四倍体水稻回复二倍体品系的籼粳属性鉴定和杂种优势利用初探

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.22057

作物学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (8): 2039-2050.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2023.22057

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 • 上一篇下一篇

四倍体水稻回复二倍体品系的籼粳属性鉴定和杂种优势利用初探

宋兆建¹^,^*(), 冯紫旖¹, 屈天歌¹, 吕品苍¹, 杨晓璐¹, 湛明月¹, 张献华¹, 何玉池¹, 刘育华², 蔡得田¹^,²^,^*()

¹ 湖北大学生命科学学院, 湖北武汉430062
² 武汉多倍体生物科技有限公司, 湖北武汉430345

收稿日期:2022-09-27 接受日期:2023-02-10 出版日期:2023-08-12 网络出版日期:2023-02-28
通讯作者: 宋兆建,蔡得田
作者简介:E-mail: zjsong99@126.com
基金资助:
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BBA032);武汉市重大科技专项和武汉市品牌农业发展计划项目资助

Indica-japonica attribute identification and heterosis utilization of diploid rice lines reverted from tetraploid rice

SONG Zhao-Jian¹^,^*(), FENG Zi-Yi¹, QU Tian-Ge¹, LYU Pin-Cang¹, YANG Xiao-Lu¹, ZHAN Ming-Yue¹, ZHANG Xian-Hua¹, HE Yu-Chi¹, LIU Yu-Hua², CAI De-Tian¹^,²^,^*()

¹ School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
² Wuhan Polyploid Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430345, Hubei, China

Received:2022-09-27 Accepted:2023-02-10 Published:2023-08-12 Published online:2023-02-28
Contact: SONG Zhao-Jian,CAI De-Tian
Supported by:
Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2020BBA032);Major Science and Technology Project of Wuhan, and the Brand Agriculture Development Plan of Wuhan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究以8个四倍体水稻回复二倍体品系为材料, 采用InDel分子标记法鉴定其籼粳属性; 同时以回复二倍体品系为父本, 分别与籼稻光温敏雄性不育系培矮64S、粳稻光温敏雄性不育系农垦58S配制杂交组合, 进行亲本及杂种的遗传距离及聚类分析, 考察杂种及其父本的产量相关性状, 分析杂种的超父本优势、超标优势; 另外, 对亲本遗传距离与杂种优势的相关性进行分析, 探讨利用亲本遗传距离预测杂种优势的可行性。结果表明: (1) 回复二倍体品系的籼型基因频率分布在0.605~0.947之间, 所有品系都兼有籼稻和粳稻遗传成分, 但籼粳成分比例各不相同。(2) 回复二倍体品系和培矮64S之间的遗传距离在0.21~0.42之间, 回复二倍体品系和农垦58S之间的遗传距离在0.68~0.95之间; 籼粳属性相同或相近的材料聚为一类, 清晰显示了材料间的亲缘关系。(3) 回复二倍体品系的杂种优势利用需要广亲和基因的参与, 以具有广亲和基因的培矮64S为母本配制的杂交组合在单株有效穗数、每穗总粒数和每穗实粒数方面超父本优势和超标优势明显; 在综合后的单株产量上8个杂交组合都表现出超父本优势和超标优势, 尤其是杂交组合HYP2单株产量超标优势突出, 高达45.92%。(4) 亲本遗传距离与杂种F₁的每穗总粒数和单株产量呈显著正相关, 说明InDel遗传距离可以用于杂种优势预测。研究证实了籼粳亚种间四倍体水稻的回复二倍体品系兼有籼稻和粳稻遗传成分, 遗传多样性丰富, 利用这些回复二倍体品系能够配制出超强杂种优势组合, 为通过以籼粳中间型品系与广亲和光温敏雄性不育系配组实现籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用提供了理论依据和参考; 同时初步证实了“以多倍体为变异载体选育回复二倍体水稻”育种途径的可行性, 为水稻育种提供了新的思路和途径。

关键词: 水稻, 多倍体, 回复二倍体, InDel, 籼粳属性, 遗传距离, 杂种优势

Abstract:

In this study, the indica-japonica attribute of eight reverted diploid lines were identified by InDel molecular marker. The hybrid combinations were made between the reverted diploid lines and photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines Peiai 64S (indica) and Nongken 58S (japonica), respectively. The genetic distance and cluster analysis of the parents and hybrids were carried out, the yield related traits of the hybrids and the male parents were investigated, then the over male parent heterosis and the competitive heterosis of the hybrids were analyzed. In addition, the correlation between parental genetic distance and the heterosis was analyzed to explore the feasibility of using parental genetic distance to predict heterosis. The results showed as follows: (1) The indica gene frequency of the reverted diploid lines ranged from 0.605 to 0.947. All lines had both indica and japonica genetic components, but the proportions of indica and japonica components were different from each other. (2) The genetic distance between the reverted diploid lines and Pei’ai 64S were 0.21-0.42, and that between the reverted diploid lines and Nongken 58S were 0.68-0.95. The materials with the same or similar indica-japonica attribute were clustered together, which clearly showed the genetic relationship between the materials. (3) The heterosis utilization of the reverted diploid lines needed the participation of wide compatibility genes. The hybrid combinations made between Peiai 64S that had wide compatibility gene and the reverted diploid lines had obvious over male parent heterosis and competitive heterosis in the effective panicle number per plant, the total grain number per panicle, and the filled grain number per panicle. In the yield per plant, eight hybrid combinations all showed over male parent heterosis and competitive heterosis, especially the yield per plant of HYP2 was prominent, up to 45.92%. (4) The genetic distance of parents was significantly positively correlated with the total grain number per panicle and the yield per plant of the hybrids, indicating that the InDel genetic distance can be used for predicting heterosis. The study confirmed that the reverted diploid lines from the tetraploid indica-japonica subspecies rice had both indica and japonica genetic components, and contained abundant genetic diversity. Using the reverted diploid lines, the hybrid combinations with super heterosis could be made, which providing a theoretical basis and reference for the utilization of indica-japonica subspecies heterosis through the combination of indica-japonica intermediate lines and photoperiod- and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines with wide compatibility genes. At the same time, we preliminarily confirmed the feasibility of the pathway “breeding new diploid rice varieties by using polyploid as the vector for creating variation”, which provided a new idea and approach for rice breeding.

Key words: rice, polyploid, reverted diploid, InDel, indica-japonica attribute, genetic distance, heterosis

宋兆建, 冯紫旖, 屈天歌, 吕品苍, 杨晓璐, 湛明月, 张献华, 何玉池, 刘育华, 蔡得田. 四倍体水稻回复二倍体品系的籼粳属性鉴定和杂种优势利用初探[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(8): 2039-2050.

SONG Zhao-Jian, FENG Zi-Yi, QU Tian-Ge, LYU Pin-Cang, YANG Xiao-Lu, ZHAN Ming-Yue, ZHANG Xian-Hua, HE Yu-Chi, LIU Yu-Hua, CAI De-Tian. Indica-japonica attribute identification and heterosis utilization of diploid rice lines reverted from tetraploid rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(8): 2039-2050.

图/表 11

表1

表2

表3

回复二倍体品系、不育系及其杂种的籼粳属性鉴定结果"

材料名称 Material	材料类型 Type	籼型基因频率(F_i) Gene frequencies of indica	粳型基因频率(F_j) Gene frequencies of japonica	籼粳属性鉴定结果 Indica-japonica attributes identified by InDel markers
9311	籼稻对照品种Control variety of indica	1.000	0.000	典型籼稻Typical indica
日本晴Nipponbare	粳稻对照品种Control variety of japonica	0	1.000	典型粳稻Typical japonica
A3	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.658	0.342	偏籼Indica cline
T1	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.605	0.395	偏籼Indica cline
ST110	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.868	0.132	籼稻Indica
ST112	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.947	0.053	典型籼稻Typical indica
ST126	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.789	0.211	籼稻Indica
ST130	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.816	0.184	籼稻Indica
ST133	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.789	0.211	籼稻Indica
ST141	回复二倍体Reverted diploid line	0.895	0.105	籼稻Indica
PA64S	籼稻不育系Indica sterile line	0.842	0.158	籼稻Indica
NK58S	粳稻不育系Japonica sterile line	0.105	0.895	粳稻Japonica
HYP1	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.737	0.263	偏籼Indica cline
HYP2	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.737	0.263	偏籼Indica cline
HYP3	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.816	0.184	籼稻Indica
HYP4	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.816	0.184	籼稻Indica
HYP5	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.737	0.263	偏籼Indica cline
HYP6	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.763	0.237	籼稻Indica
HYP7	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.711	0.289	偏籼Indica cline
HYP8	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.816	0.184	籼稻Indica
HYN1	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.447	0.553	中间类型Intermediate
HYN2	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.447	0.553	中间类型Intermediate
HYN3	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.289	0.711	偏粳Japonica cline
HYN4	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.289	0.711	偏粳Japonica cline
HYN5	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.447	0.553	中间类型Intermediate
HYN6	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.316	0.684	偏粳Japonica cline
HYN7	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.316	0.684	偏粳Japonica cline
HYN8	杂交组合Hybrid rice	0.289	0.711	偏粳Japonica cline

表3

表4

图1

表5

杂交组合及其父本的主要农艺性状"

材料/组合 Material/ combination	生育期PD (d)	株高 PH (cm)	单株有效穗数EP	每穗总粒数TG	每穗实粒数FG	结实率 SSR (%)	千粒重 TGW (g)	单株产量 YPP (g)
A3	118	135.14±1.42	11.50±1.22	308.05±11.83	267.25±12.73	86.76±2.52	26.08±0.68	80.15±11.37
T1	123	133.64±1.93	12.50±1.58	305.70±8.18	254.95±8.57	83.40±0.91	25.70±0.77	81.89±9.70
ST110	140	124.28±2.02	12.40±1.43	207.37±9.20	184.33±10.96	88.89±1.91	27.06±0.67	61.85±8.57
ST112	136	123.24±2.19	11.60±1.51	210.55±14.88	186.51±12.74	88.58±2.54	30.80±0.48	66.63±8.94
ST126	130	123.82±1.30	14.20±1.14	269.44±23.02	229.79±16.62	85.29±3.93	22.48±0.56	73.35±7.16
ST130	133	124.45±1.93	13.60±1.35	270.00±22.36	232.65±16.22	86.17±2.61	23.53±0.69	74.44±10.83
ST133	135	118.62±1.44	13.80±1.48	246.94±16.64	217.76±14.75	88.18±1.11	25.55±0.49	76.78±10.29
ST141	132	130.03±1.83	11.60±1.07	207.96±9.77	193.62±8.68	93.10±1.58	30.12±0.78	67.65±6.17
HYP1	124	140.14±1.18	14.30±1.34	338.16±22.07	277.86±12.07	82.17±3.65	23.74±0.57	94.33±7.53
HYP2	130	139.36±1.12	15.20±0.92	384.31±8.87	312.76±9.94	81.38±2.68	23.69±0.33	112.63±9.81
HYP3	137	128.64±1.47	15.40±1.07	289.04±12.75	253.96±13.55	87.86±2.39	25.51±0.50	99.76±8.21
HYP4	139	125.06±1.13	14.40±0.84	277.27±15.42	225.31±13.98	81.26±2.08	26.58±0.41	86.23±9.49
HYP5	136	127.74±0.69	14.80±1.14	370.73±20.99	301.37±15.72	81.29±0.93	22.85±0.60	101.93±9.35
HYP6	135	134.64±1.38	14.00±1.41	335.93±11.54	305.76±12.46	91.02±2.44	22.61±0.40	96.78±12.05
HYP7	140	129.83±1.87	13.40±1.35	338.17±18.98	309.46±16.91	91.51±1.04	23.75±0.61	98.48±13.52
HYP8	135	131.77±1.35	13.90±0.99	265.30±14.24	222.73±13.38	83.95±2.02	27.16±0.62	84.10±10.89
HYN1	135	97.23±2.35	29.50±1.65	92.28±5.40	13.32±2.37	14.13±1.86	26.52±1.48	10.34±1.79
HYN2	132	101.97±2.36	32.00±2.54	105.31±8.24	27.16±3.45	25.71±2.15	25.32±1.26	21.88±3.71
HYN3	142	96.35±2.29	36.60±2.01	161.26±6.80	18.58±2.09	11.80±1.26	24.37±1.48	17.13±3.14
HYN4	145	87.93±2.51	25.20±1.81	127.12±2.52	11.46±1.00	8.70±0.73	25.06±1.44	6.89±1.03
HYN5	140	80.08±2.32	33.50±2.80	108.46±5.04	7.79±0.62	7.25±0.56	26.72±1.36	7.27±0.49
HYN6	137	100.30±2.94	36.50±2.27	107.89±5.67	15.60±1.87	14.81±1.59	25.26±1.29	14.95±2.03
HYN7	140	101.00±2.76	33.30±2.45	166.40±10.39	13.15±1.50	7.55±0.61	24.62±0.75	10.56±1.43
HYN8	140	97.79±2.34	23.20±1.87	101.15±7.16	7.82±0.92	7.90±0.61	25.08±1.13	4.61±0.76
丰两优4号(对照) Fengliangyou 4 (CK)	135	132.19±1.39	10.60±1.17	278.94±11.35	245.76±13.68	88.10±2.39	29.63±0.56	77.19±10.45

表5

表6

图2

表7

图3

表8

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标记名称 Marker	正向引物DNA序列 Forward sequence (5′-3′)	反向引物DNA序列 Reverse sequence (5′-3′)	9311与日本晴片段差异 Fragment differences between 9311 and Nipponbare (bp)
R1M7	ATTCCTGGTTCTACATTACTTA	CGCCTCACTAGAATATCGGA	37
R1M37	ATAGTTCGCCATCGTCAT	ACACGCCATAGCAAGGAA	53
R2M10	CCCAGTCTGCTGCCATCT	GAATGTATTTCAGTTCCAGTAAG	48
R2M50	CCTGAAGGAAATGATAGCAATAG	GTTTTGTATGCTCTTCACTTGTC	42
R3M10	CCGAGTACCATTGCTTTC	CTGCCATAGTTACTGCTCTGTT	37
R3M53	ACACTGGCTACGGCAAAG	TTTGTTCGGGAATAATGATGC	35
R4M17	AGTGCTCGGTTTTGTTTTC	GTCAGATATAATTGATGGATGTA	51
R5M13	GAGAAAGAGTGGAAGGAG	AGTATCGTCAGGAGGGTC	32
R5M30	CTCAATTTCACCCATCCC	CGCTCCGTCTCCAACCTC	46
R6M14	AAATGTCCATGTGTTTGCTTC	CATGTGTGGAATGTGGTTG	34
R6M44	TTAGGAATAAAGGCTGGATA	TTACCGTTAATAGGTGGAA	34
R7M7	ACCTTCCCTCCCCTTTTGAT	AACTTGGTCTTCCTGTTTTATTG	67
R7M37	CAGCCCTAAATCTAAATACCC	ACGTTGAGACAGGCGAGC	36
R8M33	CGAAAGAGGAGAGGGGTAGT	CGAAAACGAGAAACAAATA	38
R9M42	CTATAAGACCAAAACGAAAACT	GAAAACCATTGTGTCACTGTA	48
R10M17	TGAACAATAAACCACAGAAGCA	CCCTTTATTCCCTCCTTTG	31
R11M23	AAGGTTGACAAGGACAGAAG	TCGCAGGAATGGATAAAA	42
R12M10	ATCATTTCAGCCTGTGCC	AGCTTAATAGGGGGGACG	47
R12M27	ATTTCATTGCCATCAGTT	GTAATCTTCTATCCGTTCA	33

籼粳属性 Indica-japonica attributes	基因频率 Gene frequency
籼粳属性 Indica-japonica attributes	籼型(F_i) Indica	粳型(F_j) Japonica
典型籼稻Typical indica	0.90-1.00	0-0.10
籼稻Indica	0.75-0.89	0.11-0.25
偏籼Indica cline	0.61-0.74	0.26-0.39
中间类型Intermediate	0.40-0.60	0.40-0.60
偏粳Japonica cline	0.26-0.39	0.61-0.74
粳稻Japonica	0.11-0.25	0.75-0.89
典型粳稻Typical japonica	0-0.10	0.90-1.00

统计数值 Statistical value	单株有效穗数 EP	每穗总粒数 TG	每穗实粒数 FG	结实率 SSR	千粒重 TGW	单株产量 YPP
均值Mean	14.80	29.14	25.62	-2.78	-6.91	33.43
极差Range	27.25	29.61	38.14	15.46	15.36	43.62
最大值Max.	24.35	39.39	42.11	5.63	1.66	61.30
最小值Min.	-2.90	9.78	3.97	-9.83	-13.70	17.68
正向优势组合数PDC	7	8	8	2	1	8
负向优势组合数NDC	1	0	0	6	7	0

统计数值 Statistical value	单株有效穗数 EP	每穗总粒数 TG	每穗实粒数 FG	结实率 SSR	千粒重 TGW	单株产量 YPP
均值Mean	36.08	16.46	12.37	-3.46	-17.36	25.38
极差Range	18.86	42.66	36.63	11.64	15.38	36.97
最大值Max.	45.28	37.77	27.26	3.87	-8.32	45.92
最小值Min.	26.42	-4.89	-9.37	-7.77	-23.70	8.95
正向优势组合数PDC	8	6	6	2	0	8
负向优势组合数NDC	0	2	2	6	8	0

性状 Trait	亲本遗传距离 GD	单株有效穗数 EP	每穗总粒数 TG	每穗实粒数 FG	结实率 SSR	千粒重 TGW
单株有效穗数EP	0.554
每穗总粒数TG	0.761^*	0.198
每穗实粒数FG	0.536	-0.008	0.920^**
结实率SSR	-0.468	-0.460	-0.098	0.298
千粒重TGW	-0.527	-0.005	-0.880^**	-0.941^**	-0.241
单株产量YPP	0.736^*	0.529	0.847^**	0.806^*	0.010	-0.680

四倍体水稻回复二倍体品系的籼粳属性鉴定和杂种优势利用初探

Indica-japonica attribute identification and heterosis utilization of diploid rice lines reverted from tetraploid rice

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父本 (回复二倍体品系) Male parent	与母本(不育系)的遗传距离 Genetic distance between male and female parents
父本 (回复二倍体品系) Male parent	PA64S	NK58S
A3	0.37	0.74
T1	0.42	0.68
ST110	0.26	0.95
ST112	0.21	0.89
ST126	0.32	0.89
ST130	0.21	0.89
ST133	0.26	0.89
ST141	0.26	0.95

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