欢迎访问作物学报,今天是

作物学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1350-1356.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2009.01350

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

苏丹草-黑麦草轮作制中施肥对饲料产量、养分吸收与土壤性质的影响

李文西1,鲁剑巍1,*,鲁君明2,李小坤1,戴志刚1,杨娟1   

  1. 1华中农业大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070;2湖北省荆州市大同湖管理区农技中心,湖北荆州434300
  • 收稿日期:2008-11-17 修回日期:2009-03-18 出版日期:2009-07-12 网络出版日期:2009-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 鲁剑巍, E-mail: lujianwei@mail.hzau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)国际合作项目(Hubei-22)资助。

Effect of Fertilization on Yield of Forage Grass,Nutrient Uptake and Soil Properties under Sudangrass and Ryegrass Rotation Regime

LI Wen-Xi1,LU Jian-Wei1,*,LU Jun-Ming2,LI Xiao-Kun1,DAI Zhing-Gang1,YANG Juan1   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan430070,China;2Agricultural Research Institute,Datonghu Administration District of Jingzhou City,Jingzhou 434300,China
  • Received:2008-11-17 Revised:2009-03-18 Published:2009-07-12 Published online:2009-05-19
  • Contact: LU Jian-Wei, E-mail: lujianwei@mail.hzau.edu.cn

摘要:

大田试验条件下采用苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)与黑麦草(Lolium L.)轮作,分别设CK(不施肥)NP(施氮磷肥)NK(施氮钾肥)PK(施磷钾肥)NPK(施氮磷钾肥) 5个处理研究施肥对饲草产量、养分吸收及土壤养分的影响。结果表明,氮磷钾肥配施显著提高苏丹草与黑麦草鲜草产量,2005—2006年与2006—2007年两季饲草分别为162.7 t hm-2114.9 t hm-2,分别比同期PKNKNP处理增产312.9%26.9%17.9%338.5%20.3%17.2%。施肥影响饲草的氮、磷、钾含量,且氮磷钾配施可以改善饲草养分吸收,2005—2006NPK处理的饲草NPK吸收量分别为500 kg hm-291 kg hm-2997 kg hm-22006—2007NPK处理的饲草NPK吸收量分别为312 kg hm-256 kg hm-2402 kg hm-2。轮作系统中,氮磷钾肥配施条件下氮、磷盈余最少,而钾亏缺。在苏丹草-黑麦草轮作制中,随着种植次数的增多,各施肥处理土壤有机质、全氮均有不同程度上升,施磷(NPKNPPK)处理的速效磷、施钾(NPKNKPK)处理的速效钾均有上升,而NK处理的速效磷、NP处理的速效钾略有下降。

关键词: 苏丹草-黑麦草轮作, 施肥, 养分吸收, 土壤养分, 江汉平原

Abstract:

Sudangrass and ryegrass rotation is a new type of growth system in Jianghan Plain, which had developed very fast in recent years. So it is highly essential to propose an optimum nutrient management practice for increasing forage grass yield, improving soil fertilization and assuring sustainable development in this new system. Effect of fertilization on yield of forage grass, nutrient uptake and nutrition in soil under Sudangrass and ryegrass rotation regime was studied for two years through the field experiments in Honghu City of Jianghan Plain. The results showed that the application of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) combination obviously improved fresh yield of Sudangrass and ryegrass, with a total forage yield of 162.7 t ha-1 in 20052006, which was 312.9%, 26.9%, 17.9% higher than that of PK, NK, NP treatments, respectively. The total forage yield was 114.9 t ha-1 in 20062007, and 338.5%, 20.3%, 17.2% higher than that of PK, NK, NP treatments, respectively. Fertilization affected nutrient content of forage grass, and N fertilizer increased N content of grass, and K fertilizer increased K content of grass. NPK combination also promoted nutrient uptake of forage grass, with the higher nutrient uptake than other treatments. The total N, P, K uptake of forage grass was 500 kg ha-1, 91 kg ha-1and 997 kg ha-1 in 20052006, and 312 kg ha-1, 56 kg ha-1, 402 kg ha-1 in 20062007, respectively. In this rotation, the surplus of N and P2O5 in NPK treatment was the least, compared with that in NP, NK and PK treatments. However, K2O surplus in NPK treatment was the negative. In Sudangrass and ryegrass rotation, organic matter and total nitrogen in soil in all treatments, available phosphorus in soil in NPK, NP and PK treatments and available potassium in soil in NPK, NK and PK treatments increased with crop rotation times. But available phosphorus in soil in NK treatment and available potassium in soil in NP treatment slightly degraded, respectively.

Key words: Sudangrass and ryegrass rotation, Fertilization, Nutrients uptake, Soil nutrition, Jianghan Plain

[1] Zhang C-X(张春霞), Hao M-D(郝明德), Xie B-C(谢佰承). Effect of application amounts of different chemical fertilizers on soil carbon pool. Chin J Soil Sci (土壤通报), 2006, 37(5): 861-864 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[2] Lü J-L(吕家珑), Zhang Y-P(张一平), Wang X-D(王旭东), Zhao G-X(赵高霞), Zhang C-H(张春惠). Effect of long-term single application of chemical fertilizer on soil properties and crop yield. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 2001, 12(4): 569-572(in Chinese with English abstract)

[3] Shi H-R(史鸿儒), Zhang W-Z(张文忠), Xie W-X(解文孝), Yang Q(杨庆), Zhang Z-Y(张振宇), Han Y-D(韩亚东), Xu Z-J(徐正进), Chen W-F(陈温福). Analysis of matter production characteristics under different nitrogen application patterns of Japonica super rice in North China. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(11): 1985-1993(in Chinese with English abstract)

[4]Miglierina A M, Iglesias J O, Landriscini M R, Galantini J A, Rosell R A. The effects of crop rotation and fertilization on wheat productivity in the Pampean semiarid region of Argentina 1: Soil physical and chemical properties. Soil Till Res, 2000, 53: 129-135

[5] Kong H-M(孔宏敏), He Y-Q(何圆球), Wu D-F(吴大付), Li C-L(李成亮). Effect of long-term fertilization on crop yield and soil fertility of upland red soil. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 2004, 15(5): 782-786(in Chinese with English abstract)

[6] Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Chen F(陈防), Liang Y-G(梁友光), Lu J-M(鲁君明). Effect of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on economic benefit and yield of forage grass. Reservoir Fish (水利渔业), 2003, 23(2): 58-59(in Chinese)

[7] Lu J-W(鲁剑巍), Li X-K(李小坤), Liang Y-G(梁友光), Lu J-M(鲁君明), Chen F(陈防). Effect of balance fertilization on growth and yield of Ryegrass. Reservoir Fish (水利渔业), 2004, 24(2): 20-22(in Chinese)

[8] Wang J-Q(王激清), Liu Q-Q(刘全清), Ma W-Q(马文奇), Jiang R-F(江荣凤), Zhang F-S(张福锁). Utilization and rational control measures of nutrient resources in China. Resour Sci (资源科学), 2005, 27(3): 47-53(in Chinese with English abstract)

[9] Liu Z-H(刘兆辉), Jiang L-H(江丽华), Zhang W-J(张文君), Zheng F-L(郑福丽), Wang M(王梅), Li H-T(林海涛). Evolution of fertilization and variation of soil nutrient contents in greenhouse vegetable cultivation in Shandong. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报), 2008, 45(2): 296-303(in Chinese with English abstract)

[10] Zhu Z-L(朱兆良). Loss of fertilizer N from plants-soil system and the strategies and techniques for its reduction. Soil Environ Sci (土壤与环境), 2000, 9(1): 1-6(in Chinese with English abstract)

[11] Buciene A, Svedas A, Antanaitis S. Balances of the major nutrients N, P and K at the farm and field level and some possibilities to improve comparisons between actual and estimated crop yields. Eur J Agron, 2003, 20: 53-62

[12] Haefele S M, Wopereis M C, Schloebohm A M, Wiechmann H. Long-term fertility experiments for irrigated rice in the West African Sahel: Effect on soil characteristics. Field Crops Res, 2004, 85: 61-77

[13] Zeng Y-J(曾勇军), Shi Q-H(石庆华), Pan X-H(潘晓华), Han T(韩涛). Effects of nitrogen application amount on characteristics of nitrogen utilization and yield formation in high yielding early hybrid rice. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(8): 1409-1416(in Chinese with English abstract)

[14] Tu G-W(徐国伟), Yang L-N(杨立年), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Liu L-J(刘立军), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Effects of wheat-residue application and site-specific nitrogen management on absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in rice plants. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(8): 1424-1434(in Chinese with English abstract)

[15] Bao S-D(鲍士旦). Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Analysis (土壤农业化学分析). Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2000(in Chinese)

[16] Huang Q-R(黄欠如), Hu F(胡锋), Li H-X(李辉信), Lai T(赖涛), Yuan Y-H(袁颖红). Crop yield response to fertilization and its relations with climate and soil fertility in red paddy soil. Acta Pedol Sin (土壤学报), 2006, 43(6): 926-933(in Chinese with English abstract)

[17] Zhang W-X(张卫星), Zhu D-F(朱德峰), Xu Y-C(徐一成), Lin X-Q(林贤青), Zhang Y-P(张玉屏), Chen H-Z(陈惠哲), Zhao Z(赵致). Grain morphological traits measured based on vision detection technology and their relation to grain weight in rice under different water condition. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(10): 1826-1835(in Chinese with English abstract)

[18] Fan X-D(樊晓东), Sun Z-H(孙在红), Qian Z-H(钱珍华). Factors that affect pasture biomass production. Pratacult Sci (草业科学), 2003, 20(10): 33-36 (in Chinese with English abstract)

[19] Wassenaar T, Lagacherie P, Legros J P, Rounsevell M D A. Modelling wheat yield responses to soil and climate variability at the regional scale. Climate Res, 1999, 11: 209-220

[20] Sun B-P(孙本普), Wang Y(王勇), Li X-Y(李秀云), Liu F(刘锋), Wang J-H(王继诰), Zhang B-M(张宝民), Sun Z-G(孙在刚), Qu B-S(曲百收), Yuan X-C(袁训成), Li M(李萌). The influence of climate and cultivation on the yield components of winter wheat in different years. J Triticeae Crops (麦类作物学报), 2004, 24(2): 83-87(in Chinese with English abstract)

[21] Zhang T-R(张钛仁), Yang L-D(颜亮东), Zhang F(张峰), Li C-S(李朝生), Dong Z-H(董章杭), Chai X-M(柴秀梅), Li Z-Z(李自珍). The impacts of climate change on the natural pasture grass in Qinghai Province. Plateau Meteorol (高原气象), 2007, 26(4): 724-731(in Chinese with English abstract)

[22] Wang X-L(王小利), Zhang L(张力), Zhang D-G(张德罡), Gan Y-M(干友民), Xu G-P(徐广平), Yang Y-H(杨予海), Miao X-L(苗小林), Zhou X-H(周学辉), Deng C-H(邓春辉), Guan Q-Z(官却扎西). Quantitative characters of reproductive organs of natural El ymus excelsus population in Songnen Plains of China.Grassland and Turf(草原与草坪), 2006, (4): 15-21(in Chinese with English abstract)

[23] Yu W-T(宇万太), Yu Y-Q(于永强). Advances in the research of underground biomass. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 2001, 12(6): 927-932(in Chinese with English abstract)

[24] Wang C-Y(王春乙), Guo J-P(郭建平), Wang X-L(王修兰), Xu S-H(徐师华), Cui D-C(崔读昌), Liang H(梁红). The experimental study of the effects of CO2 concentration enrichment on physiological feature of C3 and C4 crops. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2000, 26(6): 813-817(in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[2] 肖健, 陈思宇, 孙妍, 杨尚东, 谭宏伟. 不同施肥水平下甘蔗植株根系内生细菌群落结构特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1222-1234.
[3] 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[4] 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[5] 张学林, 李晓立, 何堂庆, 张晨曦, 田明慧, 吴梅, 周亚男, 郝晓峰, 杨青华. 丛枝菌根真菌对玉米籽粒产量和氮素吸收的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(8): 1603-1615.
[6] 方彦杰, 张绪成, 侯慧芝, 于显枫, 王红丽, 马一凡, 张国平, 雷康宁. 全膜覆土种植和施肥对旱地苦荞耗水特征及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(6): 1149-1161.
[7] 吴春花, 普雪可, 周永瑾, 勉有明, 苗芳芳, 李荣. 宁南旱区沟垄集雨结合覆盖对土壤水热肥与马铃薯产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(11): 2208-2219.
[8] 黄恒, 姜恒鑫, 刘光明, 袁嘉琦, 汪源, 赵灿, 王维领, 霍中洋, 许轲, 戴其根, 张洪程, 李德剑, 刘国林. 侧深施氮对水稻产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(11): 2232-2249.
[9] 侯红乾,林洪鑫,刘秀梅,冀建华,刘益仁,蓝贤瑾,吕真真,周卫军. 长期施肥处理对双季晚稻叶绿素荧光特征及籽粒产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(02): 280-289.
[10] 程乙,刘鹏,刘玉文,庞尚水,董树亭,张吉旺,赵斌,任佰朝. 黄淮海区域现代夏玉米品种产量与养分吸收规律[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(11): 1699-1714.
[11] 陈雪娇,张旭东,韩治中,张鹏,贾志宽,连延浩,韩清芳. 半干旱区沟垄集雨种植谷子的肥料效应及其增产贡献[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(7): 1055-1066.
[12] 汤文光,肖小平,张海林,黄桂林,唐海明,李超,刘胜利,汪柯. 轮耕对双季稻田耕层土壤养分库容及Cd含量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2018, 44(01): 105-114.
[13] 陈金,庞党伟,韩明明,尹燕枰,郑孟静,骆永丽,王振林*,李勇*. 耕作模式对土壤生物活性与养分有效性及冬小麦产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2017, 43(08): 1245-1253.
[14] 张建军*,樊廷录,赵刚,党翼,王磊,李尚中 . 长期定位施不同氮源有机肥替代部分含氮化肥对陇东旱塬冬小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2017, 43(07): 1077-1086.
[15] 王力,孙影,张洪程*,魏海燕,朱大伟,朱盈,徐栋,霍中洋. 不同时期施用锌硅肥对优良食味粳稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2017, 43(06): 885-898.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!