作物学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (09): 1679-1686.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2013.01679
李志杰1,张振平2,张艺3,邓艾兴1,宋振伟1,郑成岩1,张卫建1,*
LI Zhi-Jie1,ZHANG Zhen-Ping2,ZHANG Yi3,DENG Ai-Xing1,SONG Zhen-Wei1,ZHENG Cheng-Yan1,ZHANG Wei-Jian1,*
摘要:
阐明水稻品种演进过程中植株生产力和资源利用效率的变化特征,对高产高效协调的水稻品种选育和稻作技术改进具有重要的理论参考意义。本研究以1950—2010年间辽宁省的12个水稻主栽品种为材料,探讨氮肥施用对不同年代水稻品种植株生产力和氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,1990s及之后品种的最高生物学产量和籽粒产量均显著高于1980s及以前的品种,1990s及之后品种产量的递增主要归功于穗粒数的增加。其最高产量的施氮量显著高于1980s及以前的品种,低氮条件下不同年代品种间的生产力差异不显著。随年代的递进,水稻品种的氮肥农学利用率、偏生产力呈现递增趋势,但生理利用率和吸收利用率的变化趋势不明显;茎叶氮含量变化不明显,但籽粒氮含量呈下降趋势。随施氮量的递增,各年代品种植株含氮量均呈现递增趋势,但农学利用率、偏生产力、生理利用率、吸收利用率均呈下降趋势。在低氮条件下1990s及之后品种的氮肥利用效率与1980s及以前品种的差异不明显,但高氮下前者的氮肥利用效率显著高于后者。上述结果表明,虽然辽宁水稻植株生产力提升是品种改良和施肥水平提高的双重作用的结果,但在今后品种选育和栽培技术改进中要进一步协调好高产与资源高效的关系。
[1]Song Z-Y(宋智勇), Luo F(罗凤), Lian X-M(练兴明). Effect of nitrogen application on nitrogen uptaking and utilization in ten different rice varieties. J Huazhong Agric Univ (华中农业大学学报), 2012, 31(2): 165−170 (in Chinese with English abstract)[2]Wang D-Y(王丹英), Xu C-M(徐春梅), Yuan J(袁江), Zhao F(赵锋), Liao X-Y(廖西元), Zhang X-F(章秀福). The response of indica hybrid rice released at different periods to nitrogen application level. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2010, 36(2): 354−360 (in Chinese with English abstract)[3]Peng S-B(彭少兵), Huang J-L(黄见良), Zhong X-H(钟旭华), Yang J-C(杨建昌), Wang G-H(王光火), Zou Y-B(邹应斌), Zhang F-S(张福锁), Zhu Q-S(朱庆森), Roland B, Christian W. Research strategy in improving fertilizer-nitrogen use efficiency of irrigated rice in China. Sci Agric Sin (中国农业科学), 2002, 35(9): 1095−1103 (in Chinese with English abstract)[4]Tirol-Padre A, Ladha J K, singh U, Laureles E, Punzalan G, Akita S. Grain yield performance of rice genotypes at suboptimal levels of soil N as affected by N uptake and utilization efficiency. Field Crops Res, 1996, 46: 127−143 [5]Fageria N K, Baligar V C. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants. Adv Agron, 2005, 88: 97−185[6]Hasegawa H, Furukawa Y, Kimura S D. On-farm assessment of organic amendments effects on nutrient status and nutrient use efficiency of organic rice fields in Northeastern Japan. Agric Ecosyst Environ, 2005, 108: 350-362[7]Yang C M, Yang L Z, Yan T M.Effects of nutrient and water regimes on paddy soil eco-environment. Rural Eco-environ, 2002, 18: 11−15[8]Samonte S O P B, Wilson L T, Medley J C, Pinson R S M, Mcclung A M, Lales J S. Nitrogen utilization efficiency: relationships with grain yield, grain protein, and yield-related traits in rice. Agron J, 2006, 98: 168−176 [9]Zhang C-S(张传胜), Long Y-C(龙银成), Zhou J(周娟), Dong G-C(董桂春), Wang Y-L(王余龙). Study on nitrogen uptake and use efficiency in different grain yield types of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. J Yangzhou Univ (Agric & Life Sci) (扬州大学学报•农业与生命科学版), 2004, 25(2): 17−21 (in Chinese with English abstract)[10]Ye Q-B(叶全宝), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Wei H-Y(魏海燕), Zhang Y(张瑛), Wang B-F(汪本福), Xia K(夏科), Huo Z-Y(霍中洋), Dai Q-G(戴其根), Xu K(许轲). Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and yield of rice under different soil conditions. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2005, 31(11): 1422−1428 (in Chinese with English abstract)[11]Hasegawa H. High-yielding rice cultivars perform best even at reduced nitrogen fertilizer rate. Crop Sci, 2003, 43: 921−926[12]Yin C-Y(殷春渊), Zhang Q(张庆), Wei H-Y(魏海燕), Zhang H-C(张洪程), Dai Q-G(戴其根) Huo Z-Y(霍中洋), Xu K(许轲), Ma Q(马群), Hang J(杭杰), Zhang S-F(张胜飞). Effect of N Fertilizer Levels on the Differences of Yield, N Uptake and Utilization in Japonica Rice with Different Breeding Time. Acta Agric Boreali Sin (华北农学报), 2009, 24(5): 123−129 (in Chinese with English abstract) [13]Wang D-Y(王丹英), Zhang X-F(章秀福), Shao G-S(邵国胜), Xu C-M(徐春梅). Response of grain yield of different japonica rice cultivars to amount of nitrogen application in high-fertility paddy field. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2008, 34(9): 1623−1628 (in Chinese with English abstract)[14]Fischer K S. Toward increasing nutrient-use efficiency in rice cropping systems: the next generation of technology. Field Crops Res, 1998, 56: 1−6[15]Zhang Y-Q(张云桥), Wu R-S(吴荣生), Jiang N(蒋宁), Liu G-H(刘桂华). Relationship between the efficiency of utilization of nitrogen and types of variety of rice. Plant Physiol Commun (植物生理学通讯), 1989, (2): 45−47 (in Chinese)[16]Yang W-G (杨武广). Difference of grain yield and quality in wheat cultivars from different decades and its responses to nitrogen fertilization. Dissertation of Nanjing Agricultural University, 2009 (in Chinese with English abstract) [17]Qian C-R(钱春荣), Yu Y(于洋), Gong X-J(宫秀杰), Jiang Y-B(姜宇博), Zhao Y(赵杨), Hao Y-B(郝玉波), Li L(李梁), Zhang W-J(张卫建). Response of nitrogen use efficiency to plant density and nitrogen application rate for maize hybrids from different eras in Heilongjiang Province. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2012, 38(11): 2069−2077 (in Chinese with English abstract)[18]Chen W-F(陈温福), Pan W-B(潘文博), Xu Z-J(徐正进). Current situation and trends in production of japonica rice in China. J Shenyang Agric Univ (沈阳农业大学学报), 2006, 37(6): 801−805 (in Chinese with English abstract)[19]Bao S-D(鲍士旦). Soil Chemical Analysis(土壤农化分析). Beijing: Chinese Agriculture Press, 2000. pp 44−49 (in Chinese)[20]Jiang N, Di Y T, Zhao G C, Xu K Z, Wu Z H, Zhang Z A, Ling F L. Biomasses in different organs of rice cultivars developed during recent forty-seven years in Jilin Province, China. Rice Sci, 2010, 17(3): 206−212[21]Peng S B, Cassman K G, Virmanie S S, Sheehy J, Khush G S. Yield potential trends of tropical rice since the release of IR8 and the challenge of increasing rice yield potential. Crop Sci, 1999, 39: 1552−1559 [22]Wu Z-H(武志海), Xu K-Z(徐克章), Zhao Y-J(赵颖君), He X-L(何小亮), Wang X-L(王晓玲), Ling F-L(凌凤楼). Changes of some agronomic traits in japonica rice varieties during forty-seven years of genetic improvement in Jilin Province, China. Chin J Rice Sci (中国水稻科学), 2007, 2l(5): 507−512 (in Chinese with English abstract) [23]Zhang S-Y(张三元), Li C(李彻), Shi Y-H(石玉海), Zhang J-G(张俊国), Zhao J-S(赵劲松). The study of super rice breeding in Jilin Ⅱ. The yield character and morphological physiology of different panicle type variety. J Jilin Agric Sci (吉林农业科学), 1999, 24(1): 4−7 (in Chinese with English abstract)[24]Zhang H, Tan G L, Xue Y G, Liu L J, Yang J C. Changes in grain yield and morphological and physiological characteristics during 60-year evolution of japonica rice cultivars in Jiangsu. Acta Agron Sin, 2010, 36(1): 133−140 [25]Peng S, Laza R C, Visperas B M, Sanico A L, Cassman K G. Grain yield of rice cultivars and lines developed in the Philippines science 1966. Crop Sci, 2000, 40: 307−314 [26]Zhang H(张耗), Huang Z-H(黄钻华), Wang J-C(王静超), Wang Z-Q(王志琴), Yang J-C(杨建昌). Changes in morphological and physiological traits of roots and their relationships with grain yield during the evolution of mid-season indica rice cultivars in Jiangsu Province. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2011, 37(6): 1020−1030 (in Chinese with English abstract)[27]Chen J-F(程建峰), Dai T-B(戴廷波), CaoW-X(曹卫星), Jiang D(姜东), Pan X-Y(潘晓云). Nitrogen metabolic characteristics in rice genotypes with different nitrogen harvest index. Acta Agron Sin (作物学报), 2007, 33(3): 497−50 (in Chinese with English abstract)[28]Yang S-N(杨梢娜), Yu Q-G(俞巧钢), Ye J(叶静), Jiang L-N(姜丽娜), Ma J-W(马军伟), Wang Q(王强), Wang J-M(汪建妹), Sun W-C(孙万春), Fu J-R(符建荣). Effects of nitrogen fertilization on yield and nitrogen USE efficiency of hybrid rice. Plant Nutr Fert Sci (植物营养与肥料学报), 2010, 16(5): 1120−1125 (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[1] | 王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450. |
[2] | 严圣吉, 邓艾兴, 尚子吟, 唐志伟, 陈长青, 张俊, 张卫建. 我国作物生产碳排放特征及助力碳中和的减排固碳途径[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 930-941. |
[3] | 闫岩, 张钰石, 刘础荣, 任丹阳, 刘洪润, 刘雪晴, 张明才, 李召虎. 冬小麦-夏玉米轮作“双晚”种植模式下的品种匹配与资源效率[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 423-436. |
[4] | 张帆, 杨茜. 大麦-双季稻轮作体系有机物料与化肥配施对大麦资源利用效率及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(12): 2522-2531. |
[5] | 周宝元,葛均筑,侯海鹏,孙雪芳,丁在松,李从锋,马玮,赵明. 黄淮海平原南部不同种植体系周年气候资源分配与利用特征研究[J]. 作物学报, 2020, 46(6): 937-949. |
[6] | 王旭虹,李鸣晓,张群,金峰,马秀芳,姜树坤,徐正进,陈温福. 籼型血缘对籼粳稻杂交后代产量和加工及外观品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(4): 538-545. |
[7] | 周宝元,马玮,孙雪芳,丁在松,李从锋,赵明. 冬小麦-夏玉米高产模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征研究[J]. 作物学报, 2019, 45(4): 589-600. |
[8] | 陶进,钱希旸,剧成欣,刘立军,张耗,顾骏飞,王志琴,杨建昌*. 不同年代中籼水稻品种的米质及其对氮肥的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2016, 42(09): 1352-1362. |
[9] | 李淑娅,田少阳,袁国印,葛均筑,徐莹,王梦影,曹凑贵,翟中兵,凌霄霞,展茗,赵明. 长江中游不同玉稻种植模式产量及资源利用效率的比较研究[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(10): 1537-1547. |
[10] | 周宝元, 王志敏, 岳阳, 马玮, 赵明. 冬小麦-夏玉米与双季玉米种植模式产量及光温资源利用特征比较[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(09): 1393-1405. |
[11] | 张常赫,戴艳娇,杨洪坤,张馨月,杜祥备,陈兵林,周治国*. 不同栽培方式对长江下游棉田资源利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(07): 1105-1111. |
[12] | 王远征,王晓菁,李源,徐海,王嘉宇,赵明辉,唐亮,马殿荣,徐正进,陈温福. 北方粳稻产量与品质性状及其相互关系分析[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(06): 910-918. |
[13] | 田中伟,樊永惠,殷美,王方瑞,蔡剑,姜东,戴廷波*. 长江中下游小麦品种根系改良特征及其与产量的关系[J]. 作物学报, 2015, 41(04): 613-622. |
[14] | 陈露,张伟杨,王志琴,张耗,刘立军,杨建昌*. 施氮量对江苏不同年代中粳稻品种产量与群体质量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(08): 1412-1423. |
[15] | 钱春荣,于洋,宫秀杰,姜宇博,赵杨,郝玉波,李梁,张卫建. 黑龙江省不同年代玉米杂交种氮肥利用效率对种植密度和施氮水平的响应[J]. 作物学报, 2012, 38(11): 2069-2077. |
|