作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 3166-3178.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13078
田明慧(), 杨硕, 杜嘉琪, 张晨曦, 何堂庆, 张学林()
TIAN Ming-Hui(), YANG Shuo, DU Jia-Qi, ZHANG Chen-Xi, HE Tang-Qing, ZHANG Xue-Lin()
摘要:
明确不同氮肥水平下丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, AMF)对灌浆期玉米籽粒磷、钾吸收的影响, 为农田合理配施生物肥料、提高养分吸收利用提供理论依据。2020年6月至10月夏玉米生育期, 在郑州与商丘2个试验点设置氮肥用量(N1: 180 kg N hm-2; N2: 270 kg N hm-2)和丛枝菌根真菌(M0: 不接种AMF菌剂; M1: 接种AMF菌剂)双因素试验, 测定玉米灌浆期籽粒粒重、植株生物量、根系特性、植株磷和钾含量及其累积量。结果表明, 2个试验点氮肥用量和AMF均显著影响灌浆期玉米籽粒百粒重、灌浆速率、根系特性和植株各器官磷、钾含量及其累积量。其中, 籽粒磷累积量随着灌浆期呈逐渐增加趋势, 钾累积量呈先增加后降低趋势。与N1相比, N2处理百粒重和灌浆速率均值分别增加8.4%和7.8%; 磷累积量和钾累积量平均增加58%和79%。与M0相比, 郑州和商丘2个试验点不同氮肥条件下M1处理的籽粒百粒重、灌浆速率、籽粒磷累积量和钾累积量均显著提高, 其中在商丘试验点的促进作用更大。2个试验点低氮和高氮条件下, 接种AMF均能提高根长、根表面积、根体积、根直径和根尖数。本研究表明, 在不同氮肥条件下玉米生育期接种丛枝菌根真菌均能够提高灌浆速率、改善根系吸收能力, 增加灌浆期玉米磷、钾累积量, 其中在低养分地区和低氮条件下的促进作用更大。
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