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低O2高CO2贮藏环境延缓马铃薯块茎衰老的作用机制

田甲春，葛霞，李守强，李梅，田世龙*，张亚倩，程建新，李玉梅   

  1. 甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-21 修回日期:2025-08-13 接受日期:2025-08-13 网络出版日期:2025-08-21
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(32160596)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-09-P26)资助。

Mechanism of low O2 and high CO2 storage environment delaying aging of potato tuber

TIAN Jia-Chun, GE Xia,LI Shou-Qiang,LI Mei,TIAN Shi-Long*,ZHANG Ya-Qian,CHENG Jian-Xin,LI Yu-Mei   

  1. Agricultural Products Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
  • Received:2025-05-21 Revised:2025-08-13 Accepted:2025-08-13 Published online:2025-08-21
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32160596) and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-09-P26).

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摘要：

为探讨低O2高CO2贮藏环境延缓马铃薯块茎的衰老机制，本研究以马铃薯陇薯17号为研究对象，通过测定营养品质、外观指标及生理指标，并结合贮藏中期(60 d)和末期(150 d)的转录组学分析，从表型水平和转录水平研究了马铃薯对低O2高CO2贮藏环境的响应，揭示了马铃薯贮藏的分子调控机制。低O2高CO2贮藏环境延缓了马铃薯在低温贮藏期间淀粉含量的下降及还原糖含量的上升，抑制了薯块发芽和失水，保持了良好的薯皮色泽，抑制了PAL活性、POD活性的上升，并且对3种内源激素有积极的调控作用。与对照相比，贮藏中期共发现741个差异基因，其中上调基因378个，下调基因363个。贮藏至末期时，差异基因总数上升为1658个，其中上调基因为1211个，下调基因为447个。通过生物信息学发现，低O2高CO2贮藏环境显著调控与苯丙烷生物合成代谢、淀粉和蔗糖代谢、植物激素信号转导及MPAK信号转导相关的代谢途径。综上所述，本研究为马铃薯的气调贮藏提供了理论基础，为进一步研究分子机制提供了理论依据。

关键词: 马铃薯, 低O2高CO2, 延缓衰老, 转录组学, 代谢途径

Abstract:

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which a low-oxygen and high-carbon dioxide storage environment delays the aging of potato tubers. Using the Longshu 17 cultivar as the research subject, we evaluated nutritional quality, appearance, and physiological parameters, along with transcriptomic profiling at mid-storage (60 days) and late-storage (150 days) stages. Phenotypic and transcriptomic responses of tubers to the low O2 high CO2 environment were analyzed to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying tuber preservation. The results showed that this storage condition significantly delayed starch degradation and reduced the accumulation of reducing sugars during cold storage. It also inhibited sprouting and water loss, preserved optimal skin color, suppressed the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase, and positively regulated three endogenous hormones. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that compared to the control (CK), the low O?/high CO? treatment (CA) led to 741 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at mid-storage, including 378 upregulated and 363 downregulated genes. At the end of storage, 1658 DEGs were identified, with 1211 upregulated and 447 downregulated. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the low O?/high CO? environment significantly modulated pathways related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and MAPK signaling. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical basis for controlled atmosphere storage of potatoes and offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in tuber aging and preservation.

Key words: potato, low O2 and high CO2, delay aging, transcriptomics, metabolic pathways

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