Welcome to Acta Agronomica Sinica,

Acta Agronomica Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (4): 886-895.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1006.2022.13026

• CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Genetic analysis and molecular characterization of dwarf mutant gad39 in maize

LIU Lei(), ZHAN Wei-Min(), DING Wu-Si, LIU Tong, CUI Lian-Hua, JIANG Liang-Liang, ZHANG Yan-Pei*(), YANG Jian-Ping*()   

  1. College of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
  • Received:2021-03-22 Accepted:2021-06-16 Online:2022-04-12 Published:2021-07-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Yan-Pei,YANG Jian-Ping E-mail:18737652119@163.com;630950832@qq.com;zhangyanpei@henau.edu.cn;jpyang@henau.edu.cn
  • About author:First author contact:**Contributed equally to this work
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871709);Henan Technology Innovation Guidance project(182106000050);Key Project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation(6151002)

Abstract:

Plant height is one of the important selection characters in maize breeding, which determines planting density and lodging resistance, and further affects yield and quality. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the genetic and molecular mechanism of related genes controlling plant height in maize. We performed phenotypic identification, cytological observation, genetic analysis, gene mapping, and gibberellin (GA3) treatment of dwarf mutant gad39, which is derived from maize inbred line Mo17. At silking stage, the plant height of gad39 was only 100.00 cm, significantly shorter than 192.60 cm of wild type Mo17, resulting in a decrease of 48.08%. Morphological identification showed that tassel length, internode number, and cell size of gad39 mutant were significantly reduced, which might be the main cause of gad39 dwarfism. In addition to plant dwarfness of gad39, the number of tillers increased, ear position decreased, stem became thinner, leaf length became shorter and ear length became shorter. Genetic analysis showed that a single recessive nuclear gene regulated the gad39 mutant phenotype, and gene controlling dwarf trait was mapped between markers td4 and td6 on the long arm of chromosome 3. The physical distance between the two markers was 15.34 kb, which contained a dwarf gene D1/ZmGA3ox2. Sequence analysis also revealed that D1 allele gene in gad39 had 10 InDels and 21 SNPs, resulting in the variations of four amino acids in exons. Mutation sites of gad39 differed from the previously reported sites of mutant dwarf1, d1-4, d1-6016, and d1-3286. In conclusion, gad39 was a novel allelic mutant of D1, which encoded GA3-oxidase (GA3ox), a key enzyme involved in the bioactive GA biosynthesis. The seedling height of gad39 was restored to the level of wild types by GA3 treatment. In this study, we detected a new dwarfing allelic mutant, which laid a foundation for further analyzing the genetic mechanism of plant height in maize.

Key words: maize, dwarf, genetic analysis, gene mapping, gibberellin

Fig. 1

Phenotypic comparison between Mo17 (WT) and gad39 mutant A, B, and C: plant phenotype of wild type (WT) and gad39 mutant at fourth-leaf, eighth-leaf, and silking stage, respectively; D: ear phenotype at mature stage. Scale bars: (A) 10 cm, (B) 15 cm, (C) 20 cm, and (D) 2 cm."

Table 1

Comparison of agronomic traits between Mo17 and mutant gad39"

性状
Trait
野生型
Mo17
突变体
gad39
株高 Plant height (cm) 192.60±8.26 100.00±14.46**
穗位 Ear height (cm) 55.00±7.53 20.22±5.36**
分蘖数 No. of tillers 1.00±0.00 2.18±1.25**
茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) 23.03±2.00 20.58±1.57*
叶长 Leaf length (cm) 81.65±2.17 50.64±5.53**
叶宽 Leaf width (cm) 10.61±0.90 10.06±1.57

Fig. 2

Histological analysis of stem internodes A: scanning electron microscope observation of stem cell; B, C: comparison of cell length and width in the stem; D: comparison of the number of aboveground internodes; E: comparison of the length of tassel and aboveground internodes at silking stage. WT: wild type Mo17. Bar: 100 µm. T: the length of tassel; 1 represents the first internode above the ear, -1 represents the first internode below the ear, and so on. **: P < 0.01; *: P < 0.05."

Table 2

Primers used in this study"

引物
Primer
正向引物
Forward primer (5°-3°)
反向引物
Reverse primer (5°-3°)
用途
Function
td1 TTCCCACGCATTCAACCTGT TTGACCTGTTGTGCTGTGCT Primary mapping
td2 ACACAGCACAACACAACACA ATAATTGTACCGAGATGTTG Primary mapping
td3 GGATATTTGCTGCTCGGACTA CTGATCGGAGGAGAACGCTA Fine mapping
td4 GAGAGGAGAGGCTGAGCTGA TCCTCCCACTGAATTTCCAC Fine mapping
td6 TACAGCGAGCGAGTGAATGG CTCCAGCAGTCCAGGTGATG Fine mapping
td7 TAGCAAAGGCAGGCAGAAGA CGTATGGACGGAAGGAAAC Fine mapping
td8 TTGCCATAGTGTTGAGATCG TGCCGTAACGGAGGTAGC Fine mapping
td9 TACCCGGACATGGTTGAGC TGAAGGGTGTCCTTCCGAT Fine mapping
td5 GCGTGTTTGGTGATGGAAGT TGGATGAGATGGAGGGGGT Fine mapping
634(1) CCGCACGTCGTTGTTACC CGTGAGCAAAGTCACGGTCA DNA sequence amplification
634(2) TTGCGCTTCTGATAGGCCG CAGGAACGCGCCCCATTG DNA sequence amplification
634(3) ATCTATTGCCCACATGCCGA CATTCCAGCAGAGCAGAGCA DNA sequence amplification
634 CTTCCTTCCCTCCTTCCTTG TAGCTGCGGAACGGAATTAG ORF sequence amplification
475 TCTCCCCGCTATGTCTCTCG CGCCCATCCTTATCAGCTCC DNA sequence amplification

Fig. 3

Fine mapping of gad39 mutant A: candidate gene was preliminarily localized between td1 and td2 molecular markers on maize chromosome 3; B: candidate gene was fine mapped to a 15.34 kb region delimited by td4 and td6 markers; C: two candidate genes in the fine-mapped region; D: the position of primer on the gene. The gray ellipse represents the centromere. The upper parts of the horizontal line are molecular markers, and the numbers beneath the horizontal line represent the numbers of recombinant plants. Chromosomal compositions of eight recombinants (plant numbers 233-1, 229-7, 229-2, 214-3, 241-2, 215-5, 233-2, 234-1, 224-11, and 225-5) are represented with their phenotypes."

Fig. 4

Sequence alignment of Zm00001d039634 gene A: genome alignment of Zm00001d039634 gene from Mo17 (WT) and gad39 mutant; B: amino acid alignment of Zm00001d039634 from Mo17 (WT) and gad39 mutant. Empty boxes represent 5' and 3' UTR, black boxes represent exons, and black solid lines represent introns and non-coding regions."

Fig. 5

Conservative analysis of gad39 mutation site in GA3ox family from different plant species ZmGA3ox2 (Zea mays, NP_001266453.1), ZmGA3ox1 (Zea mays, NP_001146525.1), AtGA3ox1 (Arabidopsis thaliana, Q39103), AtGA3ox2 (Arabidopsis thaliana, Q9ZT84), SbGA3ox2-3 (Sorghum bicolor, XP_021303725.1), BdGA3ox2 (Brachypodium distachyon, xp_014758338.1), OsGA3ox1 (Oryza sativa, Q6AT12), OsGA3ox2 (Oryza sativa, Q9FU53), PmGA3ox2 (Panicum miliaceum, RLM92489.1), SiGA3ox2 (Setaria italica, XP_004968405.1). * represents amino acid variation position."

Fig. 6

Responses of wild type Mo17 (WT) and gad39 to GA3 treatment A: the seeding phenotype of WT and gad39 after GA3 treatment; B: the plant height of WT and gad39 after GA3 treatment. Bar: 10 cm. The concentration of GA3 was 100 μg mL-1. **: P < 0.01; n.s. represents no significant difference."

[1] Duvick D N, Smith J, Cooper M. Long-term selection in a commercial hybrid maize breeding program. Plant Breed Rev, 2004, 24:109-151.
[2] Hébert Y, Guingo E, Loudet O. The response of root/shoot partitioning and root morphology to light reduction in maize genotypes. Crop Sci, 2001, 41:363-371.
doi: 10.2135/cropsci2001.412363x
[3] 何少勇. 玉米矮秆突变体的等位性鉴定及对外源激素的敏感性研究. 四川农业大学硕士学位论文,四川成都, 2017.
He S Y. Studies on Allelic Identification and Sensitivity to Exogenous Hormones of Maize Dwarf Mutant. MS Thesis of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan,China, 2017 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[4] Multani D S, Briggs S P, Chamberlin M A, Blakeslee J J, Murphy A S, Johal G S. Loss of an MDR transporter in compact stalks of maize br2 and sorghum dw3 mutants. Science, 2003, 302:81-84.
pmid: 14526073
[5] Zhang X G, Hou X B, Liu Y H, Zheng L J, Yi Q, Zhang H J, Huang X R, Zhang J J, Hu Y F, Yu G W, Liu H M, Li Y P, Huang H H, Zhan F L, Chen L, Tang J H, Huang Y B. Maize brachytic2 (br2) suppresses the elongation of lower internodes for excessive auxin accumulation in the intercalary meristem region. BMC Plant Biol, 2019, 19:589.
doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-2200-5
[6] Hartwig T, Chuck G S, Fujioka S, Klempien A, Weizbauer R, Potluri D P, Choe S, Johal G S, Schulz B. Brassinosteroid control of sex determination in maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 2011, 108:19814-19819.
[7] Best N B, Hartwig T, Budka J, Fujioka S, Johal G, Schulz B, Dilkes B P. Nana plant2 encodes a maize ortholog of the Arabidopsis brassinosteroid biosynthesis protein Dwarf1, identifying developmental interactions between brassinosteroids and gibberellins. Plant Physiol, 2016, 171:2633-2647.
doi: 10.1104/pp.16.00399
[8] Peng J, Richards D E, Hartley N M, Murphy G P, Devos K M, Flintham J E, Beales J, Fish J L, Worland A J, Pelica F, Sudhakar D, Christou P, Snape J W, Gale M D, Harberd N P. ‘Green revolution’ genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators. Nature, 1999, 400:256-261.
doi: 10.1038/22307
[9] Lawit S J, Wych H M, Xu D, Kundu S, Tomeset D T. Maize DELLA proteins dwarf plant8 and dwarf plant9 as modulators of plant development. Plant Cell Physiol, 2010, 51:1854-1868.
doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcq153 pmid: 20937610
[10] Wang Y J, Deng D X, Ding H D, Xu X M, Zhang R, Wang S X, Bian Y L, Yin Z T, Chen Y. Gibberellin biosynthetic deficiency is responsible for maize dominant Dwarf11 (D11) mutant phenotype: physiological and transcriptomic evidence. PLoS One, 2013, 8:e66466.
[11] 王立静, 哈丽旦, 张素梅, 徐春花, 李启芳, 刘保申. 新的玉米矮秆突变基因的鉴定与遗传分析. 华北农学报, 2008, 23(5):23-25.
Wang L J, Ha L D, Zhang S M, Xu C H, Li Q F, Liu B S. Identification and genetic analysis of a novel dwarf mutant gene in maize. Acta Agric Boreali-Sin, 2008, 23(5):23-25 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12] Li P C, Wei J, Wang H M, Fang Y, Yin S Y, Xu Y, Liu J, Yang Z F, Xu C W. Natural variation and domestication selection of ZmPGP1 affects plant architecture and yield-related traits in maize. Genes, 2019, 10:664.
doi: 10.3390/genes10090664
[13] Li Z X, Zhang X R, Zhao Y J, Li Y J, Zhang G F, Peng Z H, Zhang J R. Enhancing auxin accumulation in maize root tips improves root growth and dwarfs plant height. Plant Biotechnol J, 2018, 16:86-99.
doi: 10.1111/pbi.2018.16.issue-1
[14] Li H C, Wang L J, Liu M S, Dong Z B, Li Q F, Fei S L, Xiang H T, Liu B S, Jin W W. Maize plant architecture is regulated by the ethylene biosynthetic gene ZmACS7. Plant Physiol, 2020, 183:1184-1199.
doi: 10.1104/pp.19.01421
[15] Kir G, Ye H, Nelissen H, Neelakandan N K, Kusnandar A S, Luo A, Inzé D, Sylvester A W, Yin Y, Becraft P W. RNAi knockdown of BRI1 in maize reveals novel functions for brassinosteroid signaling in controlling plant architecture. Plant Physiol, 2015, 169:826-839.
doi: 10.1104/pp.15.00367
[16] Castorina G, Persico M, Zilio M, Sangiorgio S, Carabelli L, Consonni G. The maize lilliputian1 (lil1) gene, encoding a brassinosteroid cytochrome P450 C-6 oxidase, is involved in plant growth and drought response. Ann Bot, 2018, 122:227-238.
doi: 10.1093/aob/mcy047
[17] Makarevitch I, Thompson A, Muehlbauer G J, Springer N M. Brd1 gene in maize encodes a brassinosteroid C-6 oxidase. PLoS One, 2012, 7:e30798.
[18] Phinney B O. Growth response of single-gene dwarf mutants in maize to gibberellic acid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1956, 42:185-189.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.42.4.185
[19] Chen Y, Hou M M, Liu L J, Wu S, Shen Y, Ishiyama K, Kobayashi M, McCarty D R, Tan B C. The maize dwarf encodes a gibberellin 3-oxidase and is dual localized to the nucleus and cytosol. Plant Physiol, 2014, 166:2028-2039.
doi: 10.1104/pp.114.247486 pmid: 25341533
[20] Teng F, Zhai L H, Liu R X, Bai W, Wang L Q, Huo D G, Tao Y S, Zheng Y L, Zhang Z X. ZmGA3ox2, a candidate gene for a major QTL, qPH3.1, for plant height in maize. Plant J, 2013, 73:405-416.
doi: 10.1111/tpj.12038
[21] Winkler R G, Helentjaris T. The maize Dwarf3 gene encodes a cytochrome P450-mediated early step in gibberellin biosynthesis. Plant Cell, 1995, 7:1307-1317.
pmid: 7549486
[22] Bensen R J, Johal G S, Crane V C, Tossberg J T, Schnable P S, Meeley R B, Briggs S P. Cloning and characterization of the maize An1 gene. Plant Cell, 1995, 7:75-84.
pmid: 7696880
[23] Lv H K, Zheng J, Wang T Y, Fu J J, Huai J L, Min H W, Zhang X, Tian B H, Shi Y S, Wang G Y. The maize d2003, a novel allele of VP8, is required for maize internode elongation. Plant Mol Biol, 2014, 84:243-257.
doi: 10.1007/s11103-013-0129-x
[24] Avila L M, Cerrudo D, Swanton C, Lukens L. Brevis plant1, a putative inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase, is required for internode elongation in maize. J Exp Bot, 2016, 67:1577-1588.
doi: 10.1093/jxb/erv554 pmid: 26767748
[25] Smith L G, Gerttula S M, Levy H J. Tangled1: a microtubule binding protein required for the spatial control of cytokinesis in maize. J Cell Biol, 2001, 152:231-236.
pmid: 11149933
[26] Wang Y J, Zhao J, Lu W J, Deng D X. Gibberellin in plant height control: old player, new story. Plant Cell Rep, 2017, 36:391-398.
doi: 10.1007/s00299-017-2104-5
[27] 李祖亮. 玉米矮化突变体gad5表型分析和基因克隆. 河南大学硕士学位论文,河南开封, 2015.
Li Z L. Phenotype Analysis and Gene Cloning of Maize Dwarf Mutant gad5. MS Thesis of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan,China, 2015 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[28] 李巧峡, 张丽, 王玉, 黄小霞. 赤霉素调控植物开花及花器官发育的研究进展. 中国细胞生物学学报, 2019, 41:746-758.
Li Q X, Zhang L, Wang Y, Huang X X. Research progress of gibberellin regulation of flowering and flower organ development in plants. Chin J Cell Biol, 2019, 41:746-758 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[29] 任晓松, 王子沐, 焦健, 田礼欣, 刘赵月, 李晶. GA处理对低温胁迫条件下玉米种子呼吸代谢的影响. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39:847-854.
Ren X S, Wang Z M, Jiao J, Tian L X, Liu Z Y, Li J. Effects of GA treatment on respiration metabolism of maize seeds under low temperature stress. Chin J Ecol, 2020, 39:847-854 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[30] Hu S L, Wang C L, Sanchez D L, Lipk A E, Liu P, Yin Y H, Blanco M, Lübbersted T. Gibberellins promote brassinosteroids action and both increase heterosis for plant height in maize (Zea mays L.). Front Plant Sci, 2017, 8:1039.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01039
[31] 高秀华, 傅向东. 赤霉素信号转导及其调控植物生长发育的研究进展. 生物技术通报, 2018, 34(7):1-13.
doi: 10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0447
Gao X H, Fu X D. Research progress of gibberellin signal transduction and its regulation of plant growth and development. Biotechnol Bull, 2018, 34(7):1-13 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[32] Calderon U A, Dellaporta S L. Cell death and cell protection genes determine the fate of pistils in maize. Development, 1999, 126:435-441.
pmid: 9876173
[33] 杨睿, 张正, 杨丽莉, 张彦琴, 董春林, 常建忠. 玉米矮秆突变体A5的表型鉴定及转录组分析. 山西大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 43:597-603.
Yang R, Zhang Z, Yang L L, Zhang Y Q, Dong C L, Chang J Z. Phenotype identification and transcriptome analysis of dwarf mutant A5 in maize. J Shanxi Univ (Nat Sci Edn), 2020, 43:597-603 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[34] 王武全, 曹本高, 员海燕. 玉米矮秆突变体的激素敏感性分析. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 45(8):51-55.
Wang W Q, Cao B G, Yun H Y. Analysis of hormone sensitivity of maize dwarf mutant. J Northwest Agric For Univ(Nat Sci Edn), 2017, 45(8):51-55 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[35] 王关林, 方宏筠. 植物基因工程(第2版). 北京: 科学出版社, 2002. pp 742-744.
Wang G L, Fang H Y. Plant Gene Engineering, 2nd edn. Beijing: Science Press, 2002. pp 742-744(in Chinese).
[36] Michelmore R W, Paran I, Kesseli R V. Identification of markers linked to disease-resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions by using segregating populations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1991, 88:9828-9832.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.21.9828
[37] 徐幸. 种植密度对不同株高玉米品种茎秆抗倒伏性能及产量的影响. 吉林农业大学硕士学位论文,吉林长春, 2019.
Xu X. Effects of Planting Density on Stem Lodging Resistance and Yield of Different Maize Cultivars with Different Height. MS Thesis of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin,China, 2019 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[38] Chen Y, Tan B C. New insight in the gibberellin biosynthesis and signal transduction. Plant Signal Behav, 2015, 10:e1000140.
[39] Yamaguchi S. Gibberellin metabolism and its regulation. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 2008, 59:225-251.
doi: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092804 pmid: 18173378
[40] Sun T P, Kamiya Y. The Arabidopsis GA1 locus encodes the cyclase ent-kaurene synthetase a of gibberellin biosynthesis. Plant Cell, 1994, 6:1509-1518.
pmid: 7994182
[41] Helliwell C A, Sullivan J A, Mould R M, Gray G C, Peacock W J, Dennis E S. A plastid envelope location of Arabidopsis ent-kaurene oxidase links the plastid and endoplasmic reticulum steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. Plant J, 2001, 28:201-208.
pmid: 11722763
[42] 李强, 吴建明, 梁和, 黄杏, 丘立杭. 高等植物赤霉素生物合成及其信号转导途径. 生物技术通报, 2014, (10):16-22.
Li Q, Wu J M, Liang H, Huang X, Qiu L H. Synthesis and signaling pathways of gibberellin biosynthesis in higher plants. Biotechnol Bull, 2014, (10):16-22 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[1] ZHENG Chong-Ke, ZHOU Guan-Hua, NIU Shu-Lin, HE Ya-Nan, SUN wei, XIE Xian-Zhi. Phenotypic characterization and gene mapping of an early senescence leaf H5(esl-H5) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(6): 1389-1400.
[2] WANG Dan, ZHOU Bao-Yuan, MA Wei, GE Jun-Zhu, DING Zai-Song, LI Cong-Feng, ZHAO Ming. Characteristics of the annual distribution and utilization of climate resource for double maize cropping system in the middle reaches of Yangtze River [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(6): 1437-1450.
[3] YANG Huan, ZHOU Ying, CHEN Ping, DU Qing, ZHENG Ben-Chuan, PU Tian, WEN Jing, YANG Wen-Yu, YONG Tai-Wen. Effects of nutrient uptake and utilization on yield of maize-legume strip intercropping system [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(6): 1476-1487.
[4] CHEN Jing, REN Bai-Zhao, ZHAO Bin, LIU Peng, ZHANG Ji-Wang. Regulation of leaf-spraying glycine betaine on yield formation and antioxidation of summer maize sowed in different dates [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(6): 1502-1515.
[5] SHAN Lu-Ying, LI Jun, LI Liang, ZHANG Li, WANG Hao-Qian, GAO Jia-Qi, WU Gang, WU Yu-Hua, ZHANG Xiu-Jie. Development of genetically modified maize (Zea mays L.) NK603 matrix reference materials [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(5): 1059-1070.
[6] ZHOU Hui-Wen, QIU Li-Hang, HUANG Xing, LI Qiang, CHEN Rong-Fa, FAN Ye-Geng, LUO Han-Min, YAN Hai-Feng, WENG Meng-Ling, ZHOU Zhong-Feng, WU Jian-Ming. Cloning and functional analysis of ScGA20ox1 gibberellin oxidase gene in sugarcane [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(4): 1017-1026.
[7] WANG Hao-Rang, ZHANG Yong, YU Chun-Miao, DONG Quan-Zhong, LI Wei-Wei, HU Kai-Feng, ZHANG Ming-Ming, XUE Hong, YANG Meng-Ping, SONG Ji-Ling, WANG Lei, YANG Xing-Yong, QIU Li-Juan. Fine mapping of yellow-green leaf gene (ygl2) in soybean (Glycine max L.) [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(4): 791-800.
[8] XU Jing, GAO Jing-Yang, LI Cheng-Cheng, SONG Yun-Xia, DONG Chao-Pei, WANG Zhao, LI Yun-Meng, LUAN Yi-Fan, CHEN Jia-Fa, ZHOU Zi-Jian, WU Jian-Yu. Overexpression of ZmCIPKHT enhances heat tolerance in plant [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(4): 851-859.
[9] YAN Yu-Ting, SONG Qiu-Lai, YAN Chao, LIU Shuang, ZHANG Yu-Hui, TIAN Jing-Fen, DENG Yu-Xuan, MA Chun-Mei. Nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen substitution effect of maize under straw returning with continuous cropping [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(4): 962-974.
[10] XU Ning-Kun, LI Bing, CHEN Xiao-Yan, WEI Ya-Kang, LIU Zi-Long, XUE Yong-Kang, CHEN Hong-Yu, WANG Gui-Feng. Genetic analysis and molecular characterization of a novel maize Bt2 gene mutant [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 572-579.
[11] FU Mei-Yu, XIONG Hong-Chun, ZHOU Chun-Yun, GUO Hui-Jun, XIE Yong-Dun, ZHAO Lin-Shu, GU Jia-Yu, ZHAO Shi-Rong, DING Yu-Ping, XU Yan-Hao, LIU Lu-Xiang. Genetic analysis of wheat dwarf mutant je0098 and molecular mapping of dwarfing gene [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 580-589.
[12] SONG Shi-Qin, YANG Qing-Long, WANG Dan, LYU Yan-Jie, XU Wen-Hua, WEI Wen-Wen, LIU Xiao-Dan, YAO Fan-Yun, CAO Yu-Jun, WANG Yong-Jun, WANG Li-Chun. Relationship between seed morphology, storage substance and chilling tolerance during germination of dominant maize hybrids in Northeast China [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(3): 726-738.
[13] ZHAO Mei-Cheng, DIAO Xian-Min. Phylogeny of wild Setaria species and their utilization in foxtail millet breeding [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 267-279.
[14] QU Jian-Zhou, FENG Wen-Hao, ZHANG Xing-Hua, XU Shu-Tu, XUE Ji-Quan. Dissecting the genetic architecture of maize kernel size based on genome-wide association study [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 304-319.
[15] YAN Yan, ZHANG Yu-Shi, LIU Chu-Rong, REN Dan-Yang, LIU Hong-Run, LIU Xue-Qing, ZHANG Ming-Cai, LI Zhao-Hu. Variety matching and resource use efficiency of the winter wheat-summer maize “double late” cropping system [J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2022, 48(2): 423-436.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!