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Current status and prospects of sugarcane hybrid breeding

Wang Pei-Lin1,2,**,Wu Qi-Bin1,2,**,Gan Yi-Mei1,Cao Zheng-Ying1,Zhao Pei-Fang3,Liu Jia-Yong3,Wang Dong-Jiao1, Su Ya-Chun2,Sun Ting-Ting1,Wang Heng-Bo2,Zhao Wan-Ying1,Zhang Yuan-Yuan1,Yang Ben-Peng1,*,Zhang Yue-Bin3,*, Li Yang-Rui4,*,Que You-Xiong1,2,*

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  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding / Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, Hainan, China; 2 Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane / College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China; 3 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding / Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan 661699, Yunnan, China; 4 Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, Guangxi, China
  • Received:2026-06-11 Revised:2026-07-20 Accepted:2026-07-20 Published:2026-07-21
  • Supported by:
    This study was supported by the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Tropical Agricultural Science Center (CATASCXTD202402), the Guangxi Science and Technology Project (Agricultural and Rural Field) (GUIKENONG AB24153001), the Project of State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding (NKLTCBCXTD24, NKLTCBCXTD38), and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-17).

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Abstract: Sugarcane is the most important sugar crop in China, contributing approximately 90% of the national sugar production, and variety improvement accounts for up to 60% of the scientific and technological contribution rate. Hybrid breeding is the core approach for sugarcane genetic improvement. Over the past century, continuous recombination of parental traits and selection of superior progeny clones have promoted the development of new sugarcane varieties with high yield, high sugar content, disease resistance, and broad adaptability. In recent years, sugarcane hybrid breeding has gradually shifted from experience-based phenotypic selection to a modern breeding system integrating germplasm resource evaluation, parental combination design, flowering induction and flowering-time regulation, high-throughput phenotyping, marker-assisted selection, and multi-environment evaluation, thereby significantly improving the hybridization efficiency, selection accuracy, and multi-trait pyramiding capacity. In the future, genomics and multi-omics data, high-throughput genotyping, transgenic technology, genome editing, genomic selection, and artificial intelligence will function as empowering technologies to support the parent development, combination optimization, early-stage selection, breeding value prediction, and targeted trait pyramiding in sugarcane hybrid breeding. These advances will drive sugarcane hybrid breeding toward a precision breeding system characterized by data-driven decision-making, model-based prediction, and feedback optimization, while retaining the core framework of “parental selection-hybrid recombination-progeny selection”. This review systematically summarizes the history and current status of sugarcane hybrid breeding and proposes future development strategies, aiming to provide a reference for developing new sugarcane varieties with high yield and high sugar content, stress resistance and broad adaptability, mechanized production feasibility, efficient resource use, and diversified utilization potential.

Key words: sugarcane, hybrid breeding, molecular design breeding, genomic selection, intelligent breeding

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