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Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 84-92.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2020.92016

• TILLAGE & CULTIVATION · PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Interactive effects of liming and straw incorporation on yield and nitrogen uptake in a double rice cropping system

LIAO Ping1,LIU Lei1,HE Yu-Xuan1,TANG Gang1,ZHANG Jun2,ZENG Yong-Jun1,WU Zi-Ming1,HUANG Shan1,*()   

  1. 1 Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, Jiangxi, China
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2019-04-01 Accepted:2019-08-09 Online:2020-01-12 Published:2019-09-03
  • Contact: Shan HUANG E-mail:ecohs@126.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31701383);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0301102)

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Abstract:

Soil acidification and low fertility limit crop productivity in red paddy soils. Liming and straw incorporation are effective practices to alleviate soil acidification and improve soil fertility, respectively, while their interaction is still unclear. A four-year field experiment was conducted in a double rice cropping system with red paddy soil in Jiangxi province to examine the interactive effect of liming and straw incorporation on rice yield and nitrogen (N) uptake from 2015 to 2018. Either liming or straw incorporation increased grain yield and N uptake in both early and late rice seasons. Lime application increased yield and N uptake by 10.7% and 15.5% under straw incorporation, while by 4.4% and 9.7% with straw removal in the early rice season, respectively. In contrast, liming enhanced yield and N uptake by 18.7% and 24.6% in the straw-incorporated treatments in the late rice season, respectively, whereas only by 10.5% and 5.7% in the straw-removed treatments. The effect of liming on enhancing grain yield, N uptake and soil pH for both early and late rice diminished in the present of time. Neither soil organic matter nor total N content was significantly affected by liming after the four-year experiment. Straw incorporation significantly increased soil organic matter, but had no effect on total N. Therefore, limes should be applied along with straw incorporation to simultaneously increase double rice yield, alleviate soil acidification, and improve soil fertility on acidic paddies. Besides, our results suggest that limes should be applied approximately every four years in the double rice cropping system with acidic red soil.

Key words: soil acidification, straw incorporation, liming, double rice, grain yield, nitrogen uptake

Table 1

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on grain yield and its components, and N uptake in early rice (F-values) "

变异来源
Source of variations		 有效穗
Effective panicle		 每穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting rate		 千粒重
1000-grain weight		 产量
Grain yield		 氮素吸收
N uptake
石灰 Liming (L) 16.0** 20.1** 0.2 1.3 33.5** 48.0**
秸秆还田 Straw incorporation (RS) 154.2** 15.6** 7.8** 0 111.3** 133.5**
年份 Year (Y) 100.0** 7.9** 87.8** 11.8** 64.1** 111.0**
石灰×秸秆还田 L×RS 3.0 1.0 0.9 0.6 7.2* 4.8*
石灰×年份 L×Y 2.1 3.4* 3.6* 0.3 4.6** 5.4**
秸秆还田×年份 RS×Y 1.4 4.8** 1.6 1.1 4.7** 5.2**
石灰×秸秆还田×年份 L×RS×Y 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.3 1.2 1.6

Fig. 1

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on grain yield and its components, and N uptake in early rice (2015-2018) CK, L, RS, and L+RS mean control, liming, straw incorporation, and straw incorporation with liming, respectively. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 in the same year."

Table 2

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on grain yield and its components, and N uptake in late rice (F-values) "

变异来源
Source of variations		 有效穗
Effective panicle		 每穗粒数
Spikelets per panicle		 结实率
Seed-setting rate		 千粒重
1000-grain weight		 产量
Grain yield		 氮素吸收
N uptake
石灰 Liming (L) 94.3** 45.2** 1.1 9.7** 125.7** 93.1**
秸秆还田 Straw incorporation (RS) 0.9 69.5** 22.2** 0.4 18.4** 65.7**
年份 Year (Y) 67.8** 15.6** 37.7** 11.5** 49.4** 26.1**
石灰×秸秆还田 L×RS 25.9** 0.4 0.6 0.3 10.4** 38.0**
石灰×年份L×Y 10.3** 5.5** 2.2 1.1 20.8** 15.2**
秸秆还田×年份RS×Y 2.3 3.6* 7.5** 1.9 0.7 10.3**
石灰×秸秆还田×年份 L×RS×Y 6.5** 0.1 0.7 0.2 1.2 6.1**

Fig. 2

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on grain yield and its components, and N uptake in late rice (2015-2018) Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 in the same year."

Fig. 3

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on annual yield (a), annual N uptake (b), total yield (c), and total N uptake (d) over the 4-year Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 in the same year."

Fig. 4

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on soil pH (2015-2018) Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 in the same year."

Fig. 5

Effects of liming and straw incorporation on soil organic matter (a) and total N content (b) (2018) Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig.1. Error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean (n = 3). Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at P < 0.05 in the same year."

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