作物学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 860-872.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.00860
张伟杨,徐云姬,钱希旸,李银银,王志琴,杨建昌*
ZHANG Wei-Yang,XU Yun-Ji,QIAN Xi-Yang,LI Yin-Yin,WANG Zhi-Qin,YANG Jian-Chang*
摘要:
为探明干旱胁迫下小麦内源游离多胺在籽粒灌浆过程中的作用,2013—2014和2014—2015年度选用高产品种扬麦16和宁麦13进行不同水分条件的盆栽试验。自分蘖末期至成熟期设置正常供水(WW)、土壤轻度干旱(MD)和土壤重度干旱(SD) 3种处理,观察不同土壤水分对籽粒中游离多胺和籽粒灌浆的影响。两个品种的结果一致表明,与WW相比,MD处理对叶片水势及光合作用没有显著影响,显著增加弱势粒灌浆速率(12.5%)和粒重(11.8%),对强势粒灌浆无显著影响;SD处理则严重抑制叶片光合作用,显著降低叶片水势,强势粒的灌浆速率和粒重分别下降10.1%和9.5%,弱势粒的灌浆速率和粒重分别下降14.5%和11.7%。MD处理显著提高了灌浆期弱势粒中游离亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)含量及其与腐胺(Put)的比值,而SD处理的结果则相反。籽粒灌浆速率、粒重与籽粒中Spd和Spm含量及Spd/Put和Spm/Put值呈极显著正相关,与Put含量呈极显著负相关。喷施Spd和Spm,显著增加3个处理弱势粒及SD处理强势粒的灌浆速率(11.2%~25.9%)和粒重(9.9%~17.7%),但对WW和MD处理的强势粒无显著影响;喷施Spd和Spm合成抑制剂[甲基乙二醛-双脒基腙(MGBG)]后,3个处理强、弱势粒的灌浆速率和粒重均显著降低,分别下降20.5%~28.8%和16.9%~28.5%。表明小麦籽粒中多胺对土壤水分的响应因土壤干旱程度而异,通过轻度土壤干旱处理增加籽粒中Spd和Spm含量以及Spd/Put和Spm/Put值,可以促进籽粒灌浆,增加粒重。
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