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作物学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (3): 709-720.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2024.34088

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温胁迫对Bt棉纤维中杀虫蛋白含量及氮代谢的影响

戴雨阳(), 岳野, 刘震宇, 何润, 刘雨婷, 张祥, 陈德华, 陈媛()   

  1. 扬州大学 / 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点, 江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-22 接受日期:2023-10-23 出版日期:2024-03-12 网络出版日期:2023-11-10
  • 通讯作者: *陈媛, E-mail: cheny@yzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 1605339364@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31906462);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJB210013)

Effects of low temperature on the expression of insecticidal protein in Bt cotton fibers and its physiological mechanism

DAI Yu-Yang(), YUE Ye, LIU Zhen-Yu, HE Run, LIU Yu-Ting, ZHANG Xiang, CHEN De-Hua, CHEN Yuan()   

  1. Yangzhou University / Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2023-05-22 Accepted:2023-10-23 Published:2024-03-12 Published online:2023-11-10
  • Contact: *E-mail: cheny@yzu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31906462);Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(18KJB210013)

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摘要：

本研究以常规种泗抗1号(Sikang 1, SK1)和杂交种泗抗3号(Sikang 3, SK3)为材料进行盆栽试验, 研究了不同低温水平及其处理持续时间对Bt棉盛铃期纤维中杀虫蛋白含量变化及氮代谢生理特征。结果表明, 纤维中的杀虫蛋白含量随着温度的降低总体呈下降趋势, 同时低温处理持续期显著影响杀虫蛋白含量。与对照相比, 纤维中杀虫蛋白含量的降低幅度随低温胁迫时间的延长而增大。此外, 随着处理温度的降低, 可溶性蛋白含量、谷丙转氨酶活性、谷草转氨酶活性呈下降趋势, 游离氨基酸含量、肽酶活性、蛋白酶活性呈上升趋势, 且在低温处理48 h后, 均与杀虫蛋白含量呈极显著相关。因此, 低温胁迫促使了蛋白质的合成功能下降, 分解能力增强, 导致可溶性蛋白含量下降, 游离氨基酸含量升高, 最终导致杀虫蛋白含量下降, 且其受低温胁迫持续期显著影响。

关键词: Bt棉, 低温, 杀虫蛋白, 氮代谢

Abstract:

The study in pot experiments using conventional cultivar Sikang 1 (SK1) and hybrid cultivar Sikang 3 (SK3) as the experimental materials conducted the changes of Bt insecticidal protein content and nitrogen metabolism related physiological characteristics in Bt cotton fibers at peak boll stage under different low temperature and processing duration. The content of insecticidal protein in fibers decreased with the decrease of temperature, and the duration of low temperature treatment significantly affects the content of insecticidal protein compared with the control, the greater decrease of insecticidal protein content was observed with the extension of low temperature stress time. The soluble protein content, GOT activity, and GPT activity had a downward trend, while the free amino acid content, peptidase activity, and protease activity had an upward trend. After low temperature treatment for 48 hours, there was a significant correlation between those nitrogen metabolism related parameters with insecticidal protein content. Therefore, low temperature stress also decreased protein synthesis, enhanced protein decomposition, resulting in a decrease in soluble protein content, an increase in free amino acid content, and thus a reduced Bt insecticidal protein content, which significantly affected by the duration of low temperature stress.

Key words: Bt cotton, low temperature, insecticidal protein, nitrogen metabolism

表1

人工气候室48 h内各处理最低温度和最高温度"

处理
Treatment		 2020 2021
最低温度
Minimum temperature		 最高温度
Maximum temperature		 最低温度
Minimum temperature		 最高温度
Maximum temperature
27℃ 26.8 27.3 26.8 27.2
20℃ 19.7 20.2 — —
19℃ 18.9 19.2 18.8 19.3
18℃ 17.8 18.2 17.7 18.1
17℃ 16.8 17.2 16.8 17.3
16℃ 15.8 16.2 15.8 16.3

图1

低温对Bt棉纤维中杀虫蛋白含量的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图2

低温对Bt棉纤维中可溶性蛋白含量的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图3

低温对Bt棉纤维游离氨基酸含量的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图4

低温对Bt棉纤维谷草转氨酶活性的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图5

低温对Bt棉纤维谷丙转氨酶活性的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图6

低温对Bt棉纤维蛋白酶活性的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

图7

低温对Bt棉纤维肽酶活性的影响 SK1: 泗抗1号; SK3: 泗抗3号。图中不同小写字母代表相同品种不同温度在0.05概率水平差异显著。"

表2

杀虫蛋白含量与氮代谢关键物质含量和关键酶活性相关分析"

年份
Year		 品种
Cultivar		 处理
Treatment		 可溶性蛋白
Soluble protein		 游离氨基酸
Free amino acid		 谷草转氨酶
GOT		 谷丙转氨酶
GPT		 蛋白酶
Protease		 肽酶
Peptidase
2020 SK1 12 h 0.7773 -0.7284 0.8497* 0.9266** -0.9293** -0.9238**
24 h 0.9740** -0.9858** 0.9853** 0.9959** -0.9516** -0.9961**
48 h 0.9787** -0.9946** 0.9935** 0.9832** -0.9922** -0.9887**
SK3 12 h 0.9197** -0.9704** 0.8672* 0.9717** -0.8935* -0.9409**
24 h 0.8816* -0.9841** 0.9961** 0.9926** -0.9747** -0.9796**
48 h 0.9268** -0.9657** 0.9727** 0.9738** -0.9610** -0.9459**
2021 SK1 12 h 0.9098* -0.8287 0.8903* 0.7419 -0.8823* -0.7512
24 h 0.9414* -0.9820** 0.9849** 0.9952** -0.9957** -0.9665**
48 h 0.9798** -0.9579* 0.9899** 0.9464* -0.9907** -0.9175*
SK3 12 h 0.6864 -0.9926** 0.9451* 0.9509* -0.9403* -0.9724**
24 h 0.9664** -0.9573* 0.9791** 0.9661** -0.9824** -0.9990**
48 h 0.9867** -0.9941** 0.9626** 0.9865** -0.9542* -0.9937**

表3

逐步回归分析结果"

因变量
Dependent variable		 显著水平
Significant level		 自变量进入方程顺序
The order of stepwise		 回归方程
Regression equation
杀虫蛋白含量
Bt insecticidal protein content		 0.05 X3, X6 Y = 3.865-0.175X3-0.232X6
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