markers YH305 and Y72, and qPH3.2.2 was fine-mapped to the region of about 1.6 Mb between markers YH112 and Y150, which all showed the positive additive effects. The results of this research provide reliable genetic loci for the genetic improvement of plant height in maize, and a good foundation for cloning QTLs for plant height in the future.

Key words: plant height, genetic analysis, fine mapping, recombinant exchange, Zea mays L.

图1

RIL系W1和W2的株高比较 A: 亲本W1和W2的株高表型; B: 亲本在湖北武汉(15WH)、湖北黄冈(16HG)、山东潍坊(16SD)的株高表型差异分析。"

图2

W1和W2的节间长度比较*、**、***分别表示在P<0.05, 0.01, 0.001概率水平下差异极显著, 误差线代表SD, nW1=30, nW2=49。穗上节间用1、2、3、4、5、6表示, 穗下节间用-1、-2、-3、-4、-5、-6表示, 雄穗用T表示。"

图3

节间细胞形态学观察 A和B分别是W1和W2的徒手切片(比例尺: 500 μm); C为W1和W2节间细胞长度比较。"

表1

外源GA处理株高结果"

对照CK GA
W1 149.33±3.39 161.83±6.99***
W2 143.78±3.60 156.41±6.49***

图4

外源GA处理对W1和W2株高的效应 A和B分别为W1的处理与对照; C和D分别为W2的处理与对照。"

表2

F2:3群体株高及穗位高的表型统计"

性状
Trait		 环境
Environment		 均值
Average (cm)		 范围
Range (cm)		 变异系数
CV (%)		 偏度Skewness 峰度
Kurtosis		 P值
P-value
株高PH 2013WH 165.47 116.50-191.00 6.76 -0.379 0.527 0.19ns
2014HG 127.60 104.92-160.57 6.23 0.163 0.335 0.32ns
2014SD 162.71 128.41-192.81 5.44 0.042 0.337 0.92ns
穗位高EH 2014HG 42.77 22.96-65.79 12.50 0.319 0.844 0.85ns
2014SD 60.94 42.86-78.59 8.80 0.168 0.113 0.98ns

表3

F2:3家系株高和穗位高遗传力分析"

性状
Trait		 环境
Environment		 遗传方差
Genetic variance		 剩余方差
Residual variance		 遗传力
Heritability (%)
株高PH
 2014HG 100.08*** 38.03 83.04
2014SD 157.54*** 46.49 87.14
穗位高EH
 2014HG 44.53*** 15.74 84.98
2014SD 55.84*** 22.10 80.84

表4

3个环境下定位到的控制玉米株高(PH, cm)的主效QTL (qPH3.2)"

环境
Environment		 范围
Range (cM)		 相邻标记
Flanking markers		 峰值标记
Peak position (cM)		 bin LOD 加性效应
A		 显性效应
D		 D/A 基因作用
G		 贡献率PVE%
2013WH 59.09-81.46 bnlg602-SSR5 73.51 3.04-3.05 4.98 4.42 0.35 0.08 A 8.47
2014HG 59.09-81.46 bnlg602-SSR5 75.51 3.04-3.05 13.85 4.29 1.11 0.26 PD 22.22
2014SD 71.46-102.9 SSR4-umc2266 87.01 3.05-3.06 12.15 4.37 1.76 0.40 PD 14.21

表5

RHL (Y36)的单标记分析"

标记
Marker		 P值
P-value		 AA qPH3.2 aaW2
均值±标准差
Mean±SD		 群体
Size of population		 均值±标准差
Mean±SD		 个体数
Number of individual
C42 6E-04 154.2±4.2 20 147.1±4.8 24
Y45 4E-09 155.8±5.1 19 141.9±6.1 21
Y72 1E-09 155.3±6.0 23 141.5±6.3 25
YH196 4E-10 155.4±5.6 25 141.4±5.9 22
Y91 2E-06 152.7±5.7 22 141.7±6.6 20

表6

RHL (Y113)的单标记分析"

标记
Marker		 P值
P-value		 AA qPH3.2 aaW2
均值±标准差
Mean±SD		 群体
Size of population		 均值±标准差
Mean±SD		 个体数
Number of individual
YH55 0.03 152.1±3.5 12 149.0±2.8 13
YH61 0.03 153.5±4.4 24 150.8±4.4 26
P17 4E-05 155.1±3.2 14 147.7±4.0 13
YH112 0.04 155.5±3.2 14 151.8±3.2 12
YH121 3E-05 157.2±3.1 21 151.4±3.5 22

图5

qPH3.2.1的精细定位 A: 红色区域为qPH3.2初定位区间, 绿色和蓝色分别是qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2重定位区间; B: 利用3个跨叠系N1、N2和N3定位qPH3.2.1; C: qPH3.2.1精细定位结果; N代表评估表型的单株数目。AA表示携带qPH3.2.1位点的等位基因; aa是以W2为背景的等位基因。"

图6

qPH3.2.2的精细定位 A: 红色区域为qPH3.2初定位区间, 绿色和蓝色分别是qPH3.2.1和qPH3.2.2重定位区间; B: 利用2个跨叠系N4和N5定位qPH3.2.2; C: qPH3.2.2精细定位结果。N代表评估表型的单株数目。AA表示携带qPH3.2.2位点的等位基因; aa是以W2为背景的等位基因。"

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