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作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 26-36.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84060

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于形态学性状和SSR标记的花生品种遗传多样性分析和特异性鉴定

刘洪1(),徐振江1(),饶得花1,鲁清2,3,李少雄2,3,刘海燕2,3,陈小平2,3,梁炫强2,3,洪彦彬2,3,*()   

  1. 1 华南农业大学农学院, 广东广州 510642
    广东省农业科学院作物研究所, 广东广州 510640
    广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室, 广东广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-27 接受日期:2018-08-20 出版日期:2018-09-19 网络出版日期:2018-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 洪彦彬
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31771841);2015年品种资源保护项目(2015-18);广东省科技计划项目(2013B020301014);广东省科技计划项目(2013B050800021);广东省科技计划项目(2017A030311007);广东省科技计划项目(2016B020201003);广东省科技计划项目(2015A030313565);广东省现代农业创新联盟建设项目资助(2016LM3161)

Genetic diversity analysis and distinctness identification of peanut cultivars based on morphological traits and SSR markers

Hong LIU1(),Zhen-Jiang XU1(),De-Hua RAO1,Qing LU2,3,Shao-Xiong LI2,3,Hai-Yan LIU2,3, 2,3,Xuan-Qiang LIANG2,3,Yan-Bin HONG2,3,*()   

  1. 1 College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
    2 Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
    3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2018-04-27 Accepted:2018-08-20 Published:2018-09-19 Published online:2018-09-19
  • Contact: Yan-Bin HONG
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771841);2015 Variety Resource Protection Project(2015-18);Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province(2013B020301014);Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province(2013B050800021);Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province(2017A030311007);Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province(2016B020201003);Science and Technology Plan Project of Guangdong Province(2015A030313565);Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Alliance Construction Project of Guangdong Province.(2016LM3161)

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摘要：

以101份南方花生区试品种为材料, 利用形态学性状和SSR标记进行品种遗传多样性分析和特异性鉴定。结果表明, 29个形态学性状中有7个无多样性, 其余22个的多样性指数为0.23~0.77, 平均为0.43。在相似系数为0.76处, 将供试品种划分为七大类群, 同一育种单位的品种倾向于聚在一起。用40个SSR标记共检测出167个等位基因, 单个标记检测的等位基因数2~6个, 平均为4.18个。标记的多态性信息量(PIC)差异较大, 最大为0.79, 最小为0.26, 平均为0.55。在相似系数为0.70处, 供试品种可被划分为六大类群, 同一省份育成的品种多聚为一类。Mantel检验发现品种间的形态学性状和SSR标记的相似系数矩阵相关性弱(r = 0.36), SSR标记无法取代形态学性状单独用于花生品种特异性鉴定, 但两者相结合能有效提高花生品种特异性鉴定的准确性。

关键词: 花生, 形态学, SSR, 遗传多样性, DUS

Abstract:

The genetic diversity and distinctness of 101 peanut varieties participated in the South China peanut field trial were analyzed based on their morphological traits and SSR markers. Among 29 morphological traits seven were no difference while 22 demonstrated diversity indexes ranging from 0.23 to 0.77, with an average of 0.43. The varieties were divided into seven groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76, and those released by the same breeding institution tended to converge into one cluster. Molecular characterization with 40 highly informative SSRs generated a total of 167 alleles ranging from 2 to 6 (averaged 4.18) alleles per marker. The polymorphism information content (PIC) of these markers varied from 0.79 to 0.26 with an average of 0.55/marker. The varieties were divided into six groups based on the similarity coefficient of 0.70, and those released by the same province tended to converge into one cluster. Mantel testing revealed that the correlations of the similarity coefficient matrixes between the morphological traits and SSR markers were weak (r = 0.36), implying that SSR markers are unable to replace morphological traits to be solely adopted to identify the distinctness of peanut varieties, but the combination of morphological traits and SSR markers will effectively increase the accuracy of distinctiveness identification.

Key words: peanut, morphology, SSR, genetic diversity, DUS

表1

供试品种数量及来源"

品种
Variety		 数量
Number		 育种单位
Breeding unit		 省份
Province
粤油系列
YY series		 16 广东省农业科学院作物研究所
Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 广东
Guangdong
航花系列
HH series		 2 广东省农业科学院作物研究所
Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 广东
Guangdong
汕油系列
SY series		 10 汕头市农业科学研究所
Shantou Agricultural Science Research Institute		 广东
Guangdong
仲恺花系列
ZKH series		 8 仲恺农业工程学院
Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering		 广东
Guangdong
湛油系列
ZY series		 9 湛江市农业科学研究院
Zhanjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 广东
Guangdong
泉花系列
QH series		 8 泉州市农业科学研究所
Quanzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute		 福建
Fujian
闽花系列
MH series		 8 福建农林大学
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University		 福建
Fujian
金花系列
JH series		 2 福建农林大学
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University		 福建
Fujian
龙花系列
LH series		 7 龙岩市农业科学研究所
Longyan Agricultural Science Research Institute		 福建
Fujian
莆花系列
PH series		 5 莆田市农业科学研究所
Putian Agricultural Science Research Institute		 福建
Fujian
福花系列
FH series		 3 福建省农业科学院作物研究所
Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 福建
Fujian
桂花系列
GH series		 11 广西农业科学院经济作物研究所
Cash Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 广西
Guangxi
贺油系列
HY series		 8 贺州市农业科学研究所
Hezhou Agricultural Science Research Institute		 广西
Guangxi
湘花系列
XH series		 2 湖南农业大学
Hunan Agricultural University		 湖南
Hunan
云花系列
YH series		 2 云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所
Cash Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences		 云南
Yunnan

表2

供试品种的形态学性状特征"

序号
No.		 形态学性状
Morphological trait		 性状代码
Code of traits		 Simpson指数
Simpson’s index
1 开花期 Flowering stage 3/4/5 0.31
2 植株: 开花习性 Plant: flowering general pattern 2 0
3 主茎: 开花习性 Main stem: flowering general pattern 3 0
4 叶: 小叶形状 Leaflet :shape 2 0
5 叶: 绿色程度 Leaflet: green degree 5/6/7 0.29
6 花: 花冠颜色 Flower: corolla color 2 0
7 植株: 生长习性 Plant: growth habit 1 0
8 叶: 小叶大小 Leaflet: size 5/6/7 0.36
9 主茎: 花青甙显色 Main stem: anthocyanin coloration 1/9 0.32
10 主茎: 茸毛密度 Main stem: pubescence density 1/2/3/5/6 0.37
11 植株: 主茎高度 Plant: main stem height 4/5/6 0.44
12 植株: 分枝数量 Plant: branching 3/4 0.38
13 植株: 侧枝长度 Plant: side branch length 4/5/6/7 0.43
14 成熟期 Mature period 4/5/6 0.31
15 荚果: 籽仁率Pod: rate of seed produced 2 0
16 植株: 荚果数 Plant: pods number 3/4/5 0.61
17 籽仁: 休眠期 Kernel: dormancy period 2/3/4/5 0.41
18 荚果: 长度 Pod: length 4/5/6 0.59
19 荚果: 缢缩程度 Pod: constrictions degree 3/4/5/6 0.48
20 荚果: 果嘴明显程度 Pod: prominence of beak 1/2/3/4/5/6 0.73
21 荚果: 果嘴形状 Pod: beak shape 1/2 0.24
22 荚果: 表面质地 Pod: surface texture 2/3/4/5 0.46
23 荚果: 出仁率 Pod: kernel percentage 3/4/5/6 0.67
24 籽仁: 百仁重 Kernel: weight per 100 kernels 1/2/3/4/5/6/7 0.77
25 籽仁: 形状 Kernel: shape 1/2 0.23
26 籽仁: 种皮颜色数量 Kernel: testa color number 1 0
27 籽仁: 种皮颜色 Kernel: testa color 2/4 0.38
28 籽仁: 种皮裂纹 Kernel: testa crack 1/2/3/4/5 0.52
29 籽仁: 种皮内表面颜色 Kernel: endortesta color 1/2 0.23

图1

形态学性状聚类分析图"

"

图3

形态学性状和SSR标记遗传相似性系数矩阵比较"

图2

SSR标记聚类分析图"

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