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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 1212-1220.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01212

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION·PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of CO2 Concentrations on Stomatal Traits and Gas Exchange in Leaves of Soybean

Fei LI1(),Liang LIU1,Hao ZHANG2,Qing-Tao WANG3,Li-Li GUO1,Li-Hua HAO1,*(),Xi-Xi ZHANG1,Xu CAO1,Wei-Jia LIANG1,Yun-Pu ZHENG1,*()   

  1. 1 School of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China
    2 School of Life Science and Engineering, Handan University, Handan 056005, Hebei, China
    3 School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, Hebei, China
  • Received:2017-12-22 Accepted:2018-04-11 Online:2018-08-10 Published:2018-05-11
  • Contact: Li-Hua HAO,Yun-Pu ZHENG E-mail:lifei19931027@163.com;haolihua_000@sina.com;zhengyunpu_000@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31400418);the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2016402088);the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2016402098);the Innovation Capability Upgrading Plan of Hebei Province(Research Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Water Resources);the Innovation Capability Upgrading Plan of Hebei Province (Research Center for High-efficiency Utilization of Water Resources)(18965307H);the Young Outstanding Innovative Talents of Hebei Province(BJ2016012);the Foundation for Returnees of Hebei Province(CN201702);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Projects(2014M561044);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Projects(2016T90128);the Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Colleges and Universities(QN2015253)

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Abstract:

Seven concentrations treatments (400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600 μmol mol -1) were designed to investigate the effects of atmospheric CO2 concentrations on the stomatal traits and leaf gas exchange of soybean. We found that elevating CO2 concentrations significantly decreased the stomatal density of adaxial side and the stomatal area index of both the adaxial and abaxial sides. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution pattern analysis of stomata with the Ripley’s K function showed that the spatial distribution pattern of stomata on leaf surfaces of soybean was highly scale-dependent. The most regular distribution pattern of stomata on the abaxial surface was found under the CO2 concentration of 400 μmol mol -1, and the increase of CO2 concentration resulted in irregular distribution pattern of stomata on the abaxial surface of soybean leaves. In contrast to the abaxial surface, elevating CO2 concentrations made the spatial distribution pattern of stomata more regular on the adaxial leaf surface, which was evidenced by lower minimal Lhat(d) values under elevated CO2 concentrations than those under CO2 concentration of 400 μmol mol -1. Although the response of stomatal traits to atmospheric CO2 concentration was obviously different between the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves, soybean plants could alter leaf gas exchange through adjusting the morphological traits and the spatial distribution pattern of stomata. These results may be helpful for further understanding potential mechanisms concerning about the elevating CO2 effect on the leaf gas exchange of soybean plants from the view of stomatal traits.

Key words: CO2 concentration, soybean plants, stomatal structure and function, stomatal distribution pattern, leaf gas exchange

Table 1

Effect of CO2 concentration on the stomatal density and morphological traits of individual stoma"

Fig. 2

Scanning electron photographs of stomata on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces of soybean under different CO2 concentrations The morphological traits of stomata on the adaxial surface (a-g) and abaxial surface (A-G) of soybean under different CO2 concentrations (400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600 μmol mol-1)."

Table 2

Interactive effect of CO2 concentrations on stomatal parameters at different leaf surfaces of soybean"

参数
Parameter		 气孔密度
Stomatal density
(No. mm-2)		 气孔长度
Stomatal length
(mm)		 气孔宽度
Stomatal width
(mm)		 气孔面积
Stomatal area
(mm2)		 气孔周长
Stomatal
perimeter (mm)		 气孔面积指数
Stomatal area index (%)		 气孔形状指数
Stomatal shape index (%)
CO2 0.149 0.531 0.352 0.102 0.910 0.194 0.130
叶面 Surface <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.805 0.933 0.002
CO2×叶面 CO2×surface 0.009 0.158 0.350 0.006 0.269 0.323 0.290

Fig. 1

Effect of CO2 concentration on the distribution pattern of stomata on soybean leaves The spatial distribution pattern of stomata on the adaxial surface (a) and abaxial surface (b) of soybean leaves."

Fig. 3

Effect of CO2 concentration on stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency of soybean (a) the leaf stomatal conductance; (b) transpiration rate; (c) water use efficiency of soybean."

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