欢迎访问作物学报，今天是
作物学报

作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1162-1174.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2021.02052

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻产量和品质的影响

赵杰(), 李绍平, 程爽, 田晋钰, 邢志鹏*(), 陶钰, 周磊, 刘秋员, 胡雅杰, 郭保卫, 高辉, 魏海燕, 张洪程*()   

  1. 扬州大学江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心/水稻产业工程技术研究院, 江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-29 接受日期:2020-12-01 出版日期:2021-06-12 网络出版日期:2021-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 邢志鹏,张洪程
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 704428205@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技创新与推广项目, 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-27);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JATS(2019)444);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(20)1012);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目资助

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration applied in the middle and late tillering stage on yield and quality of dry direct seeding rice under “solo-stalk” cultivation mode

ZHAO Jie(), LI Shao-Ping, CHENG Shuang, TIAN Jin-Yu, XING Zhi-Peng*(), TAO Yu, ZHOU Lei, LIU Qiu-Yuan, HU Ya-Jie, GUO Bao-Wei, GAO Hui, WEI Hai-Yan, ZHANG Hong-Cheng*()   

  1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Industrial Technology for Grain Crops/Rice Industry Engineering Technology Research Institute, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2020-07-29 Accepted:2020-12-01 Published:2021-06-12 Published online:2021-01-06
  • Contact: XING Zhi-Peng,ZHANG Hong-Cheng
  • Supported by:
    The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Extension Project of Jiangsu Province, the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-01-27);The earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(JATS(2019)444);The Agricultural Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province(CX(20)1012);The Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)

RichHTML

15

PDF

913

摘要：

稻麦两熟地区, 旱直播水稻生产受前茬小麦收获、全量麦秸秆还田及耕整地质量不高等因素的影响, 常采用迟播期、大播量、高基本苗和主茎成穗为主的“独秆”栽培模式, 而配套该模式直播稻优质丰产的氮肥管理技术尚缺乏系统的研究。以优质食味粳稻南粳9108为材料, 采用机械旱直播方式, 基本苗为380×104 hm-2, 设置不同叶龄期(六、七、八、九和十叶龄期)氮肥追施处理及氮肥追施用量(纯氮180 kg hm-2和225 kg hm-2)处理, 以基本苗380×104 hm-2和300×104 hm-2的旱直播精确定量氮肥管理(纯氮270 kg hm-2, 基肥︰分蘖肥︰穗肥=3.5︰3.5︰3.0)为对照, 系统比较研究“独秆”栽培模式下, 全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明, 随追施叶龄的延后, 水稻产量呈先增后降趋势, 八叶期追施氮肥水稻产量显著高于其他处理, 且追施量增加, 水稻产量进一步提高。与2组对照相比, 在纯氮180 kg hm-2, 氮肥减量33.3%情况下, 不施氮素基肥配合八叶期一次性追施氮肥, 可显著提高水稻产量5.10%和8.65%; 在纯氮225 kg hm-2, 氮肥减量16.7%情况下, 不施氮素基肥配合八叶期及7 d后二次追肥可显著提高水稻产量7.46%和11.09%。不施氮素基肥配合八叶期追施氮肥水稻产量提高的原因是, 保障较大穗型的基础上增加有效穗数, 显著提高群体颖花量, 同时保持较高水平的结实率和千粒重。随追肥叶龄延后, 水稻整精米率呈增加趋势, 垩白度呈增大趋势, 蛋白质含量增加, 直链淀粉含量下降, 食味值呈降低趋势。与2组对照相比, 不施氮素基肥配合八叶期追施氮肥的水稻, 加工品质提高, 整精米率提高0.67%~2.23%; 外观品质变好, 垩白度降低3.6%~14.5%; 营养品质提升, 蛋白质含量增加3.03%~14.08%; 蒸煮食味品质呈变优趋势, 直链淀粉含量下降4.23%~10.95%; 食味值无显著差异。综上所述, “独秆”栽培模式下基肥不施氮肥配合全程氮肥在分蘖中后期适宜叶龄施用可实现稻麦两熟地区旱直播稻迟播期、大播量和高基本苗生产方式的提质增产生产。

关键词: “独秆”栽培模式, 基肥不施氮肥, 分蘖中后期施氮肥, 氮肥管理模式, 直播稻, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In a rice-wheat cropping system, dry direct seeding rice growth was directly affected by harvest dates of the previous crop of wheat, the return of full wheat straw to the field, and the poor quality of tillage and land preparation. A “solo-stalk” cultivation mode with main stem panicles by late sowing dates, large sowing rates and high basic seedlings was commonly used in dry direct seeding. However, the nitrogen fertilizer management of high-quality and high-yield dry direct-seeding rice for the “solo-stalk” cultivation mode was still lacking in systematic research. With high-quality japonica rice Nanjing 9108, 380×104 hm-2 basic seedlings were realized by mechanical dry direct seeding method. The leaf age treatments of 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 leaf age and nitrogen application amount treatments of 180 and 225 kg hm-2 were designed with accurate quantitative nitrogen management (total nitrogen was 270 kg hm-2, base fertilizer:tiller fertilizer:spike fertilizer = 3.5:3.5:3.0) at basic seedlings of 380×104 and 300×104 hm-2 as the control. Then dry direct seeding rice yield and quality were systematically determined and compared with the control and “solo-stalk” cultural method with nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration applied in middle and late tillering stage. The results showed that rice yield showed a trend of first increased and then decreased with nitrogen application at bigger leaf age. Rice yield was significantly higher than other treatments when applying nitrogen fertilizer at the 8-leaf stage, and the yield was further improved with the increase of nitrogen application amount. Compare with the controls, nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration of 180 kg N hm-2 applied one time at 8-leaf stage could significantly increase rice yield by 5.10% and 8.65%, and reduced nitrogen fertilizer by 33.3%, whereas nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration of 225 kg N hm-2 applied two time at 8-leaf stage and 7 days later could significantly increase rice yield by 7.46% and 11.09%, and reduced the nitrogen by 16.7%. The reason was that, compared with the control, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight, effective panicle number was significantly increased resulting in the increasing total spikelet amount per hectare and yield on the basis of maintaining larger panicle type. With nitrogen applied at bigger leaf age, the head rice rate, chalkiness and protein content of rice revealed an increasing trend, but the amylose content and taste value of rice showed a decreasing trend. Compare to the two controls, the processing quality of rice with the head rice rate was increased by 0.67%-2.23% with nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration applied at 8-leaf age; the appearance quality was improved with the chalkiness decreased by 3.6%-14.5%; the nutrition quality was better with protein content increased by 3.03%-14.08%; the cooking and eating quality showed a tendency of getting better with amylose content decreased by 4.23%-10.95%; and there was no insignificant difference in taste value. In conclusion, nitrogen fertilizer in whole growth duration applied at suitable leaf age in the middle and late tillering stage could improve the quality and increase the yield of dry direct seeding rice under “solo-stalk” cultural method caused by late sowing dates, large sowing rate, and high basic seedlings in a rice-wheat cropping system.

Key words: “solo-stalk” cultivation mode, base fertilizer without nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer in middle and late tillering stage, nitrogen fertilizer management mode, direct seeding rice, yield, quality

图1

2018年和2019年水稻生长季节的日平均温度(A)和日照时数(B)"

表1

试验肥料用量和施用时期"

氮肥
水平
N level		 基肥
Base fertilizer		 分蘖肥
Tiller
fertilizer		 叶龄追肥
Fertilization at
leaf age		 促花肥
Flower-promoting fertilizer		 保花肥
Flower-preserving fertilizer		 合计
Total
N P2O5 K2O N N P2O5 K2O N K2O N N P2O5 K2O
N1 22.5 112.5 180 112.5 112.5 180 135 225
N2 22.5 112.5 225 112.5 112.5 225 135 225
CK1 94.5 135 112.5 94.5 40.5 112.5 40.5 270 135 225
CK2 94.5 135 112.5 94.5 40.5 112.5 40.5 270 135 225

图2

2018年和2019年“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻产量的影响 N1: 180 kg N hm-2; N2: 225 kg N hm-2; L6、L7、L8、L9、L10分别为六、七、八、九和十叶龄期5个追肥叶龄期。不同小写字母表示在0.05水平差异显著(LSD法)。"

表2

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻产量构成因素的影响"

处理Treatment 基本苗
Basic
seedlings
(×104 hm-2)		 有效穗数
Number of
panicle
(×104 hm-2)		 每穗粒数
Spikelets
per panicle		 群体颖花量
Total spikelet
number
(×108 hm-2)		 结实率
Seed setting
rate
(%)		 千粒重
1000-grain weight
(g)
氮肥水平
N level		 追肥叶龄
Leaf age
N1 L6 381.8 a 409.8 e 85.6 cd 3.51 cd 95.66 a 27.2 a
L7 381.9 a 428.6 d 88.4 bc 3.78 c 93.85 ab 27.4 a
L8 382.0 a 455.3 b 93.7 a 4.29 ab 92.85 bc 27.4 a
L9 382.4 a 436.5 cd 83.5 d 3.69 cd 91.66 c 27.2 a
L10 382.8 a 446.2 bc 75.3 e 3.45 d 92.72 bc 27.1 a
N2 L6 382.1 a 429.3 d 88.0 bc 3.69 cd 95.46 a 27.3 a
L7 381.5 a 450.2 b 90.4 ab 4.09 b 94.17 ab 27.1 a
L8 383.2 a 474.2 a 94.5 a 4.54 a 92.59 bc 27.3 a
L9 382.3 a 449.8 b 82.0 d 3.79 c 91.31 c 27.2 a
L10 382.4 a 454.2 b 75.0 e 3.55 cd 92.21 bc 27.2 a
F-value
N 0.23NS 147.00** 1.25NS 32.28* 0.22NS 0.05NS
L 0.70NS 28.14** 59.11** 32.17** 25.96** 0.15NS
N×L 0.48NS 0.79NS 0.76NS 0.55NS 0.26NS 0.13NS
CK1 382.1 419.2 91.6 3.85 90.73 27.2
CK2 303.5 372.7 104.7 3.92 91.52 27.2

表3

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻穗型结构的影响"

处理Treatment 整穗Panicle 一次枝梗Primary branches 二次枝梗Secondary branches
氮肥水平
N level		 追肥叶龄
Leaf age		 穗长
PL (cm)		 着粒密度
GD
(grain cm-1)		 单穗重
GWPP (g)		 一二次枝梗比
RN		 一二次枝梗总粒数比
RTG		 总粒数
TG		 枝梗数
NB		 单枝梗着粒数
GPB		 总粒数
TG		 结实率
SSR (%)		 枝梗数
NB		 单枝梗着粒数
GPB		 总粒数
TG		 结实率
SSR (%)
N1 L6 13.8 ab 6.21 de 2.17 c 0.75 a 1.53 a 85.6 c 9.0 a 5.72 a 51.7 a 97.7 b 12.1 de 2.81 b 33.9 d 88.0 b
L7 13.7 ab 6.44 bc 2.20 bc 0.64 cd 1.34 bc 88.4 b 8.5 b 5.94 a 50.5 a 97.4 b 13.3 bc 2.85 b 37.9 bc 87.0 c
L8 13.6 b 6.87 a 2.36 a 0.56 f 1.16 de 93.7 a 8.4 b 6.00 a 50.2 a 96.6 c 14.9 a 2.91 ab 43.5 a 85.9 d
L9 13.7 ab 6.09 e 2.11 d 0.61 e 1.28 cde 83.7 cd 7.8 c 5.99 a 46.9 b 96.6 c 13.0 c 2.84 b 36.8 bcd 87.7 b
L10 13.9 ab 5.39 g 1.91 e 0.74 ab 1.55 a 75.2 e 7.7 c 5.96 a 45.7 bc 97.0 c 10.4 g 2.84 b 29.5 e 88.2 b
N2 L6 14.0 a 6.29 cd 2.20 bc 0.73 ab 1.44 abc 88.1 b 9.1 a 5.74 a 52.0 a 98.3 a 12.4 d 2.92 ab 36.2 cd 88.2 b
L7 13.9 ab 6.49 b 2.24 b 0.63 de 1.28 cde 90.0 b 8.4 b 5.87 a 50.6 a 97.6 b 13.4 b 2.94 ab 39.5 b 86.4 cd
L8 13.9 ab 6.86 a 2.38 a 0.57 f 1.11 e 95.1 a 8.3 b 6.02 a 50.1 a 97.5 b 14.6 a 3.09 a 45.1 a 84.9 e
L9 13.9 ab 5.92 f 2.07 d 0.66 c 1.32 bcd 82.2 d 7.8 c 5.99 a 46.6 bc 97.6 b 11.8 e 3.01 ab 35.6 cd 84.6 e
L10 13.9 ab 5.40 g 1.93 e 0.71 b 1.45 ab 74.8 e 7.7 c 5.73 a 44.3 c 97.8 b 10.8 f 2.82 b 30.6 e 89.2 a
F-value
N 9.9NS 1.27NS 9.15NS 0.55NS 2.59NS 5.14NS 0.13NS 0.25NS 0.27NS 80.18* 4.07NS 8.07NS 3.14NS 171.26**
L 0.88NS 147.44** 183.93** 109.43** 29.80** 169.64** 57.35** 5.97** 28.35** 33.59** 339.47** 3.77* 105.76** 73.40**
N×L 0.96NS 1.2NS 1.41NS 4.99** 0.96NS 2.2NS 0.14NS 1.32NS 0.40NS 6.44** 14.76** 1.37NS 1.71NS 22.74**
CK1 13.9 6.60 2.22 0.67 1.42 91.7 9.0 5.99 53.8 94.05 13.4 2.83 37.9 85.04
CK2 14.2 7.37 2.48 0.63 1.31 104.7 9.9 6.00 59.3 95.28 15.7 2.90 45.4 86.51

表4

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻茎蘖动态的影响"

处理Treatment 六叶期
6-leaf stage		 十叶期
10-leaf stage		 拔节期
Jointing stage		 抽穗期
Heading stage		 成熟期
Maturity stage
氮肥水平
N level		 追肥叶龄
Leaf age
N1 L6 426.7 a 766.7 a 574.7 d 428.0 e 409.8 e
L7 423.4 a 566.0 b 689.4 ab 474.0 bc 428.6 d
L8 420.0 a 541.4 b 626.0 cd 489.4 b 455.3 b
L9 420.7 a 542.7 b 578.0 d 458.7 cd 436.5 cd
L10 421.4 a 542.0 b 575.4 d 449.4 cde 446.2 bc
N2 L6 425.4 a 801.4 a 601.4 cd 434.7 de 429.3 d
L7 423.4 a 568.0 b 724.0 a 490.7 b 450.2 b
L8 420.0 a 542.0 b 646.7 bc 514.7 a 474.2 a
L9 422.0 a 538.7 b 581.4 d 470.7 bc 449.8 b
L10 426.7 a 544.0 b 583.4 d 456.0 cd 454.2 b
F-value
N 0.84NS 1.28NS 25.69* 29.23* 147.00**
L 0.79NS 84.57** 61.33** 22.29** 28.14**
N×L 0.25NS 0.46NS 0.86NS 0.47NS 0.79NS
CK1 529.4 679.7 545.4 430.0 419.2
CK2 340.7 556.0 393.4 381.4 372.7

图3

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻茎蘖成穗率的影响 处理和缩写同图2。不同小写字母表示在0.05水平差异显著(LSD法)。"

表5

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻加工品质和外观品质的影响"

处理Treatment 加工品质Processing quality 外观品质Appearance quality
氮肥水平
N level		 追肥叶龄
Leaf age		 糙米率
BRR (%)		 精米率
MRR (%)		 整精米率
HMR (%)		 长宽比
LWR		 透明度
TD		 垩白大小
CS (%)		 垩白粒率
CGR (%)		 垩白度
CD (%)
N1 L6 84.67 a 66.18 a 62.19 a 1.65 a 3.0 a 56.9 a 9.3 a 5.3 f
L7 84.76 a 66.36 a 62.66 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 60.5 a 9.2 a 5.5 ef
L8 84.86 a 66.54 a 63.15 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 59.0 a 11.1 a 6.4 cde
L9 84.96 a 66.68 a 63.89 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 61.6 a 11.7 a 7.2 abc
L10 85.30 a 67.15 a 64.29 a 1.67 a 3.0 a 67.8 a 11.4 a 7.8 ab
N2 L6 84.66 a 66.38 a 62.40 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 61.2 a 9.6 a 5.5 ef
L7 84.76 a 66.97 a 63.01 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 62.1 a 9.6 a 5.9 def
L8 85.13 a 67.11 a 63.74 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 60.2 a 11.6 a 7.0 bcd
L9 85.20 a 67.52 a 64.01 a 1.66 a 3.0 a 63.9 a 12.1 a 7.7 ab
L10 85.30 a 68.04 a 64.64 a 1.67 a 3.0 a 70.3 a 11.7 a 8.2 a
F-value
N 1.13NS 0.59NS 0.29NS 0.07NS — 0.60NS 0.42NS 8.41NS
L 1.66NS 1.03NS 3.68NS 1.14NS — 2.94NS 3.61* 22.50**
N×L 0.14NS 0.08NS 0.04NS 0.05NS — 0.06NS 0.01NS 0.05NS
CK1 84.28 66.34 62.35 1.67 3.0 71.5 10.5 7.5
CK2 84.88 66.72 62.72 1.67 3.0 65.2 11.1 7.2

表6

“独秆”栽培模式下全程氮肥在分蘖中后期施用对旱直播水稻蒸煮食味品质和营养品质的影响"

处理Treatment 食味值
Taste value		 外观
Appearance		 硬度
Hardness		 黏度
Viscosity		 蛋白质含量
PC (%)		 直链淀粉含量
AC (%)
氮肥水平
N level		 追肥叶龄
Leaf age
N1 L6 82.1 a 8.3 a 5.8 e 8.7 a 7.63 e 12.49 a
L7 78.7 a 7.8 a 6.0 d 8.3 a 7.73 de 12.08 ab
L8 74.0 bc 7.1 bc 6.3 bc 7.6 b 7.93 de 11.69 abc
L9 73.8 bc 7.0 bc 6.4 bc 7.6 b 8.13 cde 11.10 bcd
L10 70.8 cd 6.5 cd 6.6 a 7.2 bc 8.28 bcde 10.42 d
N2 L6 81.4 a 8.2 a 5.8 e 8.6 a 7.98 cde 12.15 ab
L7 74.8 b 7.2 b 6.2 cd 7.6 b 8.35 bcd 11.52 abc
L8 73.2 bc 7.0 bc 6.3 bc 7.4 bc 8.62 abc 11.13 bcd
L9 70.8 cd 6.6 cd 6.5 ab 7.1 bc 8.83 ab 10.64 cd
L10 68.7 d 6.3 d 6.7 a 6.8 c 9.13 a 10.15 d
F-value
N 17.27NS 12.98NS 3.27NS 16.69NS 132.13** 51.64*
L 39.29** 38.67** 45.57** 28.14** 5.90** 10.00**
N×L 0.89NS 1.03NS 0.44NS 1.15NS 0.39NS 0.07NS
CK1 72.0 7.0 6.4 7.2 7.70 12.20
CK2 74.1 7.2 6.1 7.6 7.55 12.50
[1] 佴军, 张洪程, 陆建飞. 江苏省水稻生产30年地域格局变化及影响因素分析. 中国农业科学, 2012,45:3446-3452.
Nai J, Zhang H C, Lu J F. Regional pattern changes of rice production in thirty years and its influencing factors in Jiangsu province. Sci Agric Sin, 2012,45:3446-3452 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[2] Xiong W, Conway D, Lin E, Holman I. Potential impacts of climate change and climate variability on China’s rice yield and production. Climate Res, 2009,40:23-35.
[3] 朱德峰, 程式华, 张玉屏, 林贤青, 陈惠哲. 全球水稻生产现状与制约因素分析. 中国农业科学, 2010,43:474-479.
Zhu D F, Cheng S H, Zhang Y P, Lin X Q, Chen H Z. Analysis of status and constraints of rice production in the world. Sci Agric Sin, 2010,43:474-479 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[4] 曾山, 汤海涛, 罗锡文, 马国辉, 王在满, 臧英, 张明华. 同步开沟起垄施肥水稻精量旱穴直播机设计与试验. 农业工程学报, 2012,28(20):12-19.
Zeng S, Tang H T, Luo X W, Ma G H, Wang Z M, Zang Y, Zhang M H. Design and experiment of precision rice hill-drop drilling machine for dry land with synchronous fertilizing. Trans CSAE, 2012,28(20):12-19 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[5] 轧宗杰, 卢树昌, 侯琨. 水稻旱直播栽培发展现状、问题及应用前景. 作物杂志, 2020, ( 2):9-15.
Ya Z J, Lu S C, Hou K. Development status, problems and application prospects of dry direct seeding rice. Crops, 2020, ( 2):9-15 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[6] 赵正洪, 戴力, 黄见良, 潘晓华, 游艾青, 赵全志, 陈光辉, 周政, 胡文彬, 纪龙. 长江中游稻区水稻产业发展现状、问题与建议. 中国水稻科学, 2019,33:553-564.
Zhao Z H, Dai L, Huang J L, Pan X H, You A Q, Zhao Q Z, Chen G H, Zhou Z, Hu W B, Ji L. Status, problems and solutions in rice industry development in the middle reaches of the Yangtze river. Chin J Rice Sci, 2019,33:553-564 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[7] 张洪程. 直播稻种植科学问题研究. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2009. pp 1-15.
Zhang H C. Research on the Scientific Issues of Direct Seeding Rice Planting. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2009. pp 1-15(in Chinese).
[8] 吴文革, 陈烨, 钱银飞, 王小军, 吴一梅. 水稻直播栽培的发展概况与研究进展. 中国农业科技导报, 2006,8(4):32-36.
Wu W G, Chen Y, Qian Y F, Wang X J, Wu Y M. The current status and progresses of the research on direct seeding rice. J Agric Sci Technol, 2006,8(4):32-36 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[9] Xing Z P, Hu Y J, Qian H J, Cao W W, Guo B W, Wei H Y, Xu K, Huo Z Y, Zhou G S, Dai Q G, Zhang H C. Comparison of yield traits in rice among three mechanized planting methods in a rice-wheat rotation system. J Integr Agric, 2017,16:1451-1466.
[10] 侯庆福, 周复来. 晚茬冬小麦高产独秆栽培法. 莱阳农学院学报, 1985, ( 2):23-29.
Hou Q F, Zhou F L. A cultivating method for high yield and single stem of the late planting wheat. J Laiyang Agric Coll, 1985, ( 2):23-29 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[11] 龚金龙, 张洪程, 常勇, 胡雅杰, 龙厚元, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 李德剑, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 罗学超. 稻麦“双迟”栽培模式及其周年生产力的综合评价. 中国水稻科学, 2011,25:629-638.
Gong J L, Zhang H C, Chang Y, Hu Y J, Long H Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Li D J, Sha A Q, Zhou Y Y, Luo X C. “Double late” cultivation model for rice and wheat and its comprehensive evaluation on annual productivity. Chin J Rice Sci, 2011,25:629-638 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12] 朱兆良, 孙波, 杨林章, 张林秀. 我国农业面源污染的控制政策和措施. 科技导报, 2005,23(4):47-51.
Zhu Z L, Sun B, Yang L Z, Zhang X L. Policy and countermeasures to control non-point pollution of agriculture in China. Sci Technol Rev, 2005,23(4):47-51 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[13] 李杰, 张洪程, 龚金龙, 常勇, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉. 不同种植方式对超级稻籽粒灌浆特性的影响. 作物学报, 2011,37:1631-1641.
Li J, Zhang H C, Gong J L, Chang Y, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Gao H. Influence of planting methods on grain-filling properties of super rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2011,37:1631-1641 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[14] Ali M A, Ladha J K, Rickman J, Laies J S. Comparison of different methods of rice establishment and nitrogen management strategies for lowland rice. J Crop Improv, 2006,16:173-189.
[15] 朱大伟, 郭保卫, 张洪程, 刘国涛, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕. 播期对优质米“南粳9108”生长特性及积温光照利用的影响. 生态学杂志, 2014,33:3010-3017.
Zhu D W, Guo B W, Zhang H C, Liu G T, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y. Effects of sowing date on the growth characteristics and utilization of temperature and illumination of high quality japonica rice Nanjing 9108 in different ecological regions. Chin J Ecol, 2014,33:3010-3017 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[16] 李旭毅, 卿发红, 池忠志, 姜心禄, 郭翔, 郑家国, 刘世蓉. 水稻机械精量穴直播出苗阶段水分管理方式研究. 西南农业学报, 2017,30:2449-2453.
Li X Y, Qing F H, Chi Z Z, Jiang X L, Guo X, Zheng J G, Liu S R. Study on water management for mechanical precise hill-drop drilling rice during emergence stage. Southwest Chin J Agric Sci, 2017,30:2449-2453 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[17] 丁艳锋, 刘胜环, 王绍华, 王强盛, 黄丕生, 凌启鸿. 氮素基、蘖肥用量对水稻氮素吸收与利用的影响. 作物学报, 2004,30:739-744.
Ding Y F, Liu S H, Wang S H, Wang Q S, Huang P S, Ling Q H. Effects of the amount of basic and tillering nitrogen applied on absorption and utilization of nitrogen in rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2004,30:739-744 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[18] 钟旭华, 黄农荣, 郑海波, 彭少兵, Buresh R. 不同时期施氮对华南双季杂交稻产量及氮素吸收和氮肥利用率的影响. 杂交水稻, 2007,22(4):62-66.
Zhong X H, Huang N R, Zheng H B, Peng S B, Buresh R J. Effect of nitrogen application timing on grain yield, nitrogen uptake and use efficiency of hybrid rice in south China. Hybrid Rice, 2007,22(4):62-66 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[19] 谢小兵, 周雪峰, 蒋鹏, 陈佳娜, 张瑞春, 伍丹丹, 曹放波, 单双吕, 黄敏, 邹应斌. 低氮密植栽培对超级稻产量和氮素利用率的影响. 作物学报, 2015,41:1591-1602.
Xie X B, Zhou X F, Jiang P, Chen J N, Zhang R C, Wu D D, Cao F B, Shan S L, Huang M, Zou Y B. Effect of low nitrogen rate combined with high plant density on grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in super rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2015,41:1591-1602 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[20] 朱相成, 张振平, 张俊, 邓艾兴, 张卫建. 增密减氮对东北水稻产量、氮肥利用效率及温室效应的影响. 应用生态学报, 2016,27:453-461.
Zhu X C, Zhang Z P, Zhang J, Deng A X, Zhang W J. Effects of increased planting density with reduced nitrogen fertilizer application on rice yield, N use efficiency and greenhouse gas emission in northeast China. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2016,27:453-461 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[21] 郭俊杰, 柴以潇, 李玲, 高丽敏, 谢凯柳, 凌宁, 郭世伟. 江苏省水稻减肥增产的潜力与机制分析. 中国农业科学, 2019,52:849-859.
Guo J J, Chai Y X, Li L, Gao L M, Xie K L, Ling N, Guo S W. The potential and related mechanisms of increasing rice yield by reducing chemical nitrogen application in Jiangsu province. Sci Agric Sin, 2019,52:849-859 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[22] 肖小平, 李超, 唐海明, 汤文光, 程凯凯, 郭立君, 汪柯, 潘孝晨. 秸秆还田下减氮增密对双季稻田土壤氮素库容及氮素利用率的影响. 中国生态农业学报, 2019,27:422-430.
Xiao X P, Li C, Tang H M, Tang W G, Cheng K K, Guo L J, Wang K, Pan X C. Soil nitrogen storage and recovery efficiency in double paddy fields under reduced nitrogen dose and increased crop density. Chin J Eco-Agric, 2019,27:422-430 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[23] 张洪程, 吴桂成, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 高辉, 魏海燕, 端木银熙, 孙菊英, 赵品恒, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 李德剑, 肖跃成, 王宝金, 吴爱国. 粳型杂交水稻超高产形成规律与栽培途径的探讨. 杂交水稻, 2010,25(增刊1):346-353.
Zhang H C, Wu G C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Gao H, Wei H Y, Duan-Mu Y X, Sun J Y, Zhao P Q, Sha A Y, Zhou Y Y, Li D J, Xiao Y C, Wang B J, Wu A G. Formulation of and cultural approach to super-high yielding in japonica hybrid rice. Hybrid Rice, 2010,25(S1):346-353 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[24] 吴桂成, 张洪程, 钱银飞, 李德剑, 周有炎, 徐军, 吴文革, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 高辉, 徐宗进, 钱宗华, 孙菊英, 赵品恒. 粳型超级稻产量构成因素协同规律及超高产特征的研究. 中国农业科学, 2010,43:266-276.
Wu G C, Zhang H C, Qian Y F, Li D J, Zhou Y Y, Xu J, Wu W G, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Gao H, Xu Z J, Qian Z H, Sun J Y, Zhao P H. Rule of grain yield components from high yield to super high yield and the characters of super-high yielding japonica super rice. Sci Agric Sin, 2010,43:266-276 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[25] 魏海燕, 王亚江, 孟天瑶, 葛梦婕, 张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲. 机插超级粳稻产量、品质及氮肥利用率对氮肥的响应. 应用生态学报, 2014,25:488-496.
Wei H Y, Wang Y J, Meng T Y, Ge M J, Zhang H C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K. Response of yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency to nitrogen fertilizer from mechanical transplanting super japonica rice. Chin J Appl Ecol, 2014,25:488-496 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[26] 成臣, 曾勇军, 王祺, 谭雪明, 商庆银, 曾研华, 石庆华. 施氮量对晚粳稻甬优1538产量、品质及氮素吸收利用的影响. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(5):222-228.
Cheng C, Zeng Y J, Wang Q, Tan X M, Shang Q Y, Zeng Y H, Shi Q H. Effects of nitrogen application rates on japonica rice yield, quality, and nitrogen uptake and utilization during the late-rice cropping seasons in southern China. J Soil Water Conserv, 2018,32(5):222-228 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[27] 杨建昌, 杜永, 吴长付, 刘立军, 王志琴, 朱庆森. 超高产粳型水稻生长发育特性的研究. 中国农业科学, 2006,39:1336-1345.
Yang J C, Du Y, Wu C F, Liu L J, Wang Z Q, Zhu Q S. Growth and development characteristics of super-high-yielding mid-season japonica rice. Sci Agric Sin, 2006,39:1336-1345 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[28] 凌启鸿. 作物群体质量. 上海: 上海科学技术出版社, 2005. pp 69-77.
Ling Q H. The Quality of Crop Population. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publishers, 2005. pp 69-77(in Chinese).
[29] 凌启鸿. 水稻精确定量栽培原理与技术. 杂交水稻, 2010,25(增刊1):27-34.
Ling Q H. Theory and technology of rice precise and quantitative cultivation. Hybrid Rice, 2010,25(S1):27-34 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[30] 杨建昌, 杜永, 刘辉. 长江下游稻麦周年超高产栽培途径与技术. 中国农业科学, 2008,41:1611-1621.
Yang J C, Du Y, Liu H. Cultivation approaches and techniques for annual super-high-yielding of rice and wheat in the lower reaches of Yangtze river. Sci Agric Sin, 2008,41:1611-1621 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[31] 严进明, 张荣铣, 焦德茂, 陈炳松, 张红生. 重穗型杂种稻光合和光合产物运转特性研究. 作物学报, 2001,27:261-266.
Yan J M, Zhang R X, Jiao D M, Chen B S, Zhang H S. Studies on characteristics of photosynthesis and assimilate’s transportation in heavy ear hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.). Acta Agron Sin, 2001,27:261-266 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[32] 龚金龙, 胡雅杰, 龙厚元, 常勇, 葛梦婕, 高辉, 刘艳阳, 张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 李德剑, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 罗学超. 不同时期施硅对超级稻产量和硅素吸收、利用效率的影响. 中国农业科学, 2012,45:1475-1488.
Gong J L, Hu Y J, Long H Y, Chang Y, Ge M J, Gao H, Liu Y Y, Zhang H C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Li D J, Sha A Q, Zhou Y Y, Luo X C. Effect of application of silicon at different periods on grain yield and silicon absorption, use efficiency in super rice. Sci Agric Sin, 2012,45:1475-1488 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[33] 龚金龙, 邢志鹏, 胡雅杰, 张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 高辉. 籼、粳超级稻产量构成特征的差异研究. 核农学报, 2014,28:500-511.
Gong J L, Xing Z P, Hu Y J, Zhang H C, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K, Wei H Y, Gao H. Studies on the difference of yield components characteristics between indica and japonica super rice. J Nucl Agric Sci, 2014,28:500-511 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[34] Huang Y Y, Zhao S S, Fu Y C, Sun H D, Ma X, Tan L B, Liu F X, Sun X Y, Sun H Y, Gu P, Xie D X, Sun C Q, Zhu Z F. Variation in the regulatory region of FZP causes increases in secondary inflorescence branching and grain yield in rice domestication. Plant J, 2018,96:716-733.
doi: 10.1111/tpj.14062 pmid: 30101570
[35] 黄发松, 孙宗修, 胡培松, 唐绍清. 食用稻米品质形成研究的现状与展望. 中国水稻科学, 1998,12:172-176.
Huang F S, Sun Z X, Hu P S, Tang S Q. Present situations and prospects for the research on rice grain quality forming. Chin J Rice Sci, 1998,12:172-176 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[36] 李广宇, 彭显龙, 刘元英, 盛大海, 暴勇. 前氮后移对寒地水稻产量和稻米品质的影响. 东北农业大学学报, 2009,40(3):7-11.
Li G Y, Peng X L, Liu Y Y, Sheng D H, Bao Y. Effects of applying N at later growth stage on rice yield and quality in cold area of China. J Northeast Agric Univ, 2009,40(3):7-11 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[37] 刘梦红, 杜春颖, 杨锡铜, 周雪松, 赵海成, 李红宇, 郑桂萍, 吕艳东. 土壤肥力和氮肥运筹对寒地水稻产量、品质及氮肥利用的影响. 河南农业科学, 2019,48(2):25-34.
Liu M H, Du C Y, Yang X T, Zhou X S, Zhao H C, Li H Y, Zheng G P, Lyu Y D. Effects of soil fertility and nitrogen application patterns on yield, quality and nitrogen utilization of rice in cold region. J Henan Agric Sci, 2019,48(2):25-34 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[38] 殷春渊, 王书玉, 刘贺梅, 孙建权, 胡秀明, 薛应征, 王和乐, 范永胜. 不同密度和施氮量对稻米品质特性的影响. 河南农业科学, 2015,44(9):15-18.
Yin C Y, Wang S Y, Liu H M, Sun J Q, Hu X M, Xue Y Z, Wang H L, Fan Y S. Effects of different planting density and amount of nitrogen fertilizer on rice quality characteristics. J Henan Agric Sci, 2015,44(9):15-18 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[39] 万靓军, 张洪程, 霍中洋, 林忠成, 戴其根, 许轲, 张军. 氮肥运筹对超级杂交粳稻产量、品质及氮素利用率的影响. 作物学报, 2007,33:175-182.
Wan L J, Zhang H C, Huo Z Y, Lin Z C, Dai Q G, Xu K, Zhang J. Effects of nitrogen application regimes on yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency of super japonica hybrid rice. Acta Agron Sin, 2007,33:175-182 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[40] 张洪程, 王秀芹, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲. 施氮量对杂交稻两优培九产量、品质及吸氮特性的影响. 中国农业科学, 2003,36:800-806.
Zhang H C, Wang X Q, Dai Q G, Huo Z Y, Xu K. Effects of N-application rate on yield, quality and characters of nitrogen uptake of hybrid rice variety Liangyoupeijiu. Sci Agric Sin, 2003,36:800-806 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[1] 王丹, 周宝元, 马玮, 葛均筑, 丁在松, 李从锋, 赵明. 长江中游双季玉米种植模式周年气候资源分配与利用特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450.
[2] 王旺年, 葛均筑, 杨海昌, 阴法庭, 黄太利, 蒯婕, 王晶, 汪波, 周广生, 傅廷栋. 大田作物在不同盐碱地的饲料价值评价[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1451-1462.
[3] 颜佳倩, 顾逸彪, 薛张逸, 周天阳, 葛芊芊, 张耗, 刘立军, 王志琴, 顾骏飞, 杨建昌, 周振玲, 徐大勇. 耐盐性不同水稻品种对盐胁迫的响应差异及其机制[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1463-1475.
[4] 杨欢, 周颖, 陈平, 杜青, 郑本川, 蒲甜, 温晶, 杨文钰, 雍太文. 玉米-豆科作物带状间套作对养分吸收利用及产量优势的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[5] 陈静, 任佰朝, 赵斌, 刘鹏, 张吉旺. 叶面喷施甜菜碱对不同播期夏玉米产量形成及抗氧化能力的调控[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515.
[6] 李祎君, 吕厚荃. 气候变化背景下农业气象灾害对东北地区春玉米产量影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(6): 1537-1545.
[7] 石艳艳, 马志花, 吴春花, 周永瑾, 李荣. 垄作沟覆地膜对旱地马铃薯光合特性及产量形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1288-1297.
[8] 闫晓宇, 郭文君, 秦都林, 王双磊, 聂军军, 赵娜, 祁杰, 宋宪亮, 毛丽丽, 孙学振. 滨海盐碱地棉花秸秆还田和深松对棉花干物质积累、养分吸收及产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(5): 1235-1247.
[9] 柯健, 陈婷婷, 吴周, 朱铁忠, 孙杰, 何海兵, 尤翠翠, 朱德泉, 武立权. 沿江双季稻北缘区晚稻适宜品种类型及高产群体特征[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 1005-1016.
[10] 刘嘉欣, 兰玉, 徐倩玉, 李红叶, 周新宇, 赵璇, 甘毅, 刘宏波, 郑月萍, 詹仪花, 张刚, 郑志富. 耐三唑并嘧啶类除草剂花生种质创制与鉴定[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 1027-1034.
[11] 李瑞东, 尹阳阳, 宋雯雯, 武婷婷, 孙石, 韩天富, 徐彩龙, 吴存祥, 胡水秀. 增密对不同分枝类型大豆品种同化物积累和产量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 942-951.
[12] 王吕, 崔月贞, 吴玉红, 郝兴顺, 张春辉, 王俊义, 刘怡欣, 李小刚, 秦宇航. 绿肥稻秆协同还田下氮肥减量的增产和培肥短期效应[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(4): 952-961.
[13] 杜浩, 程玉汉, 李泰, 侯智红, 黎永力, 南海洋, 董利东, 刘宝辉, 程群. 利用Ln位点进行分子设计提高大豆单荚粒数[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 565-571.
[14] 陈云, 李思宇, 朱安, 刘昆, 张亚军, 张耗, 顾骏飞, 张伟杨, 刘立军, 杨建昌. 播种量和穗肥施氮量对优质食味直播水稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 656-666.
[15] 袁嘉琦, 刘艳阳, 许轲, 李国辉, 陈天晔, 周虎毅, 郭保卫, 霍中洋, 戴其根, 张洪程. 氮密处理提高迟播栽粳稻资源利用和产量[J]. 作物学报, 2022, 48(3): 667-681.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
京ICP备15008789号-2