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作物学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 1090-1098.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2019.84134

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

晾制密度对雪茄烟叶膜脂过氧化作用及品质的影响

赵松超,李一凡,刘博远,赵铭钦()   

  1. 河南农业大学烟草学院, 河南郑州 450000
  • 收稿日期:2018-10-26 接受日期:2019-01-12 出版日期:2019-07-12 网络出版日期:2019-02-21
  • 通讯作者: 赵铭钦
  • 作者简介:E-mail: zhaosongchao1314@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由中国烟草总公司海南省公司科技重点项目“优质雪茄烟叶晾房研制及晾制技术研究”(201746000024054)

Effects of air drying density on membranous lipid peroxidation and quality of cigar tobacco leaf

ZHAO Song-Chao,LI Yi-Fan,LIU Bo-Yuan,ZHAO Ming-Qin()   

  1. College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
  • Received:2018-10-26 Accepted:2019-01-12 Published:2019-07-12 Published online:2019-02-21
  • Contact: Ming-Qin ZHAO
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Hainan Province, China Tobacco Corporation: “Research of Quality Cigar Tobacco Leaf Drying Room and Research of Drying Technology”(201746000024054)

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摘要：

为了解不同晾制密度条件下膜脂过氧化水平对雪茄烟叶品质的影响, 本文设计了杆距10 cm、杆距20 cm、杆距30 cm 3种晾制密度, 研究其对雪茄烟叶所在晾房的温湿度、烟叶含水率、丙二醛含量、抗氧化酶活性、多酚和化学成分的影响。结果表明, 杆距20 cm的晾制密度过氧化水平最低, 且与晾房内温湿度相关性不显著, 只与含水率相关, 说明该晾制密度较其他晾制密度有利于避免膜脂过氧化水平的升高; 烟叶中过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚含量均在杆距20 cm晾制密度下最高, 有利于增强烟叶的抗氧化能力; 多酚氧化酶活性在杆距10 cm晾制密度下最高; 化学成分以杆距20 cm处理较为协调。因此杆距为20 cm的晾制密度有利于提高抗氧化类物质, 减轻膜脂过氧化水平的伤害, 提升烟叶品质。

关键词: 晾制密度, 膜脂过氧化水平, 温湿度, 含水率, 酶活性, 多酚, 化学成分

Abstract:

In order to understand the influence of different drying density on membranous lipid peroxidation level and cigar tobacco leaf quality, an experiment was conducted with three treatments (stem distance of 10 cm, stem distance of 20 cm, stem distance of 30 cm) of drying system to measure the temperature and humidity of drying room, tobacco leaf water content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, polyphenol and the chemical compositions. The level of peroxidation in the treatment of 20 cm was the lowest, and had no significant correlation with the temperature and humidity in the drying room, but correlated with the water content. The activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and polyphenol content in leaves were the highest under the drying density of 20 cm, indicating that the drying density of 20 cm was conducive to the improvement of antioxidant enzyme activity, polyphenol content, and antioxidant capacity of tobacco leaves. The activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was highest at the drying density of 10 cm and the chemical components were coordinates in the treatment of 20 cm. Therefore, the air-curing density with a length of 20 cm is conducive to increasing antioxidants, reducing the damage caused by membranous lipid peroxidation and improving the quality of tobacco leaves.

Key words: air drying density, lipid peroxidation level, temperature and humidity, moisture content, enzyme activity, polyphenols, chemical composition

表1

晾制密度对晾房内温湿度和烟叶含水率的影响"

测定指标
Index		 处理
Treatment		 处理后天数 Days after treatment
0 d 5 d 10 d 15 d 20 d 25 d
温度
Air temperature
(℃)		 杆距为10 cm的高晾制密度 T1 26.64 a 33.46 a 34.22 a 38.86 a 39.77 a 38.18 a
杆距为20 cm的中晾制密度 T2 25.08 a 32.24 b 33.16 b 37.36 b 38.98 ab 38.43 a
杆距为30 cm的低晾制密度 T3 24.18 a 31.8 b 31.72 c 36.34 c 38.42 b 36.81 a
相对湿度
Relative humidity (%)		 杆距为10 cm的高晾制密度 T1 69.86 a 87.66 a 89.12 a 74.23 a 68.39 a 61.87 a
杆距为20 cm的中晾制密度 T2 70.14 a 82.18 b 84.05 b 66.35 b 56.34 b 56.46 a
杆距为30 cm的低晾制密度 T3 70.18 a 75.32 c 79.16 c 58.92 c 52.64 b 52.68 a
含水率
Moisture content (%)		 杆距为10 cm的高晾制密度 T1 89.4 a 83.1 a 74.2 a 36.8 a 24.9 a 16.4 a
杆距为20 cm的中晾制密度 T2 90.2 a 76.3 b 61.9 b 27.2 b 16.6 b 10.3 b
杆距为30 cm的低晾制密度 T3 90.5 a 69.2 c 48.3 c 17.3 c 11.9 c 9.1 b

图1

晾制密度对MDA含量的影响 处理同表1。"

表2

温湿度和烟叶水分与膜脂过氧化水平的相关系数"

处理
Treatment		 温度
Air temperature		 相对湿度
Relative humidity		 含水率
Moisture content
杆距为10 cm的高晾制密度T1 0.817* -0.659 -0.913*
杆距为20 cm的中晾制密度T2 0.771 -0.790 -0.893*
杆距为30 cm的低晾制密度T3 0.810 -0.827* -0.917**

图2

不同晾制密度的雪茄烟叶POD (A)、CAT (B)、SOD (C)活性 处理同表1。"

图3

不同晾制密度对烟叶多酚氧化酶活性的影响 处理同表1。"

图4

不同晾制密度对绿原酸(A)和芸香苷(B)含量的影响 处理同表1。"

表3

晾制密度对雪茄烟叶化学成分的影响"

处理
Treatment		 化学成分 Chemical composition
总糖
Total sugar
(%)		 烟碱
Nicotine
(%)		 淀粉
Starch
(%)		 钾
Potassium
(%)		 氯
Chlorin
(%)		 还原糖
Reducing sugar (%)		 两糖比
Two sugar ratio		 钾氯比
Potassium/
chloride ratio
T1 1.78 b 2.95 a 1.74 a 4.08 a 0.73 a 1.18 b 0.66 b 5.59 b
T2 1.95 a 2.81 a 1.04 b 4.23 a 0.68 a 1.41 a 0.72 a 6.22 a
T3 1.75 b 2.61 a 1.95 a 4.14 a 0.70 a 1.02 b 0.58 b 5.92 ab
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