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作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 621-627.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.81064

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

茎秆特性和木质素合成与青稞抗倒伏关系

王凯,赵小红,姚晓华,姚有华,白羿雄(),吴昆仑()   

  1. 青海大学农林科学院 / 青海省农林科学院 / 青海省青稞遗传育种重点实验室 / 国家麦类改良中心青海青稞分中心, 青海西宁810016
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-11 接受日期:2018-12-24 出版日期:2019-04-12 网络出版日期:2019-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 白羿雄,吴昆仑
  • 作者简介:799733198@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由青海省科技支撑项目(2015-NK-114);青海省农林科学院创新基金重大专项(2017-NKY-01);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CAS-05);西藏自治区重大科技专项(XZ201801NA01-014);青海大学中青年科研基金项目(2017-QNY-2)

Relationship of stem characteristics and lignin synthesis with lodging resistance of hulless barley

WANG Kai,ZHAO Xiao-Hong,YAO Xiao-Hua,YAO You-Hua,BAI Yi-Xiong(),WU Kun-Lun()   

  1. Agriculture and Forestry Academy, Qinghai University / Qinghai Agriculture and Forestry Academy / Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding / Hulless Barley Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Xining 810016, Qinghai, China
  • Received:2018-09-11 Accepted:2018-12-24 Published:2019-04-12 Published online:2019-01-17
  • Contact: Yi-Xiong BAI,Kun-Lun WU
  • Supported by:
    The study was supported by the Qinghai Science and Technology Support Project(2015-NK-114);Qinghai Provincial Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Innovation Fund Major Project(2017-NKY-01);Agriculture Research System(CAS-05);Major Scientific and Technological Projects in the Tibet Autonomous Region(XZ201801NA01-014);Qinghai University Young and Middle-aged Research Fund Project(2017-QNY-2)

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摘要：

倒伏是影响青稞品质和产量的主要因子之一, 开展抗倒伏机制研究对抗倒伏品种选育意义重大。以青稞品种昆仑14号、昆仑16号和藏2972为抗倒伏材料, 门源亮蓝、北青6号和化隆红青稞为倒伏材料, 通过茎秆特性、茎秆中纤维素和木质素含量及其合成相关酶活性的研究, 探讨茎秆特性与木质素合成同青稞抗倒性之间的关系。结果表明, 相比于倒伏品种, 抗倒伏品种的茎较短, 茎秆中酪氨酸解氨酶(TAL)、苯丙氨酸转氨酶(PAL)、肉桂醇脱氢酶(CAD)和4-香豆酸: CoA连接酶(4CL)活性升高, 使茎秆内积累较多的木质素, 增大了茎秆抗折力, 进而增强青稞抗倒伏能力。

关键词: 青稞, 抗倒伏, 木质素, 酶活性, 茎秆强度

Abstract:

Lodging is one of the main limiting factors affecting the quality and yield of hulless barley. It is of great significance to carry out the research on the lodging resistance mechanism and breeding lodging resistant varieties. The hulless barley varieties Kunlun 14, Kunlun 16, Zang 2972 were used as lodging resistant materials, and Menyuanlianglan, Beiqing 6, Hualonghongqingke as lodging materials, to measure the characteristics of stems, contents of cellulose and lignin in stems and activities of their related enzymes. Compared with the lodging varieties, the lodging resistant varieties had shorter stem, and stronger stem breaking-resistant strength. Four enzyme activities related to lignin synthesis were higher and more lignin was accumulated in the stems of lodging resistant varieties. The activities of tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL) in the stems increased, which caused more lignin to accumulate in stems, increasing stem breaking-resistant strength and enhancing lodging resistance of hulless barley.

Key words: barley, lodging resistance, lignin, enzyme activity, stem strength

表1

青稞茎秆指标与抗折力和倒伏率"

品种
Variety		 茎长
Stem length (cm)		 壁厚
Wall thickness (mm)		 茎粗
Stem diameter (mm)		 茎重
Stem weight (g)		 抗折力
Stem resistance (N)		 倒伏率
Lodging rate (%)		 倒伏级别
Lodging grade
昆仑14号
Kunlun 14		 13.938±0.085 c 0.785±0.022 b 5.643±0.211 b 0.337±0.012 b 11.447±0.192 a 0 1
昆仑16号
Kunlun 16		 12.341±0.230 d 0.543±0.012 d 4.657±0.168 c 0.248±0.007 c 10.419±0.185 c 0 1
藏2972
Zang 2972		 14.534±0.130 b 0.926±0.012 a 4.334±0.098 d 0.364±0.007 a 10.912±0.060 b 0 1
门源亮蓝
Menyuanlianglan		 18.503±0.230 a 0.461±0.024 e 3.633±0.055 e 0.139±0.011 d 4.433±0.064 e 92 5
北青6号
Beiqing 6		 18.525±0.170 a 0.712±0.024 c 5.935±0.166 a 0.328±0.019 b 7.735±0.214 d 81 5
化隆红青稞
Hualonghongqingke		 18.821±0.350 a 0.324±0.009 f 3.712±0.124 e 0.236±0.021 c 3.182±0.089 f 85 5

图1

参试青稞品种茎秆中的木质素含量 柱顶端不同字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。 KD-1: 昆仑14号; KD-2: 昆仑16号; KD-3: 藏2972; DF-1: 门源亮蓝; DF-2: 北青6号; DF-3: 化隆红青稞。"

图2

青稞茎秆中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量 柱顶端不同字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。KD-1: 昆仑14号; KD-2: 昆仑16号; KD-3: 藏2972; DF-1: 门源亮蓝; DF-2: 北青6号; DF-3: 化隆红青稞。NDF: 中性洗涤纤维; ADF: 酸性洗涤纤维。"

图3

TAL、PAL、CAD、和4CL活性 TAL: 酪氨酸解氨酶; PAL: 苯丙氨酸转氨酶; CAD: 肉桂醇脱氢酶; 4CL: 4-香豆酸: CoA连接酶。KD-1: 昆仑14号; KD-2: 昆仑16号; KD-3:藏2972; DF-1: 门源亮蓝; DF-2: 北青6号; DF-3: 化隆红青稞。柱顶端不同字母表示差异达0.05显著水平。"

表2

木质素含量及相关酶活性与抗倒伏能力的相关系数"

指标
index		 木质素含量
Lignin content		 倒伏率
Lodging rate		 茎长
Stem length		 TAL活性
TAL
activity		 PAL活性
PAL
activity		 CAD活性
CAD
activity		 4CL活性
4CL
activity
木质素含量Lignin content 1 -0.872* -0.945 0.967** 0.814* 0.981** 0.856*
抗折力Snapping resistance 0.878* -0.918** -0.845 0.817* 0.827* 0.803 0.985**
倒伏率Lodging rate -0.872* 1 0.964** -0.901* -0.975** -0.870* -0.844*
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