欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (07): 1274-1285.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01274

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

连作对甘肃中部沿黄灌区马铃薯干物质积累和分配的影响

刘星1,张书乐1,刘国锋1,邱慧珍1,*,王蒂2,3,*,张俊莲2,3,沈其荣4   

  1. 1 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院 / 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070; 2 甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070; 3 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃兰州 730070; 4 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 江苏南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2013-10-27 修回日期:2014-03-04 出版日期:2014-07-12 网络出版日期:2014-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 邱慧珍, E-mail: hzqiu@gsau.edu.cn; 王蒂, E-mail: wangd@gsau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本研究由国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103004), 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD06B03), 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10-P18)和甘肃省科技重大专项(1102NKDA025)资助。

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Dry Matter Accumulation and Distribution of Potato Plants in Yellow River Irrigation Areas of Middle Gansu Province

LIU Xing1,Zhang Shu-Le1,Liu Guo-Feng1,QIU Hui-Zhen1,*,WANG Di2,3,*,ZHANG Jun-Lian2,3,SHEN Qi-Rong4   

  1. 1 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences / Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2 Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Lanzhou 730070, China; 3 College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; 4 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2013-10-27 Revised:2014-03-04 Published:2014-07-12 Published online:2014-04-08
  • Contact: 邱慧珍, E-mail: hzqiu@gsau.edu.cn; 王蒂, E-mail: wangd@gsau.edu.cn

RichHTML

PDF

1497

被引次数

53

摘要：

甘肃省中部沿黄灌区是全国重要的加工型马铃薯生产基地, 因集约化种植带来连作障碍问题已严重影响到农业产业的健康发展, 所以探索连作对马铃薯块茎产量形成的影响与机理十分必要。根据田间定位试验, 以前茬为玉米的地块作对照，设连作1~5年处理, 采用常规方法，调查连作对马铃薯产量、干物质积累和分配以及花后干物质积累和转运的影响。结果表明, 与对照相比, 短期(1~2年)连作未表现连作障碍现象, 连作第3年, 块茎产量显著下降, 降幅达21.68%~75.67%, 单薯重量变化是产量下降的直接原因; 马铃薯整株和块茎的干物质积累均表现出明显的“S”型曲线特征, 连作缩短干物质快速增长期时间和减少干物质平均积累速度; 也影响马铃薯植株干物质在不同器官间的分配比例, 特别是明显增加根系干物质分配比例。在块茎产量的形成过程中, 长期连作导致营养器官花前贮藏干物质向块茎转运的贡献增加, 而花后同化产物向块茎直接输入的贡献降低。长期连作条件下马铃薯植株库源关系的失衡是导致块茎产量降低的主要原因。

关键词: 马铃薯, 连作, 干物质, 积累, 分配

Abstract:

The Yellow River irrigation areas of middle Gansu Province is one of the major growing regions of processing potato in China and potato is often planted continuously by farmers eager to maximize profit, this practice results in the severe decline in tuber yield and also affects the healthy development of the potato industry locally. It is necessary to explore effects of continuous cropping on potato yield formation. On the basis of the long-term experiment, with taking filed cropping six potato cropping treatments, corresponding to continuously planted potato crop over 0–5 years respectively, we made an attempt to understand the effects of continuous cropping on potato tuber yield, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and accumulation and translocation of dry matter during post-anthesis. There were no statistical differences in tuber yield under the short-term continuous cropping compared with control, however, significant decline in tuber yield by 21.68%–75.67% occurred after three years of continuous cropping, which was mainly derived from the decline in the average fresh-weight of individual tuber. Dynamics of dry matter accumulation in the whole plant and tuber both showed the “S” curve feature, and the continuous cropping decreased the average rate and the duration in dry matter accumulation during quickly accumulative period of potato compared with control. The continuous cropping also affected dry matter distribution, especially increased dry matter distribution ratio in root compared with control. For tuber yield formation, the long-term continuous cropping increased the contribution of translocation of dry matter stored in vegetative organs during pre-anthesis, whereas decreased the contribution of direct assimilate accumulation in tuber during post-anthesis. In conclusion, the long-term continuous cropping leeds to an imbalance of sink-source relationship of potato plants, which is the main cause of tuber yield decline.

Key words: Potato, Continuous cropping, Dry matter, Accumulation, Distribution

[1]沈宝云, 余斌, 王文, 张俊莲, 王蒂. 腐植酸铵、有机肥、微生物肥配施在克服甘肃干旱地区马铃薯连作障碍上的应用研究. 中国土壤与肥料, 2011, (2): 68–70



Shen B Y, Yu B, Wang W, Zhang J L, Wang D. Study on the application of humic ammonia, organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer to eliminate continuous cropping obstacles of potato in the arid regions of Gansu. Soils Fert Sci China, 2011, (2): 68–70 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[2]沈宝云, 刘星, 王蒂, 孟品品, 张俊莲, 邱慧珍. 甘肃省中部沿黄灌区连作对马铃薯植株生理生态特性的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2013, 21: 689–699



Shen B Y, Liu X, Wang D, Meng P P, Zhang J L, Qiu H Z. Effects of continuous cropping on potato eco-physiological characteristics in the Yellow River irrigation area of the central Gansu Province. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2013, 21: 689–699 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[3]余斌, 沈宝云, 王文, 邱慧珍, 刘鑫, 李朝周, 张俊莲, 王蒂. 连作障碍对干旱地区不同马铃薯品种的影响. 甘肃农业大学学报, 2012, 47(4): 43–47



Yu B, Shen B Y, Wang W, Qiu H Z, Liu X, Li C Z, Zhang J L, Wang D. Effects of different potato varieties on preventing continuous cropping obstacle in the arid regions. J Gansu Agric Uni, 2012, 47(4): 43–47 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[4]孟品品, 刘星, 邱慧珍, 张文明, 张春红, 王蒂, 张俊莲, 沈其荣. 连作马铃薯根际土壤真菌种群结构及其生物效应. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23: 3079–3086



Meng P P, Liu X, Qiu H Z, Zhang W M, Zhang C H, Wang D, Zhang J L, Shen Q R. Fungal population structure and its biological effect in rhizosphere soil of continuously cropped potato. Chinese J Appl Ecol, 2012, 23: 3079–3086 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[5]牛秀群, 李金花, 张俊莲, 沈宝云, 柴兆祥, 王蒂. 甘肃省干旱灌区连作马铃薯根际土壤中镰刀菌的变化. 草业学报, 2011, 20: 236–243



Niu X C, Li J H, Zhang J L, Shen B Y, Chai Z X, Wang D. Changes of Fusarium in rhizosphere soil under potato continuous cropping systems in arid-irrigated area of Gansu province. Acta Pratac Sin, 2011, 20: 236–243 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[6]凌宁, 王秋君, 杨兴明, 徐阳春, 黄启为, 沈其荣. 根际施用微生物有机肥防止连作西瓜枯萎病研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15: 1136–1141



Ling N, Wang Q J, Yang X M, Xu Y C, Huang Q W, Shen Q R. Control of Fusarium wilt of watermelon by nursery application of bio-organic fertilizer. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2009, 15: 1136–1141 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[7]卢建武, 邱慧珍, 张文明, 王蒂, 张俊莲, 张春红, 侯叔音. 半干旱雨氧农业区马铃薯干物质和钾素积累与分配特性. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24: 423–430



Lu J W, Qiu H Z, Zhang W M, Wang D, Zhang J L, Zhang C H, Hou S Y. Characteristics of dry matter and potassium accumulation and distribution in potato plant in semi-arid rainfed areas. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2013, 24: 423–430 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[8]王爱华, 张文芳, 黄冲平. 马铃薯干物质分配与器官建成的动态模拟研究. 生物数学学报, 2005, 20: 356–362



Wang A H, Zhang W F, Huang C P. Study on the simulation of potato dry-matter distribution and its apparatuses formation. J Biomathematics, 2005, 20: 356–362 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[9]叶义, 张吉立, 王宁, 刘振平, 王鹏. 常规施肥条件下重茬烤烟干物质积累及其产值分析. 山东农业科学, 2011, (12): 77–79



Ye Y, Zhang J L, Wang N, Liu Z P, Wang P. Analysis of dry matter accumulation and production value of flue-cured tobacco by continuous cropping under conventional fertilization. Shandong Agric Sci, 2011, (3): 77–79 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[10]顾怀胜, 郭亮, 曾中林, 王邦, 邱萍, 曹廷茂, 陈朝应. 烤烟连作障碍的形成机制及调控技术研究进展. 湖南农业科学, 2013, (1): 25–28



Gu H S, Guo L, Zeng Z L, Wang B, Qiu P, Cao T M, Chen Y C. Advances in formation mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles for tobacco planting and its regulation technology. Hunan Agric Sci, 2013, (1): 25–28 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[11]王晶英, 郑桂萍, 张红燕, 李国兰. 连作大豆根冠比增大原因的研究. 大豆科学, 1997, 16: 136–142



Wang J Y, Zheng G P, Zhang H Y, Li G L. Study on the reason of root-shoot ratio increasing of soybean on continuous cropping. Soybean Sci, 1997, 16: 136–142 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[12]许艳丽, 刘晓冰, 韩晓增, 李兆林, 王守宇, 何喜云, 于莉. 大豆连作对生长发育动态及产量的影响. 中国农业科学, 1999, 32(suppl): 64–68



Xu Y L, Liu X B, Han X Z, Li Z L, Wang S Y, Yu L. Effect of continuous-cropping on yield and growth development of soybean. Sci Agric Sin, 1999, 32(suppl): 64–68 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[13]吴正锋, 成波, 王才斌, 郑亚萍, 刘俊华, 陈殿绪, 高新华. 连作对花生幼苗生理特性及荚果产量的影响. 花生学报, 2006, 35(1): 29–33



Wu Z F, Cheng B, Wang C B, Zheng Y P, Liu J H, Chen D X, Gao X H. Effect of continuous cropping on peanut seedling physiological characteristics and pod yield. J Peanut Sci, 2006, 35(1): 29–33 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[14]万书波, 王才斌, 卢俊玲, 李光敏, 伦伟志, 吴正峰, 成波. 连作花生的生育特性研究. 山东农业科学, 2007, (2): 32–36



Wan S B, Wang C B, Lu J L, Li G M, Lun W Z, Wu Z F, Cheng B. Study on the growth and development characters of continuous-cropping peanut. Shandong Agric Sci, 2007, (2): 32–36 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[15]樊堂群, 王树兵, 姜淑庆, 成波, 李晔, 初长江, 王才斌. 连作对花生光合作用和干物质积累的影响. 花生学报, 2007, 36(2): 35–37



Fan S T, Wang S B, Jiang S Q, Cheng B, Li Y, Chu C J, Wang C B. Effect of continuous cropping on photosynthesis and accumulation of dry matter in peanut. J Peanut Sci, 2007, 36(2): 35–37 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[16]王小兵, 骆永明, 李振高, 刘五星, 何园球. 长期定位施肥对红壤地区连作花生生物学性状和土传病害发生率的影响. 土壤学报, 2011, 48: 725–730



Wang X B, Luo Y M, Li Z G, Liu W X, He Y Q. Effects of long-term stationary fertilization experiment on incidence of soil-borne diseases and biological characteristics of peanut in continuous monocropping system in red soil area. Acta Pedol Sin, 2011, 48: 725–730 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[17]黄玉茜, 韩立思, 韩晓日, 战秀梅, 杨劲峰, 蒋增. 辽宁风沙土区连作年限对花生光合特性和产量的影响. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2011, 42: 438–442



Huang Y Q, Han L S, Han X R, Zhan X M, Yang J F, Jiang Z. Effects of continuous cropping on yields and photosynthetic characteristics of peanuts in sandy soil region of Liaoning. J Shenyang Agric Uni, 2011, 42: 438–442 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[18]Soltanpour P N. Accumulation of dry matter and N, P, K, by Russet Burbank, Oromonte and Red McClure potatoes. Am Potato J, 1969, 46: 111–119



[19]Kleinkkopf G E, Westermann D T, Dweller R B. Dry matter production and nitrogen utilization by six potato cultivars. Agron J, 1981, 73: 799–802



[20]Van Heemst H D J. The distribution of dry matter during growth of a potato crop. Potato Res, 1986, 29: 55–66



[21]Alva A K, Hodges T, Boydston R A, Collins H P. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulations and partitioning in two potato cultivars. J Plant Nutr, 2002, 25: 1621–1630



[22]Sharifi M, Zebarth B J, Hajabbasi M A, Kalbasi M. Dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and root morphological characteristics of two clonal selections of Russet Norkotah potato as affected by nitrogen fertilization. J Plant Nutr, 2005, 28: 2243–2253



[23]Sun L, Gu L L, Peng X L, Liu Y Y, Li X Z, Yan X F, Yang X M. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application time on dry matter accumulation and yield of Chinese potato variety KX13. Potato Res, 2012, 55: 303–313



[24]Vos J. Split nitrogen application in potato: effects on accumulation of nitrogen and dry matter in the crop and on the soil nitrogen budget. J Agric Sci (Cammbridge), 1999, 133: 263–274



[25]Malik N J, Dweller R B, Thornton M K, Pavek J J. Dry matter accumulation in potato clones under seasonal high temperature conditions in Pakistan. Am Potato J, 1992, 69: 667–676



[26]Levy D. Varietal differences in the response of potatoes to repeated short periods of water stress in hot climates. 2. tuber yield and dry matter accumulation and other tuber properties. Potato Res, 1983, 26: 315–321



[27]Ifenkwe O P, Allen E J. Effect of row width and planting density on growth and yield of two maincrop potato varieties 1.plant morphology and dry-matter accumulation. J Agric Sci, Cammbridge, 1978, 91: 265–278



[28]Gray D. Some effects of variety, harvest date and plant spacing on tuber breakdown on canning, tuber dry matter content and cell surface area in the potato. Potato Res, 1972, 15: 317–334



[29]屈会娟, 李金才, 沈学善, 魏凤珍, 王成雨, 郅胜军. 种植密度和播期对冬小麦品种兰考矮早八干物质和氮素积累与转运的影响. 作物学报, 2009, 35: 124–131



Qu H J, Li J C, Shen X S, Wei F Z, Wang C Y, Zhi S J. Effects of plant density and seeding date on accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen in winter cultivar Lankao Aizao 8. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35: 124–131 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[30]马迎辉, 王玲敏, 叶优良, 朱云集. 栽培管理模式对冬小麦干物质积累、氮素吸收及产量的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2012, 20: 1282–1288



Ma Y H, Wang L M, Ye Y L, Zhu Y J. Effects of different cultivation management modes on dry matter accumulation, nitrogen uptake and yield of winter wheat. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2012, 20: 1282–1288 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[31]高小丽, 孙健敏, 高金锋, 冯佰利, 王鹏科, 柴岩. 不同绿豆品种花后干物质积累与转运特性. 作物学报, 2009, 35; 1715–1721



Gao X L, Sun J M, Gao J F, Feng B L, Wang P K, Cai Y. Accumulation and transportation characteristics of dry matter after anthesis in different mung bean cultivars. Acta Agron Sin, 2009, 35: 1715–1721 (in Chinese with English abstract) 



[32]杨恒山, 张玉芹, 徐寿军, 李国红, 高聚林, 王志刚. 超高产春玉米干物质及养分积累与转运特征. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18: 315–323



Yang H S, Zhang Y Q, Xu S J, Li G H, Gao J L, Wang Z G. Characteristics of dry matter and nutrient accumulation and translocation of super-high-yield spring maize. Plant Nutr Fert Sci, 2012, 18; 315–323 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[33]王艳哲, 刘秀位, 孙宏勇, 张喜英, 张连蕊. 水氮调控对冬小麦根冠比和水分利用效率的影响研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2013, 21: 282–289



Wang Y Z, Liu X W, Sun H Y, Zhang X Y, Zhang L R. Effects of water and nitrogen on root/shoot ratio and water use efficiency of winter wheat. Chinese J Eco-Agric, 2013, 21: 282–289 (in Chinese with English abstract) 



[34]Passioura J B. Roots and drought resistance. Agric Water Manage, 1983, 7: 265–280



[35]门福义, 刘梦芸, 张志林. 马铃薯的产量形成与生育阶段. 内蒙古农牧学院学报, 1980, (1): 72–81



Men F Y, Liu M Y, Zhang Z L. Potato yield formation and its growing stages. J Inner Mongolia Institute Agric Ani Hus, 1980, (1): 72–81 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[36]Mackown C T, Van Sanford D A, Zhang N. Wheat vegetative nitrogen compositional changes in response to reduced reproductive sink strength. Plant Physiol, 1992, 99: 1469–1474



[37]黄智鸿, 王思远, 包岩, 梁煊赫, 孙刚, 申林, 曹洋, 吴春胜. 超高产玉米品种干物质积累与分配特点的研究. 玉米科学, 2007, 15(3): 95–98



Huang Z H, Wang S Y, Bao Y, Liang H X, Sun G, Sheng L, Cao Y, Wu C S. Sutdies on dry matter accumulation and distribution characteristic in super high-yield maize. J Maize Sci, 2007, 15(3): 95–98 (in Chinese with English abstract)



[38]Cassman K G. Ecologiacal intensification of cereal production system: yield potential, soil quality, and precision agriculture. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1999, 96: 5952–5959



[39]Ye Y L, Wang G L, Huang Y F, Zhu Y J, Meng Q F, Chen X P, Zhang F S, Cui Z L. Understanding of physiological processes associated with yield-trait relationships in modern wheat varieties. Field Crops Res, 2011, 124: 316–322



[40]杨建昌, 杜 永, 吴长付, 刘立军, 王志琴, 朱庆森. 超高产粳型水稻生长发育特性的研究. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39: 1336–1345



Yang J C, Du Y, Wu C F, Lu L J, Wang Z Q, Zhu Q S. Growth and development characteristics of super-high-yielding mid-season Japonica rice. Sci Agric Sin, 2006, 39: 1336–1345 (in Chinese with English abstract)
[1] 王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450.
[2] 王海波, 应静文, 何礼, 叶文宣, 涂卫, 蔡兴奎, 宋波涛, 柳俊. rDNA和端粒重复序列鉴定马铃薯和茄子体细胞杂种染色体丢失和融合[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1273-1278.
[3] 石艳艳, 马志花, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 李荣. 垄作沟覆地膜对旱地马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297.
[4] 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[5] 冯亚, 朱熙, 罗红玉, 李世贵, 张宁, 司怀军. 马铃薯StMAPK4响应低温胁迫的功能解析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 896-907.
[6] 张霞, 于卓, 金兴红, 于肖夏, 李景伟, 李佳奇. 马铃薯SSR引物的开发、特征分析及在彩色马铃薯材料中的扩增研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 920-929.
[7] 李瑞东, 尹阳阳, 宋雯雯, 武婷婷, 孙石, 韩天富, 徐彩龙, 吴存祥, 胡水秀. 增密对不同分枝类型大豆品种同化物积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 942-951.
[8] 闫宇婷, 宋秋来, 闫超, 刘爽, 张宇辉, 田静芬, 邓钰璇, 马春梅. 连作秸秆还田下玉米氮素积累与氮肥替代效应研究[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 962-974.
[9] 谭雪莲, 郭天文, 胡新元, 张平良, 曾骏, 刘晓伟. 黄土高原旱作区马铃薯连作根际土壤微生物群落变化特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 682-694.
[10] 张特, 王蜜蜂, 赵强. 滴施缩节胺与氮肥对棉花生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(2): 396-409.
[11] 余慧芳, 张卫娜, 康益晨, 范艳玲, 杨昕宇, 石铭福, 张茹艳, 张俊莲, 秦舒浩. 马铃薯CrRLK1Ls基因家族的鉴定及响应晚疫病菌信号的表达分析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 249-258.
[12] 王亚梁, 朱德峰, 张玉屏, 陈若霞, 向镜, 陈惠哲, 谌江华, 汪峰. 连作杂交晚稻精准条播长秧龄机插的生长及产量特性分析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 215-225.
[13] 荐红举, 尚丽娜, 金中辉, 丁艺, 李燕, 王季春, 胡柏耿, Vadim Khassanov, 吕典秋. 马铃薯PIF家族成员鉴定及其对高温胁迫的响应分析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 86-98.
[14] 许德蓉, 孙超, 毕真真, 秦天元, 王一好, 李成举, 范又方, 刘寅笃, 张俊莲, 白江平. 马铃薯StDRO1基因的多态性鉴定及其与根系性状的关联分析[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(1): 76-85.
[15] 王建国, 张佳蕾, 郭峰, 唐朝辉, 杨莎, 彭振英, 孟静静, 崔利, 李新国, 万书波. 钙与氮肥互作对花生干物质和氮素积累分配及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2021, 47(9): 1666-1679.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2