UV-B胁迫下Ca 2+对颠茄生理特性与次生代谢产物的调控研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01527

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有害中波紫外线(Ultraviolet B, UV-B; 280~320 nm)辐射影响植物的生长和发育, Ca ²⁺是植物生长发育所必须的大量元素之一, 外源Ca ²⁺不但可以提高植物抗胁迫能力, 还对次生代谢具有调控作用。以颠茄(Atropa belladonna L.)实生苗为材料, 在UV-B辐射(10 μW cm ^-2)背景下, 研究不同浓度外源Ca ²⁺、不同处理时间对颠茄生理特性、氮代谢、次生代谢产物含量以及托品烷类生物碱代谢途径中3个关键酶基因表达量的影响。结果表明, 随着UV-B辐射时间的延长(4 ~12 d), 对颠茄的光合作用、氮代谢以及生物碱的积累产生抑制作用, 加剧了膜脂氧化程度; 经外源Ca ²⁺处理, 叶片初始荧光(F_o)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量呈下降趋势, 叶片最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、光合色素(总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素)含量、抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性均呈上升趋势, 说明Ca ²⁺有利于缓解UV-B辐射的抑制, 加强对UV-B胁迫的抗性; 在Ca ²⁺处理下, 叶片中硝态氮含量显著降低, 游离氨基酸、可溶性蛋白含量和氮代谢关键酶(NR、GS、GDH)的活性显著提高, 叶片中莨菪碱含量和东莨菪碱含量显著提高; qRT-PCR分析显示, 在外源Ca ²⁺的诱导下, 托品烷类生物碱合成途径中3个关键酶基因(PMT、TR I、H6H)表达量均有不同程度上调趋势。本研究结果可为田间种植提供理论参考。

关键词: UV-B胁迫, 颠茄, 生理特性, 氮代谢, 托品烷类生物碱

Abstract:

Ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation does harm to plant, for which growth and development. Ca ²⁺is one of the most necessary elements. Exogenous Ca ²⁺ can enhance plant abilities to resist stress and regulate secondary metabolism. In this research, we used Atropa belladonna L. seedlings to investigate the effects of different concentrations of exogenous Ca ²⁺ and different treatment days on the physiological characteristics, nitrogen metabolism, secondary metabolites content and relative genes expression levels of three key enzymes in secondary metabolism under the background of UV-B radiation. The UV-B radiation not only caused inhibitory effect on the Atropa belladonna L. photosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism, alkaloid content, but also increased peroxidation of membrane lipid. The F_o, MDA content gradually decreased, but the F_v/F_m, photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity gradually increased under Ca ²⁺ treatment, showing that Ca ²⁺ is propitious to relieve inhibitory effect on photosynthesis and enhance resistance to UV-B stress. Moreover, Ca ²⁺ reduced the content of nitrate nitrogen significantly, promoted the contents of free amino acids, soluble proteins, atropine alkaloids, and raised the activities of key enzymes in nitrogen metabolism. Using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, we found that exogenous Ca ²⁺ increased the relative gene expression levels of three key enzymes in secondary metabolism in different degrees. This research could provide a theoretical references for plantation in the field.

Key words: UV-B stress, Atropa belladonna L., physiological characteristics, nitrogen metabolism, tropane alkaloids

卢克欢,刘兴,杨怡,廖志华,吴能表. UV-B胁迫下Ca ²⁺对颠茄生理特性与次生代谢产物的调控研究[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(10): 1527-1538.

Ke-Huan LU,Xing LIU,Yi YANG,Zhi-Hua LIAO,Neng-Biao WU. Effect of Exogenous Ca ²⁺ on Physiological Characteristics and Secondary Metabolites accumulation of Atropa belladonna L. Seedlings under UV-B Stress[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2018, 44(10): 1527-1538.

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处理组 Group	CaCl₂浓度 CaCl₂ concentration (mmol L^-1)	UV-B辐射强度 UV-B radiation intensity (μW cm^-2)	处理时间 Treatment time (d)
T0	0	0	4, 8, 12
T1	0	10	4, 8, 12
T2	2	10	4, 8, 12
T3	4	10	4, 8, 12
T4	6	10	4, 8, 12
T5	8	10	4, 8, 12

基因 Gene	登录号 Accession number	上游引物 Forward primer (5'-3')	下游引物 Reverse primer (5'-3')	退火温度 Annealing temperature (°C)
PGK	JX154676	TCGCTCTTGGAGAAGGTTGAC	CTTGTCCGCAATCACTACATCAG	59.5
PMT	AB018570	CCTACTTACCCTACTGGTGTTATC	GCGAAAGATGGCAAAATAAAAGC	56.4
H6H	JN542537	TTCCACTTGAGCAGAAAGCAAAGC	CCTCATGGTCAACTTCCTCACTTCC	56.4
TR I	JX155757	TTCTTTGCTTCCCTGCTGCTTC	CAGGCCAACCTTAGTATCACACAG	61.4

指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	处理时间 Treatment time
指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	4 d	8 d	12 d
硝态氮 Nitrate nitrogen (μg g^-1FW)	T0	539.543±19.299 b	545.976±29.480 a	526.677±29.480 a
	T1	693.935±38.598 d	874.059±58.959 c	1112.080±40.174 d
	T2	610.306±40.174 c	803.296±29.480 c	944.822±57.897 c
	T3	462.347±19.299 a	726.100±48.568 b	874.059±62.038 c
	T4	507.378±48.568 ab	597.440±38.598 a	783.997±29.480 b
	T5	494.512±29.480 ab	681.069±44.569 b	861.193±48.568 bc
游离氨基酸 Free amino acids (mg g^-1FW)	T0	352.269±32.459 e	329.930±15.145 d	332.723±14.323 d
	T1	225.763±38.646 b	177.929±25.124 a	134.465±19.857 a
	T2	287.559±33.889 cd	185.213±25.860 a	161.661±18.992 ab
	T3	313.176±25.550 de	255.872±30.828 bc	241.789±24.322 c
	T4	251.137±33.889 bc	286.224±22.980 cd	264.856±17.015 c
	T5	166.153±29.940 a	221.635±35.763 ab	194.076±16.096 b
指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	处理时间 Treatment time
指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	4 d	8 d	12 d
可溶性蛋白 Soluble proteins (mg g^-1FW)	T0	5.879±0.309 a	5.681±0.364 ab	5.570±0.398 c
	T1	6.458±0.401 a	4.953±0.548 a	3.725±0.430 a
	T2	7.901±0.653 bc	5.736±0.432 ab	5.264±0.649 bc
	T3	9.087±0.399 c	7.415±0.572 c	6.953±0.391 d
	T4	6.859±0.491 ab	7.496±0.749 c	4.358±1.058 ab
	T5	5.861±1.526 a	6.535±1.007 bc	3.887±0.456 a

指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	处理时间 Treatment time
指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	4 d	8 d	12 d
硝酸还原酶 NR (U g^-1 FW h^-1)	T0	1.290±0.048 c	1.282±0.117 c	1.333±0.052 d
	T1	1.037±0.022 a	0.813±0.053 a	0.557±0.039 a
	T2	1.035±0.061 a	0.939±0.108 a	0.664±0.040 b
	T3	1.121±0.009 b	1.083±0.030 b	0.724±0.047 b
	T4	1.290±0.018 c	1.213±0.035 bc	0.902±0.043 c
	T5	1.135±0.013 b	1.121±0.048 b	0.753±0.080 b
谷氨酰胺合成酶 GS (OD₅₄₀ mg^-1 FW h^-1)	T0	8.349±0.197 c	7.885±0.259 d	7.696±0.670 d
	T1	6.555±0.235 a	4.989±0.767 a	3.952±0.323 a
	T2	6.812±0.297 a	5.666±0.155 b	4.323±0.214 ab
	T3	7.494±0.285 b	6.442±0.138 c	4.883±0.226 bc
	T4	8.037±0.231 c	7.336±0.189 d	5.454±0.201 c
	T5	6.870±0.268 a	6.104±0.105 bc	4.592±0.219 ab
谷氨酸脱氢酶 GDH (U mg^-1 FW min^-1)	T0	5.659±0.402 a	5.756±0.658 b	4.968±0.482 b
	T1	6.109±0.589 ab	4.244±0.579 a	3.344±0.486 a
	T2	6.367±0.841 ab	5.338±0.486 ab	4.887±0.402 b
	T3	7.138±0.880 b	5.916±0.990 b	6.881±0.620 c
	T4	6.045±0.780 ab	8.039±0.678 c	6.431±0.403 c
	T5	5.016±0.696 a	7.395±0.486 c	5.338±0.589 b

指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	处理时间 Treatment time
指标 Indicator	处理组 Group	4 d	8 d	12 d
莨菪碱 Hyoscyamine (μg g^-1 DW)	T0	1058.072±37.583 a	1083.528±31.056 d	1052.901±35.189 d
	T1	1100.436±16.571 ab	915.777±20.900 a	717.403±22.549 a
	T2	1108.081±25.848 ab	923.651±17.580 ab	731.083±22.291 ab
	T3	1160.567±33.114 bc	961.774±16.661 b	769.983±19.220 b
	T4	1194.663±54.229 c	1005.077±26.956 c	830.383±16.479 c
	T5	1160.712±22.361 bc	936.849±19.690 ab	764.317±27.984 b
东莨菪碱 Scopolamine (μg g^-1 DW)	T0	705.793±9.434 c	712.340±4.758 c	706.746±6.777 e
	T1	608.653±18.251 a	436.066±42.860 a	322.495±13.838 a
	T2	639.789±29.007 ab	443.938±22.239 a	342.123±13.148 ab
	T3	703.185±23.661 c	491.396±19.175 ab	363.689±24.281 bc
	T4	691.481±28.849 c	533.542±44.175 b	425.387±36.488 d
	T5	665.574±21.782 bc	482.438±38.057 ab	384.401±18.008 c

UV-B胁迫下Ca ²⁺对颠茄生理特性与次生代谢产物的调控研究

Effect of Exogenous Ca ²⁺ on Physiological Characteristics and Secondary Metabolites accumulation of Atropa belladonna L. Seedlings under UV-B Stress

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