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作物学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (02): 191-201.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2012.00191

• 综述 •    下一篇

植物组织培养再生相关基因鉴定、克隆和应用研究进展  

叶兴国1，佘茂云1,2，王轲1，杜丽璞1，徐惠君1   

  1. 1 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 / 国家农作物基因资源与基因改良重大科学工程 / 农业部作物遗传育种重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;2 Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-18 修回日期:2011-12-13 出版日期:2012-02-12 网络出版日期:2011-12-13
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(30971776)和国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2008ZX08010-004)资助。

Identification, Cloning, and Potential Application of Genes Related to Somatic Embryogenesis in Plant Tissue Culture

YE Xing-Guo1,SHE Mao-Yun1,2, WANG Ke1,DU Li-Pu1,XU Hui-Jun1   

  1. 1 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 2 Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
  • Received:2011-10-18 Revised:2011-12-13 Published:2012-02-12 Published online:2011-12-13

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4562

被引次数

16

摘要： 离体植物组织体细胞胚胎发生是一个复杂的无性繁殖过程，依次经历外源植物激素信号应答、已分化细胞的脱分化、静止细胞的再分裂以及特定组织、器官原基或分生组织的形成等，是多个基因在外界因素刺激下协调、有序表达和互作的结果，不但受培养基中植物激素和营养成分的影响，也与外植体的生理状态关系密切。本文综述了外源激素和内源激素在植物组织培养中的作用，以及外源激素对内源激素的调节功能；重点介绍了5类与植物体细胞胚胎发生有关的候选基因，包括体细胞胚胎发生相关类受体蛋白激酶、阿拉伯葡聚糖酶、亚硝酸还原酶、生长素结合蛋白和抗氧化酶。再生相关基因的利用不但有助于提高植物组织培养植株再生率和遗传转化率，而且有助于获得安全型转基因植物，在基因工程育种中具有潜在应用前景。不同植物和同种植物不同外植体组织培养中调控体细胞胚胎发生的主效基因可能不同，关键再生相关基因的克隆和功能鉴定是今后需要加强的方向。

关键词: 植物, 组织培养, 体细胞胚胎发生, 器官发生, 再生相关基因

Abstract: Plant embryogenesis or organogenesis in vitro is a complicated asexual reproductive process consisting of many aspects such as phytohormone perception, dedifferentiation of differentiated cells to acquire organogenic competence, re-entry of quiescent cells into cell cycle, and organization of cell division to form specific organ primordia and meristems. In fact, plant regeneration is the result of multigenic interactions and regulatory controls, which are not only affected by plant hormones and other nutrients in the medium, but also showed a close relationship with the physiological state of explants. The effects of exogenous and endogenous hormones on plant regeneration and the regulation of exogenous hormones on endogenous hormones were reviewed in this paper. Research progresses on five classes of genes related to somatic embryogenesis were collectively described. They are somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase, arabinogalactan-proteins, nitrite reductase, auxin binding protein, and antioxidant enzyme. Regeneration associated genes are prospected to be potentially used in plant genetic breeding, whose applications will be involved in the improvement of plant regeneration efficiency and transformation efficiency, also in obtaining transgenic plants with bio-safety. However, main candidate genes related to regeneration might vary in different plants or tissues, or function through different pathways. Therefore, cloning and characterization of some important genes related to somatic embryogenesis or organogenesis should be strengthened in future.

Key words: Plants, Tissue culture, Somatic embryogenesis, Organogenesis, Regeneration-associated genes

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