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戈壁异常球菌csp2基因提高玉米的抗旱性

许忆葳1,2，张莹莹2，李瑞2，燕永亮3，刘允军2，孔照胜1,*，郑军2,*，王逸茹2,*   

  1. 1 山西农业大学, 山西晋中030600; 2 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京100081; 3 中国农业科学院生物技术研究所, 北京100081
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-18 修回日期:2025-04-25 接受日期:2025-04-25 网络出版日期:2025-05-09
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家重点研发项目(2023YFD1200500)和新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01D87)资助。

Csp2 gene of Deinococcus gobiensis improves drought tolerance in maize

XU Yi-Wei1,2,ZHANG Ying-Ying2,LI Rui2,YAN Yong-Liang3,LIU Yun-Jun2,KONG Zhao-Sheng1,*,ZHENG Jun2,*,WANG Yi-Ru2,*   

  1. 1 Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, Shanxi, China; 2 Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;3 Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2025-02-18 Revised:2025-04-25 Accepted:2025-04-25 Published online:2025-05-09
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFD1200500) and the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2022D01D87).

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摘要：

csp2基因来源于戈壁异常球菌，该菌对伽马射线、紫外线和干旱等损伤因子表现出极强的抗性。本研究按照植物密码子优化csp2并合成基因，构建p3301-csp2植物表达载体后转化玉米，在苗期和成株期评价转csp2基因玉米的耐旱性。研究发现，在干旱处理条件下，csp2过表达株系苗期相比野生型表现出了更强的耐旱表型，相对含水量显著提高，电导率、MDA含量和H2O2含量均显著降低。此外，成株期耐旱性鉴定结果表明csp2可提高玉米在干旱胁迫下的穗长和单穗重，过表达株系的产量显著高于对照。转录组分析表明，csp2通过调控茉莉酸信号通路、干旱胁迫相关激酶以及WRKY、ERF转录因子的表达响应干旱胁迫。因此，异源表达戈壁异常球菌csp2可以显著提高玉米的耐旱性，csp2可作为培育耐旱转基因玉米的优良基因。

关键词: csp2, 戈壁异常球菌, 转基因玉米, 耐旱, RNA-seq

Abstract: The csp2 gene, derived from Deinococcus gobiensis, is known for its strong resistance to environmental stressors such as gamma radiation, UV light, and drought. In this study, the csp2 gene was codon-optimized for plant expression, synthesized, and inserted into the plant expression vector p3301-csp2, which was subsequently introduced into maize. The drought tolerance of the csp2 transgenic lines was evaluated at both the seedling and adult stages. Under drought conditions, the csp2 overexpression lines exhibited significantly enhanced drought tolerance at the seedling stage compared to wild-type plants, as evidenced by higher relative water content and markedly reduced electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. At the adult stage, drought stress assessments demonstrated that csp2 expression increased ear length and single-ear weight, resulting in significantly higher yields in transgenic lines compared to the wild type. Transcriptome analysis revealed that csp2 enhances drought tolerance by modulating the expression of genes involved in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, drought-responsive kinases, and the WRKY and ERF transcription factor families. These findings suggest that heterologous expression of Deinococcus gobiensis csp2 significantly improves drought tolerance in maize, making csp2 a promising candidate gene for drought-resilient crop breeding.

Key words: csp2, Deinococcus gobiensis, transgenic maize, drought tolerance, RNA-seq

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