作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 1511-1521.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84174
薛延桃1,2,陆平1,史梦莎1,孙昊月1,刘敏轩1,*(),王瑞云2,3,*()
XUE Yan-Tao1,2,LU Ping1,SHI Meng-Sha1,SUN Hao-Yue1,LIU Min-Xuan1,*(),WANG Rui-Yun2,3,*()
摘要:
新疆、甘肃是我国古代丝绸之路的必经之地, 同时也是黍稷的主要种植区。研究该地区黍稷种质资源的遗传多样性和群体遗传结构, 对于开展黍稷起源进化研究, 明确黍稷传播路径具有重要的意义。本研究利用103对SSR标记对来自新疆、甘肃的216份黍稷资源进行了遗传多样性分析, 共检测到299个等位基因, 平均每个位点产生2.9个等位基因, 平均Shannon’s指数为0.7360, 平均观测杂合度为0.6298, 平均期望杂合度为0.5497, 多态性信息含量指数为0.0688~0.7786, 均值0.4714, 具有中度多态性。216份黍稷资源的近交系数为0.5870, 遗传分化系数为0.0383, 遗传分化程度很小。甘肃资源的等位基因数、Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、Nei’s期望杂合度和PIC值分别为2.8252、0.7347、0.4501和0.4674, 其遗传参数值均大于新疆资源, 表明甘肃种质资源的遗传多样性较新疆更丰富。基于遗传距离的聚类分析将216份黍稷资源分为5个类群, 类群I~IV共包含7份黍稷资源, 与别的资源遗传关系较远; 96%的资源集中于类群V, 在遗传距离为0.38处, 类群V又分为4个亚群, 亚群A和亚群D主要包含甘肃资源, 亚群B和亚群C主要包含新疆资源, 表明新疆与甘肃资源有明显分离和相互渗透现象。聚类分析与群体遗传结构分析结果相似, 均与生态地理分布相关。
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