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作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2): 518-528.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.14031

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同抗旱性甘薯品种叶片生理性状差异及抗旱指标筛选

张海燕1(), 解备涛1, 姜常松2, 冯向阳3, 张巧4, 董顺旭1, 汪宝卿1, 张立明5, 秦桢1, 段文学1,*()   

  1. 1山东省农业科学院作物研究所 / 农业农村部黄淮海薯类科学观测实验站 / 特色作物山东省工程实验室, 山东济南 250100
    2海阳市农业技术推广中心, 山东海阳 265100
    3昌乐县农业农村局, 山东昌乐 262400
    4高唐县农业农村局, 山东高唐 252800
    5山东省农业科学院, 山东济南 250100
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-19 接受日期:2021-04-26 出版日期:2022-02-12 网络出版日期:2021-06-15
  • 通讯作者: 段文学
  • 作者简介:E-mail: zhang_haiyan02@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000800);本研究由国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000804);山东省薯类产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-16-09);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(SD2019ZZ022);山东省重点研发项目(2019GNC106080);山东省良种工程项目资助(2020LZGC004)

Screening of leaf physiological characteristics and drought-tolerant indexes of sweetpotato cultivars with drought resistance

ZHANG Hai-Yan1(), XIE Bei-Tao1, JIANG Chang-Song2, FENG Xiang-Yang3, ZHANG Qiao4, DONG Shun-Xu1, WANG Bao-Qing1, ZHANG Li-Ming5, QIN Zhen1, DUAN Wen-Xue1,*()   

  1. 1Crop Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Tubers and Root Crops in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Featured Crops, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
    2Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Haiyang, Haiyang 265100, Shandong, China
    3Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Changle, Changle 262400, Shandong, China
    4Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Gaotang, Gaotang 252800, Shandong, China
    5Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
  • Received:2021-02-19 Accepted:2021-04-26 Published:2022-02-12 Published online:2021-06-15
  • Contact: DUAN Wen-Xue
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFD1000800);This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFD1000804);the Shandong Province Tubers and Root Crops Research System(SDAIT-16-09);the Major Agricultural Application Technological Innovation Project in Shandong Province(SD2019ZZ022);the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2019GNC106080);the Shandong Provincial Improved Seed Project(2020LZGC004)

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摘要：

在人工控水条件下, 以15个甘薯品种为试验材料, 设置正常灌水和干旱胁迫2个土壤水分处理, 研究了干旱胁迫条件下不同甘薯品种叶片生理特性的差异。结果表明, 干旱胁迫条件下, 叶面积系数均不同程度下降, 反映了品种抗旱性的差异。通过抗旱系数聚类分析, 将15个甘薯品种分为3个抗旱类型, 抗旱品种: 济薯21、济薯25、济徐23、济薯15、烟薯25; 中等抗旱品种: 徐薯18、济薯26、北京553、济紫薯2号、济薯18; 不抗旱品种: 郑薯20、济紫薯3号、济薯22、济紫薯1号、凌紫。叶面积系数与抗旱系数的相关性分析表明, 干旱胁迫条件下抗旱性强的甘薯品种可维持较高的叶面积系数; 而正常灌水条件下的叶面积系数不能反映甘薯品种抗旱性。干旱胁迫导致功能叶叶绿素含量和相对含水量下降, 叶片相对电导率升高。干旱胁迫条件下, 功能叶叶绿素含量和相对含水量与甘薯品种的抗旱性呈显著正相关关系, 而功能叶相对电导率则与甘薯品种抗旱性呈显著的负相关关系。因此, 叶面积系数以及功能叶叶绿素含量、相对含水量和相对电导率等指标可作为甘薯品种抗旱性鉴定的评价指标。

关键词: 甘薯, 抗旱性, 生理特性, 抗旱指标

Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted under a rain proof shelter using 15 sweetpotato cultivars with well-watered and drought stress treatments. Leaf physiological characteristics of different sweetpotato cultivars under drought stress were studied. The results showed that the leaf area index of all varieties decreased in different degrees under drought stress, which evaluating the difference of drought tolerance in varieties. Cluster analysis of drought resistance coefficient revealed that 15 sweetpotato cultivars were classified into three drought resistant types. The drought-tolerant cultivars were Jishu 21, Jishu 25, Jixu 23, Jishu 15, and Yanshu 25. The moderate drought-tolerant cultivars were Xushu 18, Jishu 26, Beijing 553, Jizishu 2, and Jishu 18. The drought-sensitive cultivars were Zhengshu 20, Jizishu 3, Jishu 22, Jizishu 1, and Ayamaraski. The correlation analysis between leaf area index and drought resistance coefficient demonstrated that the drought-tolerant cultivars could maintain higher leaf area index under drought stress, while the leaf area index under well-watered could not reflect the drought resistance. Drought stress resulted in the decline of chlorophyll content, the relative water content of functional leaves, and the increase of relative electrical conductivity of functional leaves. Under drought stress, the chlorophyll content and relative water content of functional leaves were significantly positively correlated with drought resistance in different cultivars, while the relative electrical conductivity of functional leaves was significantly negatively correlated with the drought resistance of sweetpotato varieties. In summary, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, relative water content, and relative electrical conductivity of functional leaves could be used as comprehensive evaluation indexes for identifying drought resistance of sweetpotato cultivars.

Key words: sweetpotato, drought resistant, physiological characteristics, drought-tolerant indicators

表1

试验材料名称、类型及选育单位"

序号
No.		 品种名称
Cultivar name		 选育单位
Breeding unit		 品种类型
Types
1 徐薯18 Xushu 18 中国江苏徐州甘薯研究中心Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, China 淀粉型
High-starch
2 济薯15 Jishu 15 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
3 济薯21 Jishu 21 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
4 济徐23 Jixu 23 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
5 济薯25 Jishu 25 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
6 北京553 Beijing 553 中国原华北农业科学研究所North Institute of Agricultural Sciences, China 鲜食型
Table-used
7 郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 中国河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所Crop Research Institute of HAAS, China
8 烟薯25 Yanshu 25 中国烟台市农业科学研究院Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
9 济薯22 Jishu 22 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
10 济薯26 Jishu 26 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
11 凌紫 Ayamaraski 日本品种Japanese Genotype 色素型
Rich in pigment
12 济薯18 Jishu 18 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
13 济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
14 济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China
15 济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 中国山东省农业科学院作物研究所Crop Research Institute of SAAS, China

表2

不同甘薯品种的叶面积系数其及与抗旱系数的相关性分析"

品种
Cultivar		 抗旱系数DC 叶面积系数 LAI
2012 2013 2012 2013
对照Control 干旱Drought 对照Control 干旱Drought
济薯21 Jishu 21 0.71 a 0.73 a 3.67 d 2.54 cd 3.46 h 2.23 de
济薯25 Jishu 25 0.70 a 0.68 b 6.52 b 3.89 ab 6.19 cd 3.56 b
济徐23 Jixu 23 0.69 ab 0.65 c 6.31 bc 3.57 b 5.97 d 3.94 a
济薯15 Jishu 15 0.67 bc 0.63 d 3.96 d 2.35 cde 3.74 fg 2.03 ef
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 0.65 c 0.63 cd 6.89 ab 4.24 a 6.52 b 3.88 a
徐薯18 Xushu 18 0.55 ef 0.57 e 5.73 c 2.87 c 5.42 e 2.55 c
济薯26 Jishu 26 0.58 d 0.54 ef 7.28 a 3.64 b 7.20 a 3.37 b
北京553 Beijing 553 0.57 de 0.53 fg 3.61 d 1.82 defg 3.39 h 1.79 g
济紫薯2号Jizishu 2 0.51 f 0.53 g 3.33 de 1.69 fgh 3.10 i 1.56 h
济薯18 Jishu 18 0.49 g 0.51 ef 3.47 de 1.69 fgh 3.11 i 1.63 gh
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 0.39 h 0.36 h 3.71 d 1.41 gh 3.50 gh 1.19 i
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 0.37 hi 0.38 h 6.91 ab 2.72 c 6.58 bc 2.19 d
济薯22 Jishu 22 0.38 h 0.35 hi 4.06 d 1.72 efgh 3.83 f 1.59 h
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 0.34 i 0.35 i 6.76 ab 2.27 cdef 6.41 bc 2.03 f
凌紫 Ayamaraski 0.35 i 0.33 i 2.87 e 1.13 h 2.69 j 1.01 j
相关系数 Correlation coefficient — — 0.17 0.65* 0.17 0.68**

表3

干旱胁迫对甘薯功能叶叶绿素含量的影响"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 栽后60 d 60 DAP 栽后100 d 100 DAP
对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV		 对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV
2012 济薯21 Jishu 21 2.84 ab 2.16 a 0.76 a 1.65 c 1.11 a 0.67 a
济徐23 Jixu 23 2.90 a 2.18 a 0.75 a 1.72 bc 1.09 a 0.63 ab
济薯25 Jishu 25 2.68 b 1.84 b 0.68 ab 1.68 c 1.02 a 0.61 bc
凌紫Ayamaraski 2.71 ab 1.75 b 0.65 b 1.75 bc 0.78 c 0.45 ij
济薯15 Jishu 15 2.20 c 1.38 d 0.63 bc 1.49 d 0.88 b 0.59 bc
北京553 Beijing 553 2.59 bc 1.64 bc 0.63 bc 1.85 b 1.05 a 0.57 cd
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 2.01 c 1.23 e 0.61 bc 1.23 e 0.67 d 0.54 def
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 2.03 c 1.24 e 0.61 bc 1.67 c 0.85 b 0.51 ef
济薯26 Jishu 26 2.89 a 1.73 b 0.60 bc 1.96 ab 1.02 a 0.52 efgh
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 2.65 b 1.55 c 0.58 cd 1.97 ab 1.09 a 0.55 cde
徐薯18 Xushu 18 2.83 ab 1.64 bc 0.58 cd 2.25 a 1.12 a 0.50 fgh
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 2.60 b 1.51 c 0.58 cd 2.24 a 1.07 a 0.48 hi
济薯18 Jishu 18 2.19 c 1.18 e 0.54 d 1.79 bc 0.88 b 0.49 gi
济薯22 Jishu 22 2.54 b 1.37 d 0.54 d 1.82 b 0.87 b 0.48 hi
济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 2.82 ab 1.54 c 0.54 d 1.80 b 0.78 c 0.43 j

表3

续"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 栽后60 d 60 DAP 栽后100 d 100 DAP
对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV		 对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV
2013 济薯21 Jishu 21 2.45 bc 1.77 a 0.72 a 1.55 cde 1.03 a 0.67 a
济薯25 Jishu 25 2.29 bc 1.56 c 0.68 ab 1.58 cd 1.03 a 0.65 ab
济徐23 Jixu 23 2.51 ab 1.69 b 0.67 bc 1.62 cd 0.99 a 0.61 b
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 2.21 bc 1.45 d 0.66 bc 1.94 ab 1.05 a 0.54 cd
济薯18 Jishu 18 1.96 cd 1.23 f 0.63 cd 1.23 fg 0.69 b 0.56 c
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 2.98 a 1.76 a 0.59 de 0.96 hij 0.49 c 0.51 def
济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 2.29 bc 1.34 e 0.58 e 0.83 j 0.45 c 0.54 cd
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 2.12 bcd 1.22 f 0.58 e 1.74 bc 0.92 a 0.53 cde
济薯22 Jishu 22 1.67 d 0.97 g 0.58 e 0.89 ij 0.47 c 0.53 cde
济薯15 Jishu 15 2.21 bc 1.29 f 0.58 e 1.19 fgh 0.58 bc 0.49 efg
北京553 Beijing 553 2.20 bcd 1.25 f 0.57 e 1.49 de 0.69 b 0.46 gh
济薯26 Jishu 26 2.46 bc 1.38 e 0.56 ef 1.99 a 0.95 a 0.48 fg
凌紫Ayamaraski 2.18 bcd 1.22 f 0.56 ef 1.05 ghi 0.48 c 0.46 gh
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 2.42 bc 1.27 f 0.52 f 1.37 ef 0.58 bc 0.42 h
徐薯18 Xushu 18 2.44 bc 1.25 f 0.51 f 2.15 a 1.02 a 0.48 fg

表4

干旱胁迫对甘薯功能叶相对含水量的影响"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 栽后60 d 60 DAP 栽后100 d 100 DAP
对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV		 对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV
2012 济徐23 Jixu 23 86.66 b 69.84 a 0.81 a 82.01 bcd 55.40 b 0.68 abc
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 83.14 ef 64.23 bc 0.77 b 79.72 ef 48.33 de 0.61 def
济薯15 Jishu 15 83.72 de 62.58 bc 0.75 b 79.87 ef 51.98 cd 0.65 bcd
济薯21 Jishu 21 84.19 cde 62.52 bc 0.74 bc 80.76 cde 55.75 b 0.69 abc
济薯25 Jishu 25 89.22 a 65.50 ab 0.73 b 84.50 a 59.85 a 0.71 a
济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 81.20 fg 59.56 bcd 0.73 bcd 78.40 f 50.38 cd 0.64 cd
济薯26 Jishu 26 89.20 a 62.35 bc 0.70 cde 81.69 bcd 53.14 bc 0.65 bcd
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 85.25 bcd 58.94 cde 0.69 def 82.66 abc 45.95 ef 0.56 fgh
徐薯18 Xushu 18 82.40 ef 54.57 ef 0.66 efg 79.17 ef 48.33 de 0.61 def
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 85.94 bc 56.95 de 0.66 efg 80.61 de 49.52 cd 0.61 def
北京553 Beijing 553 80.36 g 52.53 f 0.65 fg 78.33 f 48.94 de 0.62 de
济薯18 Jishu 18 78.33 h 50.78 f 0.65 fg 74.57 g 43.02 f 0.58 efg
济薯22 Jishu 22 80.77 g 51.26 f 0.63 gh 80.10 ef 51.55 cd 0.64 cd
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 87.01 b 54.95 def 0.63 gh 83.46 ab 43.45 f 0.52 h
凌紫Ayamaraski 85.86 bc 50.66 f 0.59 h 80.92 cde 44.83 ef 0.55 gh
济徐23 Jixu 23 85.57 bc 66.39 abc 0.78 a 81.13 ab 54.02 c 0.67 b
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 86.56 ab 66.98 ab 0.77 a 73.56 f 44.98 e 0.61 de
2013 济薯26 Jishu 26 88.52 a 68.54 a 0.77 a 80.68 bc 53.40 c 0.66 bc
济薯18 Jishu 18 87.38 a 67.23 ab 0.77 a 82.69 a 51.21 d 0.62 cd
济薯22 Jishu 22 79.68 e 60.26 d 0.76 a 75.14 e 45.51 e 0.61 de
济薯21 Jishu 21 85.91 bc 65.17 bc 0.76 a 81.62 ab 58.54 a 0.72 a
济薯25 Jishu 25 87.19 a 64.50 c 0.74 a 83.02 a 56.50 b 0.68 ab
济薯15 Jishu 15 79.18 e 52.76 f 0.67 b 73.72 f 45.80 e 0.62 cd
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 84.43 c 55.54 e 0.66 b 79.69 c 45.55 e 0.57 ef
徐薯18 Xushu 18 83.99 c 55.72 e 0.66 b 80.68 bc 49.57 d 0.61 de
济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 74.23 f 48.58 g 0.65 b 71.40 g 39.76 f 0.56 fg
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 81.35 d 52.34 f 0.64 bc 77.18 d 44.45 e 0.58 def
北京553 Beijing 553 79.64 e 51.29 f 0.64 bc 72.33 fg 37.39 g 0.52 gh
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 77.57 e 46.49 gh 0.60 cd 73.89 f 40.04 f 0.54 fg
凌紫 Ayamaraski 81.57 d 45.60 h 0.56 d 74.92 ef 35.89 h 0.48 h

表5

干旱胁迫对甘薯功能叶相对电导率的影响"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 栽后60 d 60 DAP 栽后100 d 100 DAP
对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV		 对照
Control		 干旱
Drought		 相对值
RV
2012 济薯21 Jishu 21 22.85 c 35.69 f 1.56 g 22.48 c 49.80 h 2.22 ij
济薯25 Jishu 25 23.76 abc 37.56 d 1.58 fg 22.91 bc 51.76 g 2.26 ghi
济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 22.89 cd 36.45 ef 1.59 fg 22.98 bc 50.89 g 2.21 j
济薯15 Jishu 15 24.67 a 39.78 c 1.61 fg 23.98 a 54.89 f 2.29 g
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 22.46 de 36.78 de 1.64 efg 22.78 bc 50.79 g 2.23 hij
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 22.48 de 36.78 de 1.64 efg 22.15 c 50.41 h 2.28 g
济徐23 Jixu 23 21.78 ef 36.59 def 1.68 def 21.45 d 48.73 i 2.27 gh
北京553 Beijing 553 21.32 f 36.45 ef 1.71 cde 20.67 e 49.29 hi 2.38 f
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 23.47 bc 41.12 c 1.75 bcd 23.08 abc 56.15 e 2.43 e
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 24.23 ab 43.04 b 1.78 abc 23.33 abc 60.15 ab 2.58 b
济薯26 Jishu 26 24.31 ab 43.18 b 1.78 abc 23.99 a 58.87 cd 2.45 de
徐薯18 Xushu 18 23.89 ab 42.76 b 1.79 abc 23.57 ab 58.45 d 2.48 d
凌紫 Ayamaraski 23.65 bc 43.46 b 1.84 ab 22.93 bc 60.57 a 2.64 a
济薯22 Jishu 22 23.31 bcd 42.87 b 1.84 ab 23.40 ac 58.31 d 2.49 cd
济薯18 Jishu 18 23.89 ab 44.54 a 1.86 a 23.50 ab 59.57 bc 2.53 c
济薯15 Jishu 15 26.12 a 41.23 c 1.58 f 25.43 a 56.34 e 2.22 c
济薯21 Jishu 21 21.35 e 34.34 f 1.61 f 21.33 e 48.45 h 2.27 c
济紫薯2号 Jizishu 2 22.35 cd 35.91 e 1.61 f 22.44 d 50.35 fg 2.24 c
烟薯25 Yanshu 25 23.21 c 37.51 d 1.62 f 22.88 cd 51.14 f 2.24 c
2013 济薯25 Jishu 25 21.81 de 35.61 e 1.63 ef 20.96 ef 49.81 g 2.38 b
济紫薯3号 Jizishu 3 21.68 de 36.00 de 1.66 def 22.00 de 50.01 g 2.27 c
郑薯20 Zhengshu 20 24.60 b 42.25 b 1.72 cde 24.21 b 57.28 de 2.37 b
北京553 Beijing 553 20.78 e 35.91 e 1.73 cd 20.13 fg 48.75 h 2.42 b
济徐23 Jixu 23 19.75 f 34.56 f 1.75 bcd 19.42 g 46.70 i 2.40 b
徐薯18 Xushu 18 25.12 b 43.99 a 1.75 bcd 24.80 ab 59.68 b 2.41 b
济薯26 Jishu 26 24.89 b 43.76 a 1.76 bc 24.57 ab 59.45 bc 2.42 b
凌紫 Ayamaraski 24.54 b 44.35 a 1.81 abc 23.82 bc 61.46 a 2.58 a
济紫薯1号 Jizishu 1 22.78 cd 41.69 bc 1.83 ab 22.31 de 58.80 bc 2.64 a
济薯22 Jishu 22 22.38 cd 41.94 bc 1.87 a 22.47 d 57.38 d 2.55 a
济薯18 Jishu 18 22.92 c 43.57 a 1.90 a 22.53 d 58.60 c 2.60 a

表6

功能叶生理性状与抗旱系数的相关分析"

年份Year 生育期
Growth stage		 功能叶叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll content of functional leaves		 功能叶相对含水量
Relative water content of functional leaves		 功能叶相对电导率
Relative electrical conductivity of
functional leaves
对照Control 干旱Drought 对照Control 干旱Drought 对照Control 干旱Drought
2012 40 DAP 0.45 0.61* 0.27 0.58* -0.15 -0.52*
60 DAP 0.42 0.61* 0.20 0.62* -0.17 -0.55*
80 DAP 0.41 0.58* 0.05 0.73** -0.29 -0.63*
100 DAP 0.15 0.62* 0.19 0.65** -0.26 -0.59*
2013 40 DAP 0.30 0.52* 0.41 0.62* -0.18 -0.47
60 DAP 0.10 0.47 0.43 0.60* -0.19 -0.51
80 DAP 0.49 0.72** 0.37 0.63* -0.25 -0.59*
100 DAP 0.46 0.66** 0.31 0.64* -0.24 -0.56*

图1

15个甘薯品种抗旱系数聚类分析图"

图2

15个甘薯品种功能叶叶绿素含量相对值聚类分析图"

图3

15个甘薯品种功能叶相对含水量相对值聚类分析图"

图4

15个甘薯品种功能叶相对电导率相对值聚类分析图"

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