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Comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance at different growth stages of soybean and screening of salt-tolerant germplasm

MENG Ran1,LI Zhao-Jia1,FENG Wei1,CHEN Yue1,LIU Lu-Ping2,YANG Chun-Yan2,LU Xue-Lin1,WANG Xiu-Ping1,*   

  1. 1 Institute of Coastal Agriculture, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Tangshan 063299, Hebei, China; 2 Institute of Grain and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences / Shijiazhuang Branch of National Soybean Improvement Center / Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetic Breeding, Huanghuaihai, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China
  • Received:2025-02-13 Revised:2025-04-25 Accepted:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-07
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Tangshan Science and Technology Plan Project (23150207A) and the HAAFS Science and Technology Innovation Special Project (2022KJCXZX-BHS-4).

Abstract:

土壤盐渍化是影响大豆生长的重要非生物胁迫之一。评价与筛选耐盐性大豆种质资源对于挖掘耐盐碱基因、耐盐大豆品种选育及盐碱地高效利用具有重要意义。本研究以50份大豆种质资源为研究对象,进行了发芽期(0.6% NaCl)、苗期(1.5% NaCl)和全生育期(0.9% NaCl)的耐盐性鉴定,通过测定芽期发芽率、苗期株高、叶面积、SPAD值、地上及地下部分的鲜重和干重及丙二醛含量10个指标和全生育期株高、底荚高度、有效分枝、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重等8个指标,采用相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数法和聚类分析,对大豆种质耐盐性进行综合评价,并采用逐步回归分析建立了苗期和全生育期耐盐性预测回归模型,明确了各时期的耐盐评价指标。结果表明依据盐害指数筛选出发芽期高耐盐种质8份,耐盐种质10份,高度盐敏感种质6份。利用主成分分析和隶属函数进行综合评价,鉴定出苗期耐盐材料12份;通过聚类分析方法将50份全生育期大豆材料分成5类:高耐盐种质3份、耐盐种质3份、中等耐盐种质20份、盐敏感种质19份和高敏感种质5份。通过逐步回归分析,建立大豆苗期耐盐性评价预测模型:D= – 0.223 + 0.085X1 + 0.203X2 + 0.075X3 + 0.149X6 + 0.132X7 + 0.070X9 + 0.084X10 (R2=0.969P<0.01)筛选出相对株高、相对叶面积、相对SPAD、相对地下部分鲜重、相对地下部分干重、相对SOD、相对PRO可作为大豆苗期耐盐性鉴定的指标。建立大豆全生育期耐盐性评价预测模型:D= – 0.153 + 0.143X1 + 0.443X6 + 0.171X7 (R2=0.962P<0.01)筛选出相对株高、相对单株粒数、相对单株粒重可以作为大豆全生育期耐盐性评价指标。本研究建立了一套全面精简、针对于大豆不同生育时期的耐盐性鉴定评价方法,为大豆耐盐机理研究和耐盐新种质选育提供了技术体系和基础材料。

Key words: soybean, germination stage, seedling stage, entire growth stage, salt tolerance, membership function method, comprehensive evaluation

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