作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (04): 693-703.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.00693
杨再洁,陈阜*,史磊刚,文新亚
YANG Zai-Jie,CHEN Fu*,SHI Lei-Gang,WEN Xin-Ya
摘要:
为探讨华北平原不同年代小麦品种对水分亏缺的反应及适应机制,选取20世纪50年代以来的代表品种碧蚂1号、济南2号、泰山1号、冀麦26、冀麦38和济麦22,比较其在灌溉和雨养条件下旗叶光合特性。结果表明,当前品种济麦22的产量显著高于上述5个品种,产量的提高伴随着净光合速率和气孔导度的显著提高,二者密切相关;在灌溉条件下,济麦22的产量比上述5个品种分别增加54.4%、39.4%、23.4%、18.9%和4.2%,花后平均净光合速率分别增加30.0%、15.9%、15.2%、9.8%和5.5%,气孔导度分别增加46.1%、35.9%、23.1%、7.3%和6.6%;在雨养条件下,济麦22的产量比这5个品种分别增加46.0%、37.6%、21.5%、18.8%和3.2%,花后平均净光合速率分别增加41.5%、29.1%、19.8%、11.2%和6.7%,气孔导度分别增加68.4%、48.7%、30.6%、10.7%和10.6%。与灌溉条件下相比,雨养条件下不同年代小麦品种旗叶净光合速率和气孔导度均表现为降低的趋势,但济麦22的降低幅度低于上述5个品种,表明当前品种的旗叶光合特性对水分亏缺的适应性较强。雨养条件下,碧蚂1号、济南2号、泰山1号、冀麦26、冀麦38和济麦22的产量分别比灌溉条件下降低6.6%、10.5%、10.3%、11.6%、10.8% 和11.7%,济麦22的下降幅度最大,表明当前品种的产量对水分亏缺的敏感性较强,在水分充足的条件下增产潜力较高。
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