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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 1221-1228.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2018.01221

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Relationship between Lipid and Flag Leaf Senescence Induced by Low Nitrogen Stress during Grain Filling of Wheat

Qian LI1,2(),Ling-Yun QI3,4,Li-Na YIN1,2,3,4,*(),Shi-Wen WANG1,2,3,4,Xi-Ping DENG1,2,4   

  1. 1 College of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau / Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resource, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
    3 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    4 College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
  • Received:2017-11-09 Accepted:2018-04-11 Online:2018-08-10 Published:2018-05-14
  • Contact: Li-Na YIN E-mail:liqian515@mails.ucas.edu.cn;linayin@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31200206);the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2015BAD22B01);the Program for Scientific and Technological Star of Shaanxi Province(2016KJXX-66);the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2015389)

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Abstract:

Nitrogen (N) deficiency induces flag leaf senescence at the grain-filling stage of wheat resulting in yield decrease. In this study, we carried out a field experiment to investigate the relationship between N-deficiency-induced flag leaf senescence and lipid change using wheat variety ‘Changhan 58’. Under the low-N (120 kg ha -1) condition, the photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, total N content, and contents of all lipid components of flag leaf at 14 days after flowering were significantly lower than those under normal-N (180 kg ha -1) condition, while the DGDG/MGDG ratio in low-N treatment increased. The content of unsaturated fatty acids, such as C18:3 and C18:2 decreased significantly, whereas the contents of saturated fatty acids, such as C16:0, increased significantly, leading to the reduction of index of unsaturated double bounds. In addition, thylakoid protein packing density also decreased under N-deficiency condition. These results indicate that N-deficiency-induced leaf senescence is characterized with lipid degradation and components changes, which result in negative effects on reductions of membrane permeability, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate. Simultaneously, the DGDG/MGDG ratio of plants is adjusted in response to N deficiency to alleviate damages of membrane function caused bby lipid degradation.

Key words: wheat, flag leaf, nitrogen deficiency, membrane lipids, senescence

Fig. 1

Effects of nitrogen deficiency on Pn and chlorophyll content of wheat leaves Columns represent mean ± SE (n = 3) and different letters above columns mean significant difference among treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 2

Effects of nitrogen deficiency on nitrogen content and nitrogen/chlorophyll ratio of wheat leaves Columns represent mean ± SE (n = 3) and different letters above columns mean significant difference among treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 3

Effects of nitrogen deficiency on lipid content (A) and DGDG/MGDG ratio (B) in wheat leaves MGDG: monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; DGDG: digalactosyldiacylglycerol; PL: phospholipid. Columns represent mean ± SE (n = 3) and different letters above columns mean significant difference between NN and LN treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 4

Effects of nitrogen deficiency on main fatty acid compositions of various lipids in wheat leaves A: fatty acid compositions of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; DGDG: fatty acid compositions of digalactosyldiacylglycerol; PL: fatty acid compositions of phospholipid; D: fatty acid compositions of total lipids. Columns represent mean ± SE (n = 3) and different letters above columns mean significant difference among fatty acid compositions (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 5

Effects of nitrogen deficiency on DBI of lipids in wheat leaves DBI: double-bond index; MGDG: monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; DGDG: digalactosyldiacylglycerol; PL: phospholipid. Columns represent mean ± SE (n = 3) and different letters above columns mean significant difference between the NN and LN treatments (P < 0.05)."

Fig. 6

Effects of nitrogen deficiency on lipid-to-chlorophyll content ratios in wheat leaves MGDG: monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; DGDG: digalactosyldiacylglycerol; PL: phospholipid. Columns represent mean ± SE (n = 3) and different letters above columns mean significant difference between NN and LN treatments (P < 0.05)."

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