玉米耐高密品种冠层光氮分布及匹配特征研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13073

作物学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (12): 3179-3191.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13073

玉米耐高密品种冠层光氮分布及匹配特征研究

王梦(), 周光远(), 高聚林(), 于晓芳, 孙继颖, 胡树平, 青格尔, 屈佳伟, 马达灵, 王志刚()

内蒙古农业大学农学院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010019

收稿日期:2021-12-09 接受日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2022-12-12 网络出版日期:2022-05-10
通讯作者: 高聚林,王志刚
作者简介:王梦, E-mail: imauwangmeng@163.com;
周光远, E-mail: imauzgy960125@163.com第一联系人：
**同等贡献
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32160507);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021SZD0012)

Distribution and matching characteristics of light and nitrogen in maize canopy of high-density tolerance varieties

WANG Meng(), ZHOU Guang-Yuan(), GAO Ju-Lin(), YU Xiao-Fang, SUN Ji-Ying, HU Shu-Ping, QING Ge-Er, QU Jia-Wei, MA Da-Ling, WANG Zhi-Gang()

College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2021-12-09 Accepted:2022-05-05 Published:2022-12-12 Published online:2022-05-10
Contact: GAO Ju-Lin,WANG Zhi-Gang
About author:First author contact:
**Contributed equally to this work
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160507);Major Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2021SZD0012)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在有限氮投入下通过增密种植实现玉米增产增效, 需要进一步挖掘耐密品种的光氮匹配利用潜力。揭示不同耐密品种冠层光氮空间分布和匹配特征差异, 及其与玉米产量形成及氮效率的关系, 对探索玉米产量效率层次差异消减途径具有指导意义。本试验以常规品种KH8和耐高密品种MC670为试验材料, 在减氮增密条件下, 系统分析了常规和耐密型玉米品种冠层光氮分布及匹配特征的差异。结果表明, 耐高密品种MC670穗位以上透光率较常规品种KH8高20.6%。两品种的比叶氮(specific leaf nitrogen, SLN)均表现为上层叶片、中层叶片显著高于下层叶片; MC670上层、中层叶片SLN显著高于KH8, 但下层叶片差异不显著。KH8和MC670的光氮匹配系数分别为1.28和0.86, MC670的光氮匹配系数与理想值差异较小, 说明MC670的光氮匹配程度优于KH8。综上所述, 与常规品种KH8相比, 耐高密品种MC670冠层具有较低的消光系数和较高的氮消减系数, 使耐高密品种冠层具有较优的光氮匹配程度, 同时使其中上部冠层具有更高的光合氮比例、光合氮效率和光合生产力, 这是其实现较高的氮肥生理效率、氮肥利用效率及获得高产的重要生理内因。

关键词: 玉米, 冠层, 光氮匹配, 氮效率

Abstract:

To increase maize yield and efficiency through high-density planting with limited nitrogen input, it is necessary to further explore the potential of light-nitrogen matching utilization of dense-tolerant varieties. Revealing the spatial distribution and matching characteristics of light and nitrogen in canopy in canopy of different density-tolerant varieties, and their relationship with maize yield formation and nitrogen efficiency, is of guiding significance for exploring the reduction of maize yield and efficiency hierarchy differences. In this experiment, the conventional variety KH8 and the high-density tolerant variety MC670 were used as the experimental materials. The planting density was set at 82,500 plants hm^-2 and the nitrogen application rate was 150 kg hm^-2, systematic analysis of the different varieties of dense canopy light resistant nitrogen differences in spatial distribution and matching characteristics. The results showed that the transmittance of MC670 was 20.6% significantly higher than that of KH8. SLN (specific leaf nitrogen) of upper and middle leaves was significantly higher than that of lower leaves in both cultivars. The SLN of upper and middle leaves of MC670 was significantly higher than that of KH8, but the difference of lower leaves was not significant. The matching coefficients of light and nitrogen for KH8 and MC670 were 1.28 and 0.86, respectively. The difference between the matching coefficients of light and nitrogen for MC670 and the ideal value was small, indicating that the matching degree of light and nitrogen for MC670 was better than KH8. In conclusion, compared with the conventional varieties KH8, the canopy of high-density resistant varieties MC670 had lower extinction coefficient and higher nitrogen reduction coefficient, which made the canopy of high-density resistant varieties had a better light nitrogen matching degree. Meanwhile, the middle and upper canopy had higher ratio of light and nitrogen, photosynthetic productivity, and photosynthetic nitrogen ratio. This is an important physiological factor to achieve higher nitrogen physiological efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and high yield.

Key words: maize, canopy, photo-nitrogen matching, nitrogen use efficiency

王梦, 周光远, 高聚林, 于晓芳, 孙继颖, 胡树平, 青格尔, 屈佳伟, 马达灵, 王志刚. 玉米耐高密品种冠层光氮分布及匹配特征研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(12): 3179-3191.

WANG Meng, ZHOU Guang-Yuan, GAO Ju-Lin, YU Xiao-Fang, SUN Ji-Ying, HU Shu-Ping, QING Ge-Er, QU Jia-Wei, MA Da-Ling, WANG Zhi-Gang. Distribution and matching characteristics of light and nitrogen in maize canopy of high-density tolerance varieties[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(12): 3179-3191.

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年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	光分布模型 Light distribution model	R²	K_L	氮分布模型 Nitrogen distribution model	R²	K_b	K_L/K_b
2018	KH8	Y=1614.64×e^-0.4380^X	0.9727	0.438	Y=2.58×e^-0.3304^X	0.9938	0.3304	1.326
2018	MC670	Y=1728.80×e^-0.4180^X	0.9714	0.418	Y=3.26×e^-0.5049^X	0.9908	0.5049	0.828
2019	KH8	Y=1638.65×e^-0.4820^X	0.9954	0.482	Y=2.61×e^-0.3897^X	0.9703	0.3897	1.237
2019	MC670	Y=1731.95×e^-0.4480^X	0.9801	0.448	Y=3.24×e^-0.5054^X	0.9678	0.5054	0.886

叶片层位 Leaf level	氮积累量 Nitrogen accumulation		光合氮积累量 Photosynthetic nitrogen accumulation		基质氮积累量 Substrate nitrogen accumulation		结构氮积累量 Structural nitrogen accumulation
叶片层位 Leaf level	KH8	MC670	KH8	MC670	KH8	MC670	KH8	MC670
上层叶片 Upper leaf	39.2 Aa	38.2 Aa	13.4 Aa	14.5 Aa	12.7 Aa	13.1 Aa	12.9 Aa	10.8 Ba
中层叶片 Middle leaf	33.8 Bb	40.3 Aa	11.3 Bb	14.9 Aa	10.6 Bb	12.9 Aa	11.8 Aa	12.5 Aa
下层叶片 Lower leaf	20.7 Bc	29.9 Ab	6.1 Bc	9.6 Ab	6.2 Bc	8.9 Ab	8.4 Bc	11.3 Aa

年份 Year	品种 Cultivar	产量 Grain yield (t hm^-2)	氮肥利用效率 N use efficiency (kg kg^-1)	氮肥生理效率 N internal efficiency (kg kg^-1)	氮肥吸收效率 N recovery efficiency (kg kg^-1)
2018	KH8	14.30 b	8.27 b	39.36 b	0.21 a
2018	MC670	15.90 a	13.33 a	51.28 a	0.26 a
2019	KH8	13.24 b	8.67 b	31.73 b	0.27 a
2019	MC670	14.90 a	12.93 a	45.19 a	0.29 a

玉米耐高密品种冠层光氮分布及匹配特征研究

Distribution and matching characteristics of light and nitrogen in maize canopy of high-density tolerance varieties

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