反义trxs基因导入对不同品质类型小麦产量和品质性状的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.01877

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以转反义trxs基因小麦TY18和TY34及其相应未转基因对照为材料，于2007—2009年通过大田试验系统研究了反义trxs基因导入对两种品质类型小麦籽粒产量性状和加工品质指标的影响。结果表明，4个转基因株系的穗粒数和产量较对照显著提高，反义trxs基因对小麦籽粒淀粉品质有一定的正效应。4个转基因株系的淀粉含量、支链淀粉含量、峰值黏度、低谷黏度、最终黏度均显著提高，直/支比降低。反义trxs基因对小麦籽粒蛋白质品质的影响因品种类型而异，其中弱筋小麦的总蛋白、清蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白含量显著减少，醇溶蛋白含量显著增加，面粉的形成时间和稳定时间降低。强筋小麦除清蛋白、醇溶蛋白、谷蛋白含量减少外，面团的粉质和拉伸参数变化不明显。上述结果说明，反义trxs基因导入有利于两种品质类型小麦籽粒淀粉品质的改善，并在一定程度上改善了弱筋小麦的烘焙品质。

关键词: 小麦, 反义trxs基因, 产量, 加工品质

Abstract: Thioredoxin h (Trxh) is a small protein catalyzing thiol-disulfide interchange, which is involved in many processes, such as activation or deactivation of enzymes and enzyme inhibition and germination. Wheat pre-harvest sprouting is caused by a series of hydrolyses, in which α-amylase plays a key role. The anti-trxs gene has been transferred into wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars “Yumai 18” and “Yumai 34” since 2003 to decrease Trxhreductive capability and α-amylase activity in wheat seed. From the T₄ generations, two transgenic lines, TY18 and TY34 were obtained. To investigate the effects of anti-sense thioredoxin s on grain yield and quality properties, TY18 and TY34 were tested in field experiments in 2007–2009 growing seasons with comparisons to their cultivars Yumai 18 (weak gluten) and Yumai 34 (strong gluten ). The result showed that the grain yield and quality properties of both lines were greatly affected. Compared with the wild controls, grain number per spike, grain yield and the starch quality in seeds of the transgenic lines were significantly promoted. The total starch content, amylopectin content, peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity were significantly increased in transgenic lines, and the ratio amylase-to-amylopectin reduced, accordingly. The effects of transferring gene on protein quality were different in the two cultivars. The contents of total protein, albumin, globulin, and glutelin decreased significantly and the contents of gliadin increased significantly in the two transgenic lines of TY18. The development time and stability time of flour decreased significantly. However, these protein quality indexes had no significant differences between transgenic lines and controls, except contents of albumin, gliadin, and glutelin, which were decreased in transgenic lines TY34. Therefore, the anti-trxs gene transferred into wheat improved the starch quality of both wheat cultivars and the braking quality of weak-gluten cultivar.

Key words: Wheat, Anti-sense thioredoxin s gene, Yield, Processing quality

任江萍, 王娜, 王新国, 李永春, 牛洪斌, 王翔, 尹钧. 反义trxs基因导入对不同品质类型小麦产量和品质性状的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2010, 36(11): 1877-1882.

REN Jiang-Ping, WANG Na, WANG Xin-Guo, LI Yong-Chun, NIU Hong-Bin, WANG Xiang, YIN Jun. Effects of Anti-Sense Thioredoxin s on Grain Yield and Quality Properties in Two Wheat Cultivars with Different Quality Types[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2010, 36(11): 1877-1882.

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