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作物学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (4): 665-672.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.00665

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

喷施硼肥对紫花苜蓿光合作用及可溶性糖源库间运转的影响

宗毓铮,王雯玥,韩清芳*,丁瑞霞,贾志宽,聂俊峰   

  1. 西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱研究中心/农业部旱地作物生产与生态重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌712100
  • 收稿日期:2009-08-12 修回日期:2009-12-18 出版日期:2010-04-12 网络出版日期:2010-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 韩清芳, E-mail: hanqf88@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由陕西省自然科学基金项目(2006C105),国家"十一五"旱地农业支撑计划课题(2006BAD29B03)和西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金(05YZ019)项目资助.

Effects of Different Levels of Boron Fertilizer on Alfalfa Photosynthesis and Source-Sink Translocation of Soluble Carbohydrate

ZONG Yu-Zheng,WANG Wen-Yue,HAN Qing-Fang*,DING Rui-Xia,JIA Zhi-Kuan,NIE Jun-Feng   

  1. The Arid and Semi-arid Areas Research Center of Agriculture Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Crop Production and ecology,Minister of Agriculture,the People's Republic of China,Yangling 712100,China
  • Received:2009-08-12 Revised:2009-12-18 Published:2010-04-12 Published online:2010-03-03
  • Contact: HAN Qing-Fang,E-mail:hanqf88@126.com

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1317

被引次数

48

摘要：

通过叶面喷施不同次数、不同浓度硼肥，研究其对缺硼土壤条件下紫花苜蓿光合作用及可溶性糖运转的影响，探讨苜蓿吸收的硼规律及高产施硼技术。结果表明，从返青期开始，连续在分枝期和现蕾初期累计喷施1次、2次或3次5个浓度的硼砂，均不同程度影响紫花苜蓿光合特性和可溶性糖源库间的运转。喷施3次0.3%(W/W)的硼砂对提高叶片中B含量、光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和叶绿素含量(Chl)作用最显著，较对照提高幅度分别为75%、39%、30%和70%，喷施3次0.2%的硼砂对增大叶面积效果最佳，较对照增加37%，并可有效降低叶片可溶性糖含量(50%)；一次或多次喷施0.5%(W/W)的硼砂会导致硼中毒现象，抑制光合作用，植株生长受阻。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 光合作用, 叶绿素含量, 可溶性糖

Abstract:

Alfalfa, one of the uppermost leguminous grasses in the world, is widely cultivated in arid-semiarid areas of the loess plateau. Because the content of water-soluble Boron (B) is less than 0.5 mg kg–1 in 56% soil in loess plateau and alfalfa is a highly sensitive crop to B, it is necessary to supply adequate B for perennial alfalfa growth. Previous studies showed that physiological characteristics of crops were influenced by B through its effect on the structure of chloroplast, promoting the transportation of sugar and adjusting the balance between moisture and nutrient, then indirectly on the oxidation and reduction process of photosynthesis and respiration of crops. Until now, most studies have concentrated on the effects of B on yield and quality of alfalfa, few reports on the impact of B on photosynthetic characteristics of alfalfa were available. This study focused on the effects of different B fertilizer levels on the photosynthesis and translocation of soluble carbohydrate by spraying B on the leaves surface of alfalfa grown in B deficient soil, and investigated the high-yield technology of applying B fertilizer in alfalfa. The results showed that photosynthesis and translocation of soluble carbohydrate between source and sink were differently influenced by spraying five concentrations of B fertilizer with different times (1, 2, or 3 times) at reviving, branching and early flower bud stages. Significant influences were observed on the increase of Pn, Tr, and chlorophyll content by 39%, 30%, and 70%, respectively, in the treatment of spaying three times of 0.3% borax solution compared with the control. Leaf area increased by 37% and soluble carbohydrate concentration in leaves decreased by 50% in the treatment of spraying three times of 0.2% borax solution. B content, Pn, and Tr in leaf were significantly increased by 51%, 33%, and 25%, respectively in the treatment of spraying two times of 0.4% borax solution compared with the control. However, B intoxication might occur, along with the decrease of photosynthesis capacity and retardness of growth by spraying 0.5% borax solution 1–3 times.

Key words: Boron, Alfalfa, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll content, Soluble carbohydrate

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