作物学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 1496-1505.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01496
黄春燕1,2,苏文斌2,张少英1,*(),樊福义2,郭晓霞2,李智1,2,菅彩媛2,任霄云2,宫前恒2
Chun-Yan HUANG1,2,Wen-Bin SU2,Shao-Ying ZHANG1,*(),Fu-Yi FAN2,Xiao-Xia GUO2,Zhi LI1,2,Cai-Yuan JIAN2,Xiao-Yun REN2,Qian-Heng GONG2
摘要:
膜下滴灌技术被广泛应用于内蒙古冷凉干旱地区的甜菜生产中。为探明施钾量对膜下滴灌甜菜光合生理特性和产质量的影响及其适宜钾肥用量, 于2014?2015年在内蒙古凉城县设K2O 0、90、180、270和360 kg hm -25个施肥处理进行了研究。结果表明, 钾素能够提高甜菜的光合性能, 如促进株高、叶面积指数、净光合速率的增加; 施钾肥180、270和360 kg hm -2显著提高了叶丛快速生长期甜菜的净光合速率, 影响净光合速率的最主要因素是RuBPCase活性, 其次是气孔导度, 净光合速率与甜菜产量呈极显著正相关。适宜的钾肥用量有利于块根、叶柄和叶片干重的增加及产量增加, 但施钾过量, 块根干物质分配比例下降, 含糖率下降, 块根干物质分配比例与甜菜含糖率呈显著正相关。施钾量270 kg hm -2时产量最高, 90 kg hm -2时含糖率最高, 当施钾量大于180 kg hm -2时, 块根中K +、Na +含量增加, 大于270 kg hm -2时, 块根中α-氨基酸含量增加, 施钾量180 kg hm -2时产糖量最高。综合考虑施钾量对膜下滴灌甜菜产量和品质的影响, 内蒙古甜菜种植优势区域的钾肥推荐施用量为180 kg hm -2。
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